Personality Traits Associated with Fear

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drake C. Chisholm ◽  
John D. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire ◽  
Fear Survey Schedule

The extent to which personality characteristics are associated with fear was investigated. The amount of fear and the attributional style of 91 college students (74 women, 17 men) were measured using the Fear Questionnaire, the Fear Survey Schedule, and the Attributional Style Questionnaire. Analysis indicated that fear was significantly correlated with the responsibility for bad outcomes and with the tendency to generalize all outcomes to many situations. Findings are consistent with the view that significantly different attributional profiles emerge as fearfulness increases.

Explanations for Positive and Negative Events Among Heavy and Moderate College Drinkers

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Corcoran ◽  
Paige E. Thielbahr
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Explanatory Style ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Moderate Drinking ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire ◽  
College Drinkers ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between explanatory style for positive and negative events in heavy- and moderate-drinking college students. Results indicate no difference between the two drinking groups in explanations for negative events; however, hearvier-drinking subjects did tend to have more global and stable explanations for positive events. In addition, those subjects attached more importance to positive events. Results are discussed in terms of the utility of such a style in avoiding depressed mood. Also discussed is the potential for changing such a belief pattern and the possible implications for the use of the Attributional Style Questionnaire with populations other than those who are depressed.

Verification of Impression of Voice in Relation to Occupational Categories

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1249-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Yamada ◽  
Yuji Hakoda ◽  
Emiko Yuda ◽  
Akiko Kusuhara
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Occupational Category ◽  
Junior College Students

The present study examined how personality traits, physical characteristics, and occupational categories derived from listening to human voices are related to each other. Stimuli were 25 tape-recorded male vocal samples. In Study 1, 114 undergraduate and graduate students rated each of the 25 voices on 22 personality traits and 11 vocal characteristics. Participants were also given a list of 34 occupational categories from which they selected one suitable occupational category for each of the 25 voices. Of 34 occupations, 20 occupations selected most frequently were used in Study 2 wherein 90 junior college students rated the voices on the 20 occupational categories. Factor analyses produced three factors for personality characteristics, for vocal characteristics, and for occupational categories. Also, significant correlations among those factors (both positive and negative) indicated participants consistently attributed particular personality and vocal characteristics to specific voices and assigned those voices to particular occupational categories. Stereotypical perception of voices is discussed in terms of earwitness identification.

scholarly journals The personality traits of observers and the acquaintanceship as factors of assessment of others

Psihologija ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Smederevac ◽  
Tijana Antic
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire

The main purpose of this study was to determine the relation between the degree of acquaintance and assessment of other persons? personality traits and attribution of their behaviour. The second aim was to examine relation between personality traits of observers and their perception of actor?s personality traits and attribution of actor?s behaviour. The study was conducted on a sample of 76 subjects divided into two groups, on the basis of degree of acquaintance with actors. First group estimated a close person, a best friend. Second group estimated a person they are not acquainted with. This person was described in an invented interview. In the first part of the research, all subjects completed The Big Five Inventory (John, 1991). In the second part of the research, subjects estimated personality traits of actors (using BFI) and attributed actor?s behaviour using The Attributional Style Questionnaire (Peterson et al., 1982). The results suggest that there are at least two types of bias in estimation of other people. One type is in relation with acquaintance. Observers estimate close persons more positively than persons they don?t know. Second type of bias is in relation to personality traits of observers. These personality traits are Consciousness, Extraversion and Openness.

Attributional Style, Depression, and Grade Point Averages of College Students

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolina M. Fazio ◽  
Linda J. Palm
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Grade Point Averages ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire ◽  
Upper Level

91 upper-level undergraduates completed the Attributional Style Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; scores on these inventories were correlated with students' cumulative grade point averages. Students with pessimistic attributional style scores had higher depression scores than students with optimistic attributional style scores and those with higher depression scores had lower grade point averages. The need for longitudinal evaluation of changes in these associations is discussed.

Paranormal Belief and Attributional Style

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thomas Dudley ◽  
Elizabeth A. Whisnand
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Attributional Styles ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire ◽  
Belief Scale

52 college students completed Tobacyk's 1988 Revised Paranormal Belief Scale and Peterson, Semmel, von Baeyer, Abramson, Metalsky, and Seligman's 1982 Attributional Style Questionnaire. Analysis showed significantly higher depressive attributional styles among high scorers on paranormal phenomena than low scorers.

