scholarly journals Microscopic Evaluation of the Manholes in Selected Sewerage Pressure System

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Bartosz Bogusławski ◽  
Anna Głowacka ◽  
Teresa Rucińska
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Sewage System ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract The aim of the research was to determine changes in the elemental composition of concrete under the influence of exposure to hydrogen sulphide in the existing sewage system. The system operator pointed to significant problems with odours in this system. The research included a fragment of the pressure sewage system. The concentration of gases: hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and methane was measured in selected wells. High concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (over 200 ppm) were recorded in the studies. Concrete samples were taken from the internal walls of the well for testing. The samples were used for a microscopic analysis of their composition, using an electron microscope with an EDS attachment. Also, concrete samples from a new sewage well were tested to compare their elemental composition. Gas measurements confirmed the problem of odors, while the analysis of the elemental composition showed a significant proportion of sulphur (from 7.53% to 42.9%) on the surface of the well compared to the reference sample (0%).

Microscopic Evaluation of Salvia stepposa Des.- Schost above - ground part widespread in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 4773-4776
Author(s):  
Levaya Ya. K. ◽  
Ishmuratova M. Yu. ◽  
Atazhanova G. A. ◽  
Zilfikarov I. N. ◽  
Loseva I. V.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Mesophyll Structure ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Ground Part

Microscopic analysis of medicinal plants and raw materials is one of the stages of quality control which makes it possible to determine the authenticity of an object. This article presents the results of microscopic analysis of leaves, corolla, leafstalks and stalk of Salvia stepposa (steppe sage). This species is a relative to Salvia officinalis officinal used in traditional medical systems as an anti-inflammatory agent. The purpose of this study is to determine the features of the anatomical structures of the above-ground part of steppe sage and to reveal diagnostic signs at the microscopic level. Preliminary pharmacognostic investigation of vegetative raw material is done and diagnostic signs are identified. The detail microscopy revealed the presence of 3 types of trichomes on leaves’ epidermis: 1) simple unicellular; 2) simple multicellular; 3) glandular; their localization and shape are determined. Type of mesophyll, structure of trichomes; form and location of epidermal cells, the presence of rare simple trichomes along the edge are discovered. As a result of the research the anatomical features of the raw material were established, which make it possible to identify the above-ground part of Salvia stepposa and can be used for the development of regulatory documentation.

Improvement of anaerobic treatment of tannery beamhouse wastewater by an integrated sulphide elimination process

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Schenk ◽  
M. Wiemann ◽  
W. Hegemann
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Sulphide Toxicity ◽  
High Concentrations

Sulphide, and especially the undissociated form, hydrogen sulphide, is inhibitory to anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. Tannery beamhouse wastewater contains high concentrations of organic material which make an anaerobic treatment favourable, but it also contains high concentrations of sulphide which cause difficulties for anaerobic treatment. The success of an anaerobic treatment will depend on reliable elimination of the sulphide. In batch tests stripping was the most effective process for sulphide removal compared to precipitation. The chemical-physical COD removal caused by the stripping was negligible, while precipitation caused a COD-removal of 26%. Also, anaerobic degradation velocity was higher if sulphide was removed by stripping. In fixed bed reactors operated continuously, stripping was shown to be a reliable method for eliminating hydrogen sulphide toxicity. Hydrogen sulphide caused an inhibition of 0.2% per mg 1−1 for methanogenic bacteria. Acidogenic bacteria were not inhibited by hydrogen sulphide. The gas-liquid equilibrium was shown to deviate from theoretical values taken from literature.

scholarly journals Impact of Pharmacological Inhibition of Hydrogen Sulphide Production in the SOD1G93A-ALS Mouse Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alida Spalloni ◽  
Viviana Greco ◽  
Giulia Ciriminna ◽  
Victor Corasolla Carregari ◽  
Federica Marini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Dual Inhibitor ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Sporadic Als ◽  
Sulphide Production ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Als Patients ◽  
H2s Production ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

A number of factors can trigger amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although its precise pathogenesis is still uncertain. In a previous study done by us, poisonous liquoral levels of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in sporadic ALS patients were reported. In the same study very high concentrations of H2S in the cerebral tissues of the familial ALS (fALS) model of the SOD1G93A mouse, were measured. The objective of this study was to test whether decreasing the levels of H2S in the fALS mouse could be beneficial. Amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA)—a systemic dual inhibitor of cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ lyase (two key enzymes in the production of H2S)—was administered to fALS mice. AOA treatment decreased the content of H2S in the cerebral tissues, and the lifespan of female mice increased by approximately ten days, while disease progression in male mice was not affected. The histological evaluation of the spinal cord of the females revealed a significant increase in GFAP positivity and a significant decrease in IBA1 positivity. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate that, in the animal model, the inhibition of H2S production is more effective in females. The findings reinforce the need to adequately consider sex as a relevant factor in ALS.

