Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Plum and Cherry Plum in Bulgaria

AbstractThe species complex and infestations of aphids on plum (Prunus persica) and cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera) in Bulgaria were investigated during the period 2013–2018. Nine species from the family Aphididae were found: Brachycaudus helichrysi Kaltenbach (leaf-curling plum aphid), Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy (mealy plum aphid), Phorodon humuli Schrank (hop aphid), Brachycaudus prunicola Kaltenbach (brown plum aphid), Brachycaudus cardui Linnaeus (thistle aphid), Brachycaudus persicae Passerini (black peach aphid), Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae Linnaeus (waterlily aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (spiraea aphid) and Pterochloroides persicae Cholodkovsky (peach trunk aphid). The dominant species on plum are Hyalopterus pruni and Brachycaudus helichrysi. The first species is more widespread and of significantly higher density. The dominant species on cherry plum are Phorodon humuli and B. helichrysi. The species Brachycaudus prunicola is widespread both on plum and cherry plum in Bulgaria. It was found only on twigs, and therefore cannot be considered as a dangerous pest on fruit-bearing plum trees. The other species, some of them described as dangerous pests on plum, are today fairly rare and occur in low density, thus posing no danger to orchards.

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Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5051 (1) ◽

pp. 346-386

Author(s):

SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽

SERDAR SAK ◽

ALP ALPER ◽

SERDAR SÖNMEZ

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Species Complex ◽

Detailed Examination ◽

The Other ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Nicobar Island ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Family ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia. It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.

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Effects of Rootstock and Budding Height on Bacterial Canker in French Prune

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2002.86.5.543 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 86 (5) ◽

pp. 543-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. J. Sayler ◽

S. M. Southwick ◽

J. T. Yeager ◽

K. Glozer ◽

E. L. Little ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Mortality ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Field Trials ◽

Bacterial Canker ◽

Prunus Domestica ◽

Severity Of Disease ◽

Prunus Cerasifera ◽

Disease Pressure

Bacterial canker is one of the most economically important diseases of stone fruit trees, including ‘French’ prune (Prunus domestica). Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rootstock selection and budding height on the incidence and severity of bacterial canker in four orchards with low to high disease pressure. Treatments included French prune scions low-grafted on ‘Lovell’ peach (Prunus persica) rootstocks as well as Myrobalan 29C (Prunus cerasifera) plum rootstocks grafted at 15, 50, and 90 cm above the rootstock crown. Another treatment consisted of growing Myrobalan 29C plum rootstocks in the field for one growing season, then field-grafting French prune buds onto rootstock scaffolds. Lovell peach rootstock provided the greatest protection from bacterial canker as measured by disease incidence and tree mortality in all orchards. Field-budded rootstocks and rootstocks grafted at the highest budding height provided moderate levels of resistance to bacterial canker. These treatments reduced the incidence but not the severity of disease.

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Di- and tri-nucleotide repeat microsatellites for the mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni

Molecular Ecology Notes ◽

10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.00969.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 499-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. D. LOZIER ◽

N. J. MILLS ◽

P. J. PALSBØLL ◽

G. K. RODERICK

Keyword(s):

Hyalopterus Pruni ◽

Mealy Plum Aphid ◽

Nucleotide Repeat

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Quid estClea helena?Evidence for a previously unrecognized radiation of assassin snails (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea: Nassariidae)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.3638 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. e3638 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ellen E. Strong ◽

Lee Ann Galindo ◽

Yuri I. Kantor

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Type Species ◽

Species Complex ◽

Aquarium Trade ◽

Systematic Revision ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

Se Asia ◽

The Family ◽

The Us

The genusCleafrom SE Asia is from one of only two unrelated families among the megadiverse predatory marine Neogastropoda to have successfully conquered continental waters. While little is known about their anatomy, life history and ecology, interest has grown exponentially in recent years owing to their increasing popularity as aquarium pets. However, the systematic affinities of the genus and the validity of the included species have not been robustly explored. Differences in shell, operculum and radula characters support separation ofCleaas presently defined into two distinct genera:Clea, for the type speciesClea nigricansand its allies, andAnentomeforClea helenaand allies. A five-gene mitochondrial (COI, 16S, 12S) and nuclear (H3, 28S) gene dataset confirms the placement ofAnentomeas a somewhat isolated offshoot of the family Nassariidae and sister to the estuarineNassodonta. Anatomical data corroborate this grouping and, in conjunction with their phylogenetic placement, support their recognition as a new subfamily, the Anentominae. The assassin snailAnentome helena, a popular import through the aquarium trade so named for their voracious appetite for other snails, is found to comprise a complex of at least four species. None of these likely represents trueAnentome helenadescribed from Java, including a specimen purchased through the aquarium trade under this name in the US and one that was recently found introduced in Singapore, both of which were supported as conspecific with a species from Thailand. The introduction ofAnentome“helena” through the aquarium trade constitutes a significant threat to native aquatic snail faunas which are often already highly imperiled. Comprehensive systematic revision of this previously unrecognized species complex is urgently needed to facilitate communication and manage this emerging threat.

