scholarly journals Quantum Technologies Impact on Electromagnetic Spectrum Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Annamaria Sârbu ◽  
Paul Bechet ◽  
Tiberiu Giurgiu
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Quantum Communications ◽  
Spectrum Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
Defence Strategies ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract Electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) superiority represents a prerequisite for resilient defence strategies, capable of effective and adequate response to our global security environment. Besides, quantum communications are being considered one of the most promising technologies with applications in security related domains. To this extent, the development of quantum communication infrastructures will significantly impact the architecture of the modern electromagnetic operational environment. Quantum technologies pave the way towards revolutionary technologies by exploiting physical phenomena from different angles and enabling extremely sensitive measurements of multiple parameters including electromagnetic fields. This paper aims to present a short description of quantum technologies with applications for electromagnetic spectrum monitoring and discusses their impact on future electromagnetic warfare operations.

scholarly journals Proposal for space-borne quantum memories for global quantum networking

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Gündoğan ◽  
Jasminder S. Sidhu ◽  
Victoria Henderson ◽  
Luca Mazzarella ◽  
Janik Wolters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Quantum Communications ◽  
Communication Links ◽  
Probabilistic Detection ◽  
Entanglement Distribution ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Quantum Internet ◽  
Memory Characteristics

AbstractGlobal-scale quantum communication links will form the backbone of the quantum internet. However, exponential loss in optical fibres precludes any realistic application beyond few hundred kilometres. Quantum repeaters and space-based systems offer solutions to overcome this limitation. Here, we analyse the use of quantum memory (QM)-equipped satellites for quantum communication focussing on global range repeaters and memory-assisted (MA-) QKD, where QMs help increase the key rate by synchronising otherwise probabilistic detection events. We demonstrate that satellites equipped with QMs provide three orders of magnitude faster entanglement distribution rates than existing protocols based on fibre-based repeaters or space systems without QMs. We analyse how entanglement distribution performance depends on memory characteristics, determine benchmarks to assess the performance of different tasks and propose various architectures for light-matter interfaces. Our work provides a roadmap to realise unconditionally secure quantum communications over global distances with near-term technologies.

scholarly journals Using quantum communications for maritime signal flags

2019 ◽  
Vol XXII (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Plesa M. C.
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Quantum Computer ◽  
Quantum Communications ◽  
Maritime Communication ◽  
Quantum Internet ◽  
Made In

Quantum communications are becoming very quickly a reality. There are huge advancement made in the field of quantum internet. Recently, IBM has announced the first commercial quantum computer with 20 qubits. Given all the advancements in the field, in this paper we investigate how quantum technologies can be applied in maritime communications. In this paper we address the problem of international maritime flag signals. More exactly, we proposed some quantum communication schemes for international maritime signal flags. We are also study the efficiency and security boost that quantum communications give in this type of maritime communication.

scholarly journals Multi-task Learning Approach for Automatic Modulation and Wireless Signal Classification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Jagannath ◽  
Jithin Jagannath
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Signal Classification ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Signal Recognition ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Spectrum Monitoring ◽  
Task Learning ◽  
Wireless Signal

Wireless signal recognition is becoming increasingly more significant for spectrum monitoring, spectrum management, and secure communications. Consequently, it will become a key enabler with the emerging fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G communications, Internet of Things networks, among others. State-of-the-art studies in wireless signal recognition have only focused on a single task which in many cases is insufficient information for a system to act on. In this work, for the first time in the wireless communication domain, we exploit the potential of deep neural networks in conjunction with multi-task learning (MTL) framework to simultaneously learn modulation and signal classification tasks. The proposed MTL architecture benefits from the mutual relation between the two tasks in improving the classification accuracy as well as the learning efficiency with a lightweight neural network model. Additionally, we consider the problem of heterogeneous wireless signals such as radar and communication signals in the electromagnetic spectrum. Accordingly, we have shown how the proposed MTL model outperforms several state-of-the-art single-task learning classifiers while maintaining a lighter architecture and performing two signal characterization tasks simultaneously. Finally, we also release the only known open heterogeneous wireless signals dataset that comprises of radar and communication signals with multiple labels.

Physics is everywhere!