Anaerobic Filter Treatment of Molasses Fermentation Wastewater

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J T Carrondo ◽  
J M C Silva ◽  
M I I Figueira ◽  
R M B Ganho ◽  
J F S Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
High Concentrations

Two anaerobic filters were used to assess the treatability of a high strength acidic molasses fermentation wastewater containing up to 3000 mg/l of sulphate ion. The waste had to be neutralized and buffered prior to treatment and the filters operated at ambient temperature. The inlet COD concentrations were increased from 10,000 to 50,000 mg/l, organic loads ranged from 2 to 12 Kg COD/m3 day at hydraulic retention times of 2.5 and 5 days. COD removals varied from 57 to 79% and removal rates as high as 6.8 Kg COD/m3.day were obtained. Although the gas productions were reasonable, reaching 4.8 m3/m3.day, the methane content was always lower than 40% and high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide were detected in the gas. The filters were operated for seven months without sludge removal.

EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF H2S INTERACTIONS WITH AQUIFER ROCK

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Krzysztof LABUS ◽  
Katarzyna SUCHODOLSKA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Sulphide Mineral ◽  
Geological Sequestration ◽  
Mineral Trapping ◽  
Małopolska Block

The experimental research in brine–rock–gas was performed in order to investigate the interactions of hydrogen sulphide with selected aquifer rocks from the Małopolska Block (Poland). Scanning microscopic analysis of reacted samples confirmed intense dissolution of the cement components (mainly hematite and carbonates). It was also found that the main process leading to hydrogen sulphide mineral trapping is its reaction with hematite, leading to the formation of iron (III) sulphide. Based on modeling of kinetic reactions we also assessed the amounts of sulphur blocked in the mineral form and in solution. On this basis, it was hypothesized that the analyzed rocks have significant potential for geological sequestration of H2S in the long term.

scholarly journals Microscopic Evaluation of Leaves ofMemecylon umbellatumBurm

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Suresh G. Killedar ◽  
Harinath N. More ◽  
Sameer J. Nadaf
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Xylem Fibers ◽  
Morphology Parameters ◽  
Leaf Midrib

Objective. Aim of present work is to perform the microscopic evaluation and physicochemical analysis and to explore the morphology parameters ofMemecylon umbellatumBurm leaves.Methods. Fresh, dried and desiccated powdered leaf samples were studied for their morphology, microscopy, organoleptic characters, and an assortment of other WHO recommended methods for standardisation.Results. The microscopy revealed the dorsiventral nature of the leaf. Midrib showed presence of nonlignified phloem, lignified xylem with well-defined xylem fibers, vessels, and parenchyma. Presence of Phloecentric vascular bundles surrounded by endodermis and crystal sheath. Well-defined patches of collenchyma were observed above and below the vascular bundles in the midrib area. Trichomes are mostly absent and stomata (anomocytic) were observed on both epidermal surfaces.Conclusions. It can be concluded that the microscopic analysis and pharmacognostic parameters can serve as tool for developing standards for proper authentication, quality, and purity ofMemecylon umbellatumBurm leaves.

Exposure to toxic waste containing high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide illegally dumped in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 3192-3199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouassi Dongo ◽  
Issiaka Tiembré ◽  
Blaise Atioumonou Koné ◽  
Christian Zurbrügg ◽  
Peter Odermatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
High Concentrations

scholarly journals Occurrence of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in source-separated urine, groundwater, surface water and wastewater in the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Ngumba ◽  
Anthony Gachanja ◽  
James Nyirenda ◽  
Johanna Maldonado ◽  
Tuula Tuhkanen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
High Concentrations

Recently, there has been an increased interest in bridging the knowledge gap in the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in African urban water cycles.  In this study, the occurrence of 7 antibiotics and 3 antiretrovirals in source-separated urine, groundwater, wastewater and surface water of the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia, was studied. In groundwater, the pharmaceuticals were only sporadically present with 4 antibiotics and 1 antiretroviral detected. The concentration of the antibiotics ranged from below limit of quantification (<LOQ) to 880 ng/L, with sulfamethoxazole having the highest detection frequency of 42.3%. In the surface water, a comparatively high concentration of pharmaceuticals was measured with concentrations ranging from <LOQ–11 800 ng/L to <LOQ–49 700 ng/L for antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs, respectively. Similarly, the concentration of antibiotics in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent and effluent waters ranged from 100–33 300 ng/L and 80–30 040 ng/L, respectively. The concentration of the antiretrovirals was also relatively high in the wastewater and ranged from  680–118 970 ng/L and 1 720–55 760 ng/L in the influent and effluent, respectively. The concentration of the target analytes in source-separated urine were several orders of magnitude higher than in wastewater.  Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and lamivudine had the highest concentrations, of 7 740 µg/L, 12 800 µg/L and 10 010 µg/L, respectively.  The high concentration detected in source-separated urine calls for precautionary measures to be undertaken when such urine is to be used as a fertilizer. However, urine source separation has a major advantage of pooling a significant proportion of excreted pharmaceuticals into small manageable volumes which can be effectively treated, minimizing environmental contamination. The high concentrations of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs measured in this study necessitate creation of effective barriers to mitigate the possible environmental and human health risks.  

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