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The chiropteran haemosporidian Polychromophilus melanipherus: A worldwide species complex restricted to the family Miniopteridae

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2012.06.006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1558-1566 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Linda Duval ◽

Cyndie Mejean ◽

Gael D. Maganga ◽

Boris K. Makanga ◽

Lilian B. Mangama Koumba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Complex ◽

The Family

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Bacteria Associated with some Dacus Species (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their Host Fruit in Queensland

Australian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1071/bi9860361 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 361 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

AC Lloyd ◽

RAI Drew ◽

DS Teakle ◽

AC Hayward

Keyword(s):

Alimentary Tract ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Host Fruit ◽

Large Numbers ◽

The Family ◽

Solanum Mauritianum ◽

Oviposition Sites

Over a period of 18 months the bacteria associated with approximately 70 adult flies of four Dacus species were isolated and identified. The flies were D. tryoni (Froggatt) and D. neohumeralis Hardy from guava (Psidium guajava L.), mulberry (Morus nigra L.) and peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch], D. cacuminatus (Hering) from wild tobacco (Solanum mauritianum Scop.), and D. musae (Tryon) from banana (Musa paradisiaca L.), and were collected in the field when these host plants were fruiting. All flies examined were surface-sterilized prior to aseptic dissection in which crop and mid-gut (stomach) or oesophageal bulbs were removed for culturing. Bacteria were also isolated from faeces of field-collected flies, as well as from host fruit surfaces, oviposition sites and larvae-infested tissue in host fruit. The predominant bacteria found in the alimentary tract of flies and in associated fruit specimens were members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella oxytoca, Erwinia herbicola and Enterobacter cloacae were the most frequently isolated species, with Serratia spp., Citrobacter jreundii, Proteus spp., Providencia rettgeri and Escherichia coli, being found less frequently. No one bacterial species was found to be consistently associated with anyone fly species. The bacterial species found most frequently in the alimentary tract were also found in large numbers on the surfaces of host fruit and in stung fruit.

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Ebbepterote, a new genus for the Australian 'Eupterote' expansa (T. P. Lucas), with a revised classification of the family Eupterotidae (Lepidoptera)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is02028 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. G. Oberprieler ◽

W. A. Nässig ◽

E. D. Edwards

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Species Complex ◽

New Genus ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

Tarsal Segment ◽

The Family

The single and endemic species of Eupterote Hübner recorded from Australia is shown not to possess the male genitalia typical of this genus, nor of any other genus of Eupterotidae, and it is consequently placed in a new genus, Ebbepterote Oberprieler, Nässig & Edwards, as E. expansa (T. P. Lucas, 1891), comb. nov. Its genitalia are compared with those of many Asian and African genera of Eupterotidae, resulting in a revised classification and redefinition of the major eupterotid lineages. Five groups are defined: a probably paraphyletic 'basal' Ganisa-group and likely monophyletic subfamilies Janinae (including Tissanga Aurivillius and Hibrildes Druce), Striphnopteryginae, Eupterotinae and Panacelinae. Ebbepterote and the New Guinean 'Eupterote' styx Bethune-Baker species-complex are included in Striphnopteryginae, which is otherwise restricted to Africa. Cotana Walker is reassigned to Eupterotinae from Panacelinae and Sphingognatha Felder is resurrected from synonymy with Eupterote. The genitalia of Ebbepterote and several other critical genera are illustrated, demonstrating that the shape of the uncus does not constitute a suitable synapomorphy for defining the Eupterotidae as a monophyletic group. Another alleged eupterotid synapomorphy, the presence of a row of midventral spurs on the apical tarsal segment of the hindleg of the female, is shown to occur only sporadically in the family but also outside of it, in the lemoniid–brahmaeid–sphingid clade of Bombycoidea. As a result, the monophyly of the Eupterotidae currently rests only on a single, cryptic character of the mesoscutum of the imago and is in urgent need of substantiation.

