scholarly journals Serum Oxidative Stress Markers are not Associated with Renal and Common Carotid Arteries Arteriosclerotic Vascular Changes in Patients with Gout

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
R. Gancheva ◽  
A. Kundurdjiev ◽  
G. Nikolova ◽  
M. Ivanova ◽  
T. Kundurdjiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Abstract Objective: To establish the association between serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) products, nitric oxide (NO) radicals and ascorbate radicals with renal resistive index (RRI), common carotid artery resistive index (CCARI) and intima-media thickness (IMT) in gout patients, and to find out whether the connection is more pronounced when tophi are present. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 71 consecutive gout patients, divided into two groups according to the presence of subcutaneous tophi. Serum concentrations of ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals were determined by ex vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study. RRI was measured in both kidneys at the level of interlobar arteries with 3.5 MHz transducer. By applying ultrasound of the common carotid arteries, conducted with 10 MHz linear transducer CCARI and IMT were measured. Results: Gouty arthritis without tophi and gouty tophi subjects were age-matched. Serum uric acid and distribution of conventional cardiovascular risk factors was equal in the groups. However, in tophi patients CRP and the number of individuals who had suffered a cardiovascular event were higher. In the two stages of the disease serum levels of ROS products, NO radicals, ascorbate radicals, as well as RRI and CCARI were comparable but intima-media was thicker in gouty tophi. Serum concentrations of ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals did not correlate with RRI, CCARI and IMT. Among untreated and treated with Allopurinol or Febuxostat patients the means of ROS products, NO radicals, ascorbate radicals, RRI, CCARI and IMT were similar. Conclusions: In the earlier and advanced stage of the disease we found no difference in oxidative stress level but the degree of inflammation was higher in tophi subjects. No connection was established between serum ROS products, NO radicals and ascorbate radicals with renal and carotid arteries arteriosclerotic vascular changes. We suggest that in gout individuals intrinsic inflammation has a leading role in the process of atherogenesis.

Mechanisms of aging-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation: role of tetrahydrobiopterin

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (6) ◽  
pp. H2448-H2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Blackwell ◽  
Joseph P. Sorenson ◽  
Darcy M. Richardson ◽  
Leslie A. Smith ◽  
Osamu Suda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Aged Mouse ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Vasomotor Function ◽  
Endothelium Dependent Relaxation

Oxidative stress has been implicated as an important mechanism of vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by aging. Previous studies suggested that tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor of endothelial NO synthase, could be a molecular target for oxidation. We tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress, in particular oxidation of BH4, may contribute to attenuation of endothelium-dependent relaxation in aged mice. Vasomotor function of isolated carotid arteries was studied using a video dimension analyzer. Vascular levels of BH4 and its oxidation products were measured via HPLC. In aged mice (age, 95 ± 2 wk), endothelium-dependent relaxation to ACh (10−5 to 10−9 M) as well as endothelium-independent relaxation to the NO donor diethylammonium ( Z)-1-( N, N-diethylamino)diazen-1-ium -1,2-diolate (DEA-NONOate, 10−5 to 10−9 M) were significantly reduced compared with relaxation detected in young mice (age, 23 ± 0.5 wk). Incubation of aged mouse carotid arteries with the cell-permeable SOD mimetic Mn(III)tetra(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride normalized relaxation to ACh and DEA-NONOate. Furthermore, production of superoxide anion in aorta and serum levels of amyloid P component, which is the murine analog of C-reactive protein, was increased in old mice. In aorta, neither the concentration of BH4 nor the ratio of reduced BH4 to the oxidation products were different between young and aged mice. Our results demonstrate that in mice, aging impairs relaxation mediated by NO most likely by increased formation of superoxide anion. Oxidation of BH4 does not appear to be an important mechanism underlying vasomotor dysfunction in aged mouse arteries.

scholarly journals Ex Vivo and in Silico Study of Human Common Carotid Arteries Pressure Response in Physiological and Inverted State

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Piechna ◽  
K. Cieślicki ◽  
L. Lombarski ◽  
B. Ciszek
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Arterial Walls ◽  
Unloaded State ◽  
In Silico Study ◽  
Model Computer ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Abstract Arterial walls are a multilayer structures with nonlinear material characteristics. Furthermore, residual stresses exist in unloaded state (zero-pressure condition) and they affect arterial behavior. To investigate these phenomena a number of theoretical and numerical studies were performed, however no experimental validation was proposed and realized yet. We cannot get rid of residual stresses without damaging the arterial segment. In this paper we propose a novel experiment to validate a numerical model of artery with residual stresses. The inspiration for our study originates from experiments made by Dobrin on dogs’ arteries (1999). We applied the idea of turning the artery inside out. After such an operation the sequence of layer is reversed and the residual stresses are re-ordered. We performed several pressure-inflation tests on human Common Carotid Arteries (CCA) in normal and inverted configurations. The nonlinear responses of arterial behavior were obtained and compared to the numerical model. Computer simulations were carried out using the commercial software which applied the finite element method (FEM). Then, these results were discussed.

scholarly journals Synergism of the pharmacological effect of glycine and thiotriazoline

Pathologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
I. F. Bielenichev ◽  
A. A. Yehorov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Acute Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Mitochondrial Pore ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Aim. To establish the effect of the glycine and thiotriazoline (4:1) combination on the parameters of the energy production of the mitochondria of the rat brain under the conditions of simulating an acute cerebrovascular accident. Materials and methods. The experimental part was performed on 90 male Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g. To model acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA) by ischemic type, a classical model was used, where common carotid arteries had been ligated bilaterally. All animals were divided into 5 experimental groups: the first – intact (sham-operated rats, which during anesthesia had their common carotid arteries separated without ligation); the second – rats with ACVA (control); the third – rats with ACVA, which underwent intragastric administration of glycine at a dose of 200 mg/kg in the form of a tablet mass every day for 4 days; the fourth – rats with stroke, which every day for 4 days underwent intragastric administration of a combination of glycine and thiotriazoline (4:1) in the form of a tablet mass; the fifth – rats with ACVA, which underwent every day intragastric administration of piracetam in the form of a tablet mass at a dose of 500 mg/kg. The sampling of biological material (brain) for research was carried out on the fourth day of the experiment according to the standard method. The mitochondrial fraction was isolated by differential centrifugation in a refrigerated centrifuge. The manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction, have been spectrophotometrically studied according to the degree of opening of the mitochondrial pore (MP) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Ψ). The assessment of the intensity of oxidative stress was determined by the markers of protein oxidative modification – aldehydephenylhydrazone (APH) and ketonedinitrophenylhydrazone (KPH) – spectrophotometrically. The state of energy metabolism was determined by the level of the most significant intermediates – ATP, lactate, succinate and malate. Results. In the group of animals with ACVA modeling, we noted a decrease in the level of ATP in mitochondria by 1.55 times, an increase in lactate content by 1.1 times, a decrease in SDH activity by 3.8 times and a decrease in succinate concentration by 1.1 times relative to the corresponding data of intact groups. Administration of a combination of glycine and thiotriazoline to experimental animals on the fourth day of ACVA modeling led to a 1.9-fold decrease in the opening of the mitochondrial pore and an increase in the charge of the inner mitochondrial membrane by 1.2 times, an increase in ATP in the mitochondrial fraction by 1.1 times, an increase in SDH activity by 3 times, and the activity of NAD-MDH – by 3.7 times, against the background of a decrease in the level of APH by 76.6 % and KPH by 80.7 %, relative to the group of animals with modeling of stroke by ischemic type. Conclusions. Modeling of ACVA leads to the initiation of oxidative stress and the development of an imbalance of energy metabolism intermediates in the brain mitochondria of experimental animals. Administration of a combination of glycine and thiotriazoline leads to a decrease in oxidative damage to mitochondria, increases the production of ATP due to the activation of compensatory mitochondrial-cytosolic shunts, mainly in malate-aspartate and succinate oxidase. In terms of the degree of influence on the indicators of energy metabolism, the combination of glycine and thiotriazoline reliably exceeds the similar actions of glycine and the reference drug - piracetam.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Proven Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposits in the Joints are Associated with Smaller Kidney Size, Decreased Intrarenal Blood Flow and Arteriosclerotic Type Vascular Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
R. Gancheva ◽  
T. Kundurzhiev ◽  
Zl. Kolarov ◽  
A. Koundurdjiev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Intrarenal Blood Flow ◽  
Msu Crystals

AbstractObjective: To establish the association between ultrasound (US) burden with articular MSU crystals and renal morphology, blood supply, function and arteriosclerotic carotid arteries alterations in gout patients, individuals with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and no sign of inflammatory arthritis and psoriatic arthritis subjects with asymptomatic hyperuricemia.Methods: 121 consecutive patients were included: 85 patients with gout, 27 subjects with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and 9 psoriatic arthritis patients. Subjects underwent US of both kidneys, common carotid arteries and bilateral US of the joints of the hands, elbows, knees, ankles and feet. For intrarenal blood flow we judged by measuring the renal resistive index (RRI). By US of the carotid arteries were determined intima-media thickness (IMT), common carotid artery resistive index (CCARI) and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques was registered.Results: Individuals with articular US MSU deposits compared to those without had higher RRI (p = 0.035) and smaller kidney size (p = 0.014), but renal parenchymal thickness (p = 0.893), echogenicity (p = 0.291), IMT (p = 0.165), CCARI (p = 0.097), the frequency of nephrolithiasis (p = 0.438) and atherosclerotic plaques (p = 0.830) were similar. Subjects with US evidence of MSU crystals in two or more joint regions had the highest RRI (p = 0.002) and CCARI (p = 0.019). Compared to gout patients the risk of MSU crystal accumulation in the joints of asymptomatic hyperuricemia group was lower by 82.7%, OR = 0.173 (95% CI; 0.060 – 0.498, p = 0.001), while in psoriatic arthritis patients the risk was lower by 82%, OR = 0.180 (95% CI; 0.038-0.861, p = 0.032).Conclusions: This study points out that subjects with larger extent of articular MSU burden have greater vascular stiffness. The accumulation of MSU crystals in the joints may be associated with the accumulation of crystals mainly in the renal interstitium.

Association of Renal Resistive Index with Markers of Extrarenal Vascular Changes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Morreale ◽  
Giuseppe Mulè ◽  
Angelo Ferrante ◽  
Francesco D'ignoto ◽  
Santina Cottone
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Systemic Lupus

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Seyed Ali Rajaei ◽  
Parnia Tarahomi ◽  
Seyed Ali Seyedinia ◽  
Mehrnoush Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Spirogyra algae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures. Results: Our findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration of Spirogyra alleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that Spirogyra algae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.

scholarly journals Morphology of cerebral cortex vessels in experimental epilepsy

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
F. A. Yakhin ◽  
E. N. Popova ◽  
F. F. Yakhina
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Experimental Epilepsy ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

The reversible changes of cerebral cortex vessels prevail in cerebrovascular ischemia caused by unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery in rats. In bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, stenosis of ascending aorta the dystrophic vascular changes are manifested significantly. In postepileptic period in the presence of cerebrovascular disorders the dystrophic changes of cerebral cortex vessels prevail. In audiogenic epilepsies in the presence of renal hypertension and alimentary atherosclerosis the dystrophic changes of the vessels increase.

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