MILITARY POWER AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN MAINTAINING MILITARY BALANCE IN EASTERN EUROPE

Abstract: The frequent increasingly challenges, registered in the Eastern European security environment, require an unconventional approach due to the fact that classical typology of conflict has long become history, being replaced by the asymmetric type of conflict. Can European society overcome the new atypical security crises imposed by the military threat of Eastern European origin? Can the balance of military power be maintained so that Western society continues to enjoy security and democracy? These are just two legitimate questions that European states need to have a clear answer to, based on resource allocations in the military operational environment. Moreover, it is clear that security requires investments from a financial point of view and these must be continuous and at the minimum accepted level, like 2% of GDP, at the level of each NATO Member State.

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The China-Russia-Japan Military Balance in Manchuria, 1906–1918

Modern Asian Studies ◽

10.1017/s0026749x09000171 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 1283-1311

Author(s):

ASADA MASAFUMI

Keyword(s):

East Asia ◽

Point Of View ◽

Russian Revolution ◽

Regional Security ◽

Military Power ◽

Alliance Partner ◽

History Of ◽

Triangular Relationship ◽

The Military ◽

Military Balance

AbstractEven after the Russo-Japanese War, Manchuria remained the powder keg of East Asia. In the war's aftermath, three empires, the Qing, the Russian and the Japanese, stationed their troops in Manchuria, in a struggle for military supremacy there. There has already been a considerable amount of research on these military activities. However, previous works have not discussed them from a triangular relationship. This paper contends that the history of modern East Asia cannot be understood until one examines the shift in the military balance in Manchuria from a triangular comparative point of view. The results of such examination show that, in Manchuria, each empire was unable to establish military domination alone, and therefore needed an alliance partner. During the Xinhai Revolution, the Russia-Japan ‘alliance’ wielded overwhelming military power against China. However, after the Russian Revolution in 1917, Japan renounced cooperation with a weakened Russia and built a new partnership with China to advance the Siberian intervention. The military triangle of Russia, China and Japan was unable to create a comprehensive regional security system in Manchuria because what was established was based on mutual distrust and fear.

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The Place and Potential Role of the OSCE in the Changing Architecture of European Security

Journal of International Analytics ◽

10.46272/2587-8476-2019-0-1-2-27-40 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 27-40

Author(s):

Viktor Mizin

Keyword(s):

Point Of View ◽

European Security ◽

The West ◽

European Continent ◽

Legal Norms ◽

Strategic Stability ◽

Post War ◽

Key Aspects ◽

The Military ◽

Crisis Situations

The article analyzes the key aspects of the development of relations between Russia and the OSCE from the point of view of the complex issues of Euro-Atlantic security. According to the author, the acсession of Crimea to Russia and the crisis around Ukraine have further exacerbated the preceding tensions in bilateral relations. Today, they are much like the Cold war confrontation. In Europe, the military confrontation is now intensifying. Today Moscow is openly accused of undermining the foundations of the post-war order in Europe, of illegal steps to break the generally accepted international legal norms, of aggressive intentions that threaten European stability. At the same time, the existence of significant distrust between Russia and the West does not mean that we should wait for some pause, abandon attempts to take constructive steps to re-establish cooperation. Such an approach would be counterproductive – especially since both sides are sending, albeit muted, signals of readiness for dialogue. In this situation, the author proposes a number of initial steps that could increase the level of trust between the parties, would ideally move to a meaningful dialogue on the future of the European security architecture. Various OSCE mechanisms could play a useful role. The author emphasizes the importance of increasing the effectiveness of the OSCE-originated crisis mechanisms in the context of the erosion of strategic stability on the European continent as a result of the unprecedented deterioration of relations between Russia and the West. Special emphasis is placed on modernization of the crisis management potential of the OSCE and promotion of dialogue between the West and Russia, including the establishment of a novel consultative platform in the framework of the OSCE to discuss emerging crisis situations. A number of specific confidence-building measures are proposed to restore dialogue and find solutions to crisis situations in the region.