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Morphometric analysis of the genus Monochoria (Pontederiaceae) in Sri Lanka

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy ◽

10.3329/bjpt.v24i1.33001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 13-22

Author(s):

Savithri Sarojani Udage ◽

Deepthi Yakandawala

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Species Complex ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Sri Lankan ◽

The Family ◽

Plant Taxon ◽

Reproductive Characters ◽

Informative Character

The genus Monochoria is represented in Sri Lanka by only two species, M. hastata and M. vaginalis. Of the two species M. vaginalis exhibits a high morphological diversity. A morphometric analysis was performed on the Sri Lankan members of the genus Monochoria to evaluate the morphological diversity exhibited by comparing 34 vegetative, anatomical and reproductive characters. Both cluster and principal coordinate analyses resulted in four clusters of which one corresponded to M. hastata, while M. vaginalis was divided into three phenetic groups indicating that the Sri Lankan M. vaginalis is a species complex involving more than one taxon. The length ratio of the lower spathe petiole to inflorescence stalk was identified as an informative character in delimiting the phenetic groups, a character that has not been considered before. Further, the occurrence of sub-palisade cavities that are filled with a red colored liquid in the leaves of two phenetic groups was a novel character for the genus as well as the family Pontederiaceae.Keywords: Monochoria vaginalis; Morphological data; Sub-palisade cavities; Principal coordinate anaysis.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 24(1): 1322, 2017 (June)

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THE DIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL ARACEAE IN MT. WATUWILA COMPLEX, SOUTH-EAST OF SULAWESI

Journal of Biological Researches ◽

10.23869/bphjbr.15.2.20106 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 131-137

Author(s):

Ina Erlinawati

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Colocasia Esculenta ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Specimen Collection ◽

The Family

The arums comprise the family of Araceae, including the numerous aroids subfamily, monocotyledonous flowering plants, in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The diversity of terrestrial Araceae in Sulawesi is very poorly documented and understood and remains critically threatened. The aims of this study were to understand the diversity of terrestrial Araceae on Mount Watuwila Complex and to add the number specimen collection in Herbarium Bogoriense. The exploration was conducted by used exploring method, including collection, identification and description. The exploration on Mount Watuwila Complex (170–800 m alt.), May 7–29, 2008 was got 22 number collections of Araceae, consist of 12 numbers of terrestrial Araceae, 10 species, those are Aglaonema simplex Bl., Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don, Alocasia suhirmaniana Yuzammi & A. Hay, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, Homalomena spp. (3 species), Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Roxb.) Zoll. & Moritzi, S. plurivenia Alderw and Spathiphyllum commutatum Schott. Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Roxb.) Zoll. & Moritzi is dominant species and Alocasia suhirmaniana Yuzammi & A. Hay is endemic species. The descriptions of each species were made.

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A taxonomic evaluation of the Thesium confine species complex (Santalaceae)

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v48i1.2346 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kagiso S. Mashego ◽

M. Marianne Le Roux

Keyword(s):

Species Complex ◽

Growth Form ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Research Strategy ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

African Species ◽

Separate Species ◽

Distribution Ranges ◽

The Family

Background: Thesium L. is the largest genus in the family Santalaceae (sandalwood family). The last taxonomic revision of the southern African species dates back to 1925. An urgent revision of the genus is required as indicated in a recent national biosystematics research strategy for South Africa.Objectives: To revise the Thesium confine species complex (Thesium durum, T. confine and Thesium spartioides) and to update the typification, nomenclature, descriptions and distribution ranges.Method: Morphological characters were studied using own field collections as well as herbarium specimens from K, NU, PRE and PRU and images on Global Plants (JSTOR). Distribution ranges of the studied species were updated.Results: An examination of morphological characters revealed great similarity between T. spartioides and T. confine. Both species have an herbaceous habit, decumbent growth form, terminal (or less frequently axillary) inflorescences and a sympatric northern distribution in South Africa. Thesium durum differs from T. spartioides and T. confine in having a shrubby habit, erect growth form and axillary inflorescences and occurs in the southern part of South Africa.Conclusion: Thesium spartioides is synonymised under T. confine, and T. durum is retained as a separate species.

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