Verification of Impression of Voice in Relation to Occupational Categories

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1249-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Yamada ◽  
Yuji Hakoda ◽  
Emiko Yuda ◽  
Akiko Kusuhara
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Occupational Category ◽  
Junior College Students

The present study examined how personality traits, physical characteristics, and occupational categories derived from listening to human voices are related to each other. Stimuli were 25 tape-recorded male vocal samples. In Study 1, 114 undergraduate and graduate students rated each of the 25 voices on 22 personality traits and 11 vocal characteristics. Participants were also given a list of 34 occupational categories from which they selected one suitable, occupational category for each of the 25 voices. Of 34 occupations, 20 occupations selected most frequently were used in Study 2 wherein 90 junior college students rated the voices on the 20 occupational categories. Factor analyses produced three factors for personality characteristics, for vocal characteristics, and for occupational categories. Also, significant correlations among those factors (both positive and negative) indicated participants consistently attributed particular personality and vocal characteristics to specific voices and assigned those voices to particular occupational categories. Stereotypical perception of voices is discussed in terms of earwitness identification.

Correlates of Privacy Regulation

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darhl M. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
California Psychological Inventory ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Privacy Regulation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Women College Students ◽  
Psychological Inventory

The California Psychological Inventory and a Privacy Regulation Rating Scale were administered to 35 men and 40 women college students to estimate correlations between personality characteristics and attained privacy. The California Psychological Inventory measured 18 personality traits, and the rating scale assessed the amount of desired privacy actually achieved for six kinds of privacy: Reserve, Isolation, Solitude, Intimacy with Friends, Intimacy with Family, and Anonymity. Pearson product-moment correlations between the two sets of variables indicated distinct and meaningful personality profiles for people who were dissatisfied with their customary attainment of each kind of privacy. The profiles for men and women were dissimilar.

Comparison of Helplessness and Hopelessness as Sources of Cognitive Vulnerability Among Black and White College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temilola K. Salami ◽  
Rheeda L. Walker ◽  
Steven R. H. Beach
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Black College ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Attributional Style Questionnaire

The Cognitive Style Questionnaire (CSQ), an expansion of the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), was created as an enhanced measure of cognitive vulnerability to depression using a hopelessness theory framework. However, the CSQ’s development emphasized facets of cognitive vulnerability consistent with a Eurocentric worldview. Consequently, the CSQ may inadvertently degrade rather than enhance assessment of cognitive vulnerability to depression for Black participants whose vulnerability may be shaped by a different sociopolitical context. Participants were 259 White and 180 Black college students. As predicted, cognitive vulnerability to depression assessed via the reformulated learned helplessness (ASQ) but not hopelessness theory (CSQ) was associated with increased symptoms of depression for Black participants. The opposite pattern of results was found for White participants for whom hopelessness (CSQ), but not helplessness (ASQ) was associated with higher levels of depression symptoms. The current findings support the need for more extensive examination of social context and race in assessing cognitive vulnerability to depression.

The Buffering Effect of Character Strengths on Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Beatrice Lee ◽  
Cahit Kaya ◽  
Xiangli Chen ◽  
Jia-Rung Wu ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
High School To College ◽  
Transition From High School ◽  
Adjustment Issues ◽  
Negative Attributional Style

Abstract. The transition from high school to college can be very stressful for Turkish students because they may experience value conflicts and adjustment issues, which can trigger the development of mental health problems. Character strengths can serve as a buffer against psychopathology. The aim of the study was to examine perceived stress and negative attributional style as mediating factors between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. Bootstrap testing approach was implemented to compute direct and indirect effects and total effect in the mediation analysis. Altogether 235 students from two Turkish universities participated in the study. The results showed that character strengths were associated with lower levels of depression and it was negatively associated with perceived stress and negative attributional style. The results also indicated that perceived stress and negative attribution style completely mediated the relationship between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. These findings suggested the need to develop empirically supported interventions that can promote character strengths toward reducing stress, negative attributions, and depression in this population.

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