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AMERICAN ANTI-MISSLE SHIELD, EASTERN EUROPEAN ASSET TO DISCOURAGE BALLISTIC ATTACKS

STRATEGIES XXI - Command and Staff College ◽

10.53477/2668-2028-21-09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91

Author(s):

Valentin PETRESCU

Keyword(s):

Military Power ◽

Eastern European ◽

Defense System ◽

Missile Defense ◽

Military Alliance ◽

Security Environment ◽

Institutional Structures ◽

Ballistic Trajectory ◽

The Creation ◽

Political Economic

Abstract: Air-missile defense is a mission of anti-aircraft missile troops known in the field as anti-missile shield. It describes an anti-ballistic area intended for research, discovery, interception and combat of surface-to-air or air-to-air missiles with ballistic trajectory. The existence of the anti-missile shield implies the creation of a security zone of allied states, institutional structures and population that can ensure their functionality and existence, deployed on an alignment (territories of several states), in order to maintain a state of normalcy and security. This defense system must include the threatened states, members of the politico-military alliance, regardless of their economic and military power. The security environment also concerns both the population of those countries and the objectives of great political, economic, strategic, critical and military infrastructure importance.

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The Intercultural Dimension of Military Action for Combating Hypothetical Adversaries

International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION ◽

10.1515/kbo-2018-0035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 230-234

Author(s):

Paul Tudorache ◽

Lucian Ispas

Keyword(s):

Local Population ◽

Point Of View ◽

Military Force ◽

Intergovernmental Organizations ◽

Operational Environment ◽

Military Action ◽

Organic Structure ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

The Military

Abstract Defining and analyzing the current typology of threats determines the military structures to operationally and, implicitly, organizationally adapt in order to ensure their ability to deter and combat hypothetical opponents in any operational environment. From the point of view of efficiency and effectiveness of action, it is no longer sufficient to engage the joint and multinational military structures alone, inter agency and intergovernmental action approaches being necessary. On these grounds, the intercultural dimension of the action of the military structures undergoes changes, moving from the internal plan, of the inter force relationships in the organic structure of the multinational military force into the external one, defined by the interactions between the latter and the structures/forces/elements within other agencies, intergovernmental organizations, to which the local population is added

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EUROINTEGRATION CRISIS AND ITS EFFECT ON UKRAINE'S FOREIGN POLICY AND SECURITY

ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ◽

10.17721/apmv.2018.135.0.25-34 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 25-34

Author(s):

N. Yakovenko ◽

G. Piskorska

Keyword(s):

Security Policy ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

World Order ◽

Security System ◽

European Security ◽

Current Crisis ◽

Security Environment ◽

The Military ◽

Negative Factors ◽

The Eu

The article deals with the strategic approaches and interests of Ukraine in the context of the crisis of the European security system in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. Russian aggression against Ukraine from 2014, including the annexation of Crimea and deployment of a major war in Donbas, further aggressive and unpredictable actions of a large nuclear power have sharply increased instability of global security environment, greatly exacerbated the effect of negative factors aimed at destruction of the existing world order. Recent threats arise from the very nature of contemporary international relations and have become an objective phenomenon. The authors focuse on the causes of the current crisis of the European security system. The factors of formation and essence of the political position of the EU and NATO concerning the military-political aggression of Russia against Ukraine in 2014, are revealed. The peculiarities of the European security policy, strategic interests of the EU in conditions of the restoration of elements of block-civilization confrontation are analyzed.

