Manganese Influence on Chromium Distribution in High-Chromium Cast Irons

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Byelikov ◽  
I. Volchok ◽  
V. Netrebko
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
X Ray

Abstract It is shown that chromium distribution in the metal base of high-chromium cast irons depends on manganese content. According to the X-ray micro-spectral analysis data with the increase of manganese content from 0.72 to 6.49% chromium content decreased in the near-carbide zones. At the same time chromium content in carbides increased. This process obtained particularly strong development inside eutectic colonies of carbides. As a result of it, when total chromium content in the alloy has been 23%, its concentration in the local zones was 12,3%, thus the necessary level of corrosion resistance has not been provided. The minimal chromium content has to amount 23.2%, at 6.49% Mn and 2.2...2.5% C in order to provide corrosion resistance of high-chromium cast irons

Mechanism of High Temperature Embrittlement and Loss of Corrosion Resistance in AISI Type 446 Stainless Steel

CORROSION ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 531-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. DEMO
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Ferritic Alloys ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
Resistance To Stress

Abstract The ferritic alloys, particularly AISI Type 446 steel with its high chromium content, have desirable properties of corrosion resistance, low raw material cost, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC); yet they are not widely used in construction work because of the damaging effects of high temperature exposures (such as welding) on their corrosion resistance and ductility. This work describes the causes for their loss of corrosion resistance and ductility, and defines changes in composition and heat treatment that would improve their material properties.

Microstructure and Tempering Behaviour of 28Cr-2.5C-1W Cast Irons

2018 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Sasitorn Yeekew ◽  
Amporn Wiengmoon ◽  
Torranin Chairuangsri ◽  
John T.H. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Austenite Matrix ◽  
Secondary Carbide ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Secondary Carbides ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, the effects of 1 wt.% tungsten addition and variation in tempering times on the microstructure and hardness of nominal 28 wt.%Cr high chromium irons were investigated. As-cast samples were destabilised at 1050 °C for 4 hours and then hardened by air cooling. Tempering after destabilisation was carried out at 450 °C for 2, 4 and 6 hours followed by air cooling. X-ray diffractometry, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructures of the irons. The results show that the as-cast microstructure of the iron without W addition consisted of primary austenite dendrites with eutectic M7C3 and eutectic austenite partially transformed to martensite. The iron with 1 wt.%W addition contained primary M7C3 and eutectic M7C3 in an austenite matrix. Destabilisation treatment of the austenite matrix in both irons allowed precipitation of secondary carbides and transformation to martensite during air cooling. Phase transformation of eutectic M7C3 was also found in the iron with W addition. The formation of primary M7C3 in the 1 wt.%W iron increased the as-cast macro-hardness from 500 (no W) to 576 HV30. Destabilisation increased the macro-hardness up to 736 (no W) and 780 HV30 (1 wt.%W) since secondary carbide precipitation allowed austenite to transform to essentially martensitic matrices. At longer tempering times, the macro-hardness further increased up to about 820 HV30.

NICROFER 6030

Alloy Digest ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Alloy 690 ◽  
Nuclear Systems

Abstract Nicrofer 6030 (alloy 690) is a nickel-chromium-iron-alloy with high chromium content (30%) to resist both oxidizing environments and primary and secondary water in PWR nuclear systems. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-513. Producer or source: VDM Technologies Corporation.

DURATECH 20CV

Alloy Digest ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Volume Content ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Versatile Tool

Abstract DuraTech 20CV is a versatile tool steel that is highly wear resistant due to a large volume content of hard carbides. It is also corrosion resistant, with a high chromium content. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: SS-947. Producer or source: Timken Latrobe Steel.

An X-ray Diffraction Procedure for Measuring Retained Austenite in High Chromium White Cast Iron

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Whelan ◽  
Peter J. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Retained Austenite ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Pole Figure Data ◽  
Data Collection Procedure

AbstractHigh chromium white cast irons are used in the mineral processing industry as grinding balls and grinding mill liner plates. The effect of retained austenite on the field performance of these irons is not clearly understood, but it is believed that control of the retained austenite level is essential in optimizing field behavior. Improved analysis techniques are required to provide this control.This paper presents an equal area pole figure data collection procedure for determining retained austenite in textured material in which few diffracted peaks are available for analysis. As analysis techniques improve, the significance of retained austenite in high chromium white cast irons can be better evaluated.

DELORO STELLITE 20

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Stellite 6 ◽  
Shock Resistance

Abstract Deloro Stellite 20 is a Co-Cr-W-C alloy. It is the most abrasion resistant standard cobalt based alloy. Its high chromium content ensures good general corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, while the increased tungsten level provides superior high-temperature properties as compared to Stellite 6 or 12. While it has low shock resistance, it is often the only answer for some applications such as slurry pumps or chemical resistant parts. It is typically used up to a temperature of about 600 °C (1110 °F), depending on the application. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance. Filing Code: Co-135. Producer or source: Deloro Wear Solutions GmbH.

CRUCIBLE P/M N690

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Extended Exposure

Abstract P/M N690 exhibits isotropic mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. Its high chromium content provides superior resistance to IGSCC. This alloy has superb weldability characteristics as well as minimal mechanical property degradation during extended exposure to elevated temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, microstructuretensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance. Filing Code: Ni-439. Producer or source: Crucible Compaction Metals.

Improvement in erosion-corrosion resistance of high-chromium cast irons by trace boron

Wear ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 376-377 ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Lu ◽  
Tingzhong Li ◽  
Juan Cui ◽  
Qingyang Li ◽  
D.Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Erosion Corrosion

Simulation of the Phase Diagrams for High-Chromium White Cast Irons and Multi-Component White Cast Irons

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Lung Yen ◽  
Kun Lin Liu ◽  
Yung Ning Pan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermo Calc Software ◽  
Transition Points

In this study, simulation or computation of the phase diagrams for specific alloys of the high-Cr white cast irons and the multi-component white cast irons was performed by employing Thermo Calc software package and appropriate thermodynamics modules. The phase diagrams constructed were verified by thermal analysis (DSC), optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Both the obtained phase transition points via DSC and the microstructures observed by optical microscopy and XRD analysis match well with the phase diagrams.

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