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Otilia Filep
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Related Phenomenon ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Optical Phenomenon ◽  
Physical Phenomena

<p><strong>Physics is everywhere!</strong></p><p>Europeana Collections provides access to over 50 million digitised items – books, music, artworks and more – with sophisticated search and filter tools to help you find what you’re looking for: https://www.europeana.eu/portal/hu    </p><p> I do many activities with my students, related to the connections between science and art.</p><p>Science it’s everywhere, even in the pictures! The main idea is to find science(physics) in pictures representing the everyday life activities, the living and inanimate nature (rocks, monuments, buildings, water, mountains, air etc.).</p><p>During the activities, students collect and save images from the Europeana Galleries interface. Selected and saved images must be linked to a science(physics)-related phenomenon. A brief description of the physics corresponding to the images is then provided. For example: a possible text written on an image depicting ice caps: state change, freezing of water, temperature; on an image depicting a car: movement, speed, acceleration; rainbow: an optical phenomenon of light refraction, electromagnetic spectrum, and different wavelengths; the red colour of setting sun: wavelengths, white sunlight components, light absorption and scattering, atmosphere of the earth, molecules in the air... Of course the scientific level of the description depends of the level of age and knowledge of students. This is a good method to clarify the connection of learned concepts with everyday life, the possible misconceptions and to develop students' scientific vocabulary.</p><p>The methodological idea is to find science(physics) of everyday life in art (painting, graphics, and photos). In our lesson, the students identified general physical phenomena and processes in the reviewed art collections. It was an opportunity to discuss about many physical phenomena, discuss concepts, and clarify misconceptions. Several physical phenomena have been discovered about children in a single picture. They were very enthusiastic. The groups tried to override each other. It was an experience to discuss the pictures presented: who sees what? How do you build a bridge between physics and art?</p><p>I realised, that the pupils were much more courageous; talking about the prior knowledge they had seen and discovered in the pictures. The methodological idea that we have tested can serve as a guide for the introduction of different topics that are already known to students, or even new science topics, in an unusual motivating way. Targeting a picture in a targeted way, we can introduce a new topic, an experiment- thus enhancing the physics lesson and motivating the students. They may also be able to think of different physics-related posters in design and drawings.</p><p>With Internet applications, they can create more tasks, using images.</p>

scholarly journals Multi-task Learning Approach for Automatic Modulation and Wireless Signal Classification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Jagannath ◽  
Jithin Jagannath
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Signal Classification ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Signal Recognition ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Spectrum Monitoring ◽  
Task Learning ◽  
Wireless Signal

Wireless signal recognition is becoming increasingly more significant for spectrum monitoring, spectrum management, and secure communications. Consequently, it will become a key enabler with the emerging fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G communications, Internet of Things networks, among others. State-of-the-art studies in wireless signal recognition have only focused on a single task which in many cases is insufficient information for a system to act on. In this work, for the first time in the wireless communication domain, we exploit the potential of deep neural networks in conjunction with multi-task learning (MTL) framework to simultaneously learn modulation and signal classification tasks. The proposed MTL architecture benefits from the mutual relation between the two tasks in improving the classification accuracy as well as the learning efficiency with a lightweight neural network model. Additionally, we consider the problem of heterogeneous wireless signals such as radar and communication signals in the electromagnetic spectrum. Accordingly, we have shown how the proposed MTL model outperforms several state-of-the-art single-task learning classifiers while maintaining a lighter architecture and performing two signal characterization tasks simultaneously. Finally, we also release the only known open heterogeneous wireless signals dataset that comprises of radar and communication signals with multiple labels.

MILITARY POWER AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN MAINTAINING MILITARY BALANCE IN EASTERN EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Viliam PASTOR
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
European Security ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Balance

Abstract: The frequent increasingly challenges, registered in the Eastern European security environment, require an unconventional approach due to the fact that classical typology of conflict has long become history, being replaced by the asymmetric type of conflict. Can European society overcome the new atypical security crises imposed by the military threat of Eastern European origin? Can the balance of military power be maintained so that Western society continues to enjoy security and democracy? These are just two legitimate questions that European states need to have a clear answer to, based on resource allocations in the military operational environment. Moreover, it is clear that security requires investments from a financial point of view and these must be continuous and at the minimum accepted level, like 2% of GDP, at the level of each NATO Member State.

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