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Design of Military Actions in the Operational Environment Hybrid Type

International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION ◽

10.1515/kbo-2018-0023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 157-162

Author(s):

Mihai Marcel Neag

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

Point Of View ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Military Operations ◽

Operational Environment ◽

New Approach ◽

Collective Defense ◽

Hybrid Threats ◽

Hybrid War ◽

The Military

Abstract Collective defense arrangements promoted by security-related institutions have generally proven that they can produce the deterrent effect of the armed conflict. However, hybrid warfare actions have challenged the capability of countering and threatening hybrid threats. The paper seeks a point of view on developments in the current operational environment, focusing on the review of the military operations typology in identifying potential measures to counteract the actions of the hybrid war and highlighting the need for a new approach to the construction of armed power in terms of new types risks, challenges and threats

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Military and Political Influence on the Portfolio of Global Reserve Currencies

Finance Theory and Practice ◽

10.26794/2587-5671-2021-25-4-45-58 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 45-58

Author(s):

M. Y. Alekseev ◽

P. A. Kolyandra ◽

B. M. Cheskidov

Keyword(s):

Political Development ◽

Political Influence ◽

The United States ◽

Point Of View ◽

Military Power ◽

Reserve Currency ◽

Financial Infrastructure ◽

Security Guarantees ◽

And Control ◽

The Military

This paper analyses a new concept presented in the works of B. Eichengreen, A.J. Mehl, L. Chitu “Mars or Mercury? The Geopolitics of International Currency Choice”, according to which the state’s possession of nuclear weapons is linked to its possession of reserve currency. The paper aims to provide a detailed assessment of how gaining reserve currency status depends on the military and political potential of the state issuer. The research method is an analysis of the historical material and the current state of the issue under discussion. The study shows the relationship between the global military and political leadership and control over the global financial infrastructure, which increases its importance as a space for interstate conflicts. It has been proven that neither the presence of military power nor the ability and willingness to provide partners with security guarantees do not predetermine the acquisition of the reserve status by the national currency. This status is acquired as a result of control over global investment processes, in the implementation of which military power plays a significant, but not exclusive role. This power, as the potential for economic and financial dominance, is a derivative of the scale and level of development of the national economy, with a key factor in its deep involvement in international trade. From the point of view of practical forecasting of economic, military and political development, the authors conclude that in the foreseeable future, despite the strengthening of its military potential, the PRC will not be able and, most likely, will not try to obtain the status of the yuan as a reserve currency. The United States, in turn, will increasingly use its dominance in the capital market and control over the global financial infrastructure as a tool to maintain global leadership. Further study of the considered issues will significantly increase the efficiency of forecasting economic processes in relation to the military and political situation.

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The Difficult alliance. Military cooperation between the ruthenian king Daniel and the Piasts of Mazovia

Open Military Studies ◽

10.1515/openms-2020-0108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 104-112

Author(s):

Michał Skoczyński

Keyword(s):

Scientific Literature ◽

Point Of View ◽

Armed Conflicts ◽

The Other ◽

Political Strategy ◽

Military Cooperation ◽

Historical Sources ◽

Other Hand ◽

Historical Methodology ◽

The Military

Abstract The article presents the military cooperation between the King of Galician-Volhynian Ruthenia, Daniel Romanowicz, and the Dukes of Mazovia, Konrad and his son Siemowit. The alliance, based as a counterweight for the cooperation between the King of Hungary and the Piast princes of Lesser Poland, who were trying to conquer Ruthenia and dominate all Piast principalities in then fragmented Poland. It lasted for several decades from the 1220’s to the 1260’s and was primarly aimed at mutual protection against the invasions of the pagan Yotvingians and supporting each other in armed conflicts. The text contains an analysis of war expeditions, tactics and ways of support that were given by both sides of the allianace. It is a new point of view on this aspect of political strategy of both sides that in some ways defined the regional situation. Ruthenians granted masovian Piasts some mobile and political uncommited support in fight with their relatives in Poland, and also secured their border with the Yotvingians. On the other hand, masovian knights were an additional strike force in ruthenian plundering expeditions to Yotvingia. The research was based on the analysis of preserved historical sources and scientific literature using historical methodology.

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