scholarly journals After a Long March: the Results of Two Decades of Rural Restructuring in Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadett Csurgó ◽  
Imre Kovách ◽  
Boldizsár Megyesi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Development System ◽  
Rural Restructuring ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract This paper aims to show the main processes of rural restructuring of Hungary after the change of political system and EU integration. It describes the changes of agricultural land-use, new dynamics of urban rural relations and rural development of the last 25 years. In the paper, we argue that the most dynamic changes happened in the era of post-communism, ended by EU-accession and the era of consolidation. A characteristic phenomenon of these changes was the urban demand for providing facilities related to rural landscape and culture. Therefore, permanent and temporary migrations into rural areas have become the most important element of development for rural places in the last decades. The introduction of a new Europeanised rural development system has shaped these processes and reconfigured local power relations, economic and social networks. These turbulent changes occurred at the same time with the collapse of the socialist-type co-operative and state farm system, along with the restitution and reprivatisation of land, resulting in the concentration of land use and agricultural production. The paper aims at analysing these processes by discussing the dynamics of urban-rural relationships and the new rural development system, while the final part focuses on land-use changes and its impacts on rural society.

scholarly journals Land Use Development of Vineyards in Goriška Brda, Slovenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alenka FIKFAK ◽  
Velibor SPALEVIC ◽  
Saja KOSANOVIC ◽  
Svetislav G. POPOVIC ◽  
Mladen DJUROVIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
The Cross

Land development analyses play a fundamental role in understanding how land use change shapes the land, depending on continuously changing social, economic, and environmental factors that reflect the interests in space. It is especially important to follow land use changes in rural areas due to their role in food security, environmental hazards, cultural landscape preservation, etc. Continuous analyses and monitoring of land use changes allow for the identification and prevention of negative trends in land use (over intensification, land fragmentation, etc.) that might affect biodiversity, change physical and chemical properties of soil, causing soil degradation, change the spatial balance, stability and natural equilibrium in the rural area. The use of the cross-tabulation matrix methodology was suggested for land use change analyses. The methodology, when the cross-tabulation matrix elements are correctly interpreted, allows us to gain as much insight as possible in the process of land use change. This approach enabled a detailed analysis of vineyards in Goriška brda, Slovenia. It was found that the existing methodology fails to analyse the location of change. For this reason, additional analyses of spatial distribution of change and of the locations where changes in space occur were suggested. The study demonstrated that the land use category of vineyards changes systematically, although seemingly randomly. By comparing land use categories over several time periods, the study determined that the size and speed of change varied across different time intervals. The identified land use changes were assessed in the context of their high pressure on agricultural land. The results of the analyses showed different trends shaping the typical agrarian landscape in Goriška brda.

scholarly journals The Role Of Management Of The Field-Forest Boundary In Poland’s Process Of Agricultural Restructuring

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciszek Woch ◽  
Robert Borek
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Agricultural Restructuring ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Forest Boundary

Abstract The aim of the work described here has been to point to the relationships between the field-forest boundary and crop productivity as regards the present agrarian land-use structure in Poland, and to provide new opportunities for arranging the agrarian process and the spatial planning of the rural landscape in the context of the sustainable shaping of the field-forest boundary. Impacts of forests and woodlands on crop productivity have been assessed using available data from relevant Polish literature. An assessment of the plot-distribution pattern characterising farms in Poland was made on the basis of reference data from the Agency for the Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture. Finally, the possibility of afforestation of agricultural land has been evaluated within the existing legal framework, and on the basis of available data, with attention paid to the need to include organization of the field-forest boundary within the comprehensive management and planning of rural areas, and to preserve woody elements in patchy landscapes. This all creates an opportunity to test innovative approaches to integrated land use which combines the creation of public goods and local products based on participatory learning processes that bring in local stakeholders and decision-makers.

scholarly journals LAND USE AND PLANNING IN RURAL AREAS (A CASE STUDY OF GIEDRAIČIAI SUBDISTRICT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginija ATKOCEVIČIENĖ ◽  
Jolanta VALČIUKIENĖ ◽  
Daiva JUKNELIENĖ ◽  
Edita JUOČYTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Abandoned Land

The rational use of land should be ensured, soil-friendly agricultural branches should be developed as well as attractive environment for work, living and resting in the countryside should be created in promoting rural development in Lithuania. Areas with favourable natural conditions have a high degree of economic activity, farm size, and economic development. However, not everywhere the natural conditions for the development of agriculture are favourable. The research was carried out in the Giedraičiai rural area of Molėtai district, which deals with the factors influencing the use of land, the declared area of land, the problem of land abandonment. The methods of legal analysis, analysis of literature, analysis, comparison and aggregation of statistical data were used during the research. After the fulfilment of the analysis of the declared area of land during the period between the years 2012 and 2016, it was established that the area of agricultural land declared during the five years increased by 655 hectares, the number of farmers who declared agricultural land decreased by 104, and the number of declared parcels declined even to 1729. The process of the growing of farms is likely to occur. The area of abandoned land in Giedraičiai subdistrict reaches 300 hectares, the number of abandoned areas exceeds 800. Estimating the statistical data and solutions of the general plan of the Molėtai district area preliminary solutions for the management of the territory of the Giedraičiai subdistrict for agriculture and rural development are being provided, i.e. it is planned to implement rural development land use planning projects for the management of farms, and to select a farmhouse farm site. To reduce the abandoned land areas, it is advisable to plan forests, expand the areas of meadows and natural pastures, apply organic farming and adapt the areas for recreation.

scholarly journals Rural Areas Development Fund as a Financial Instrument for Spatial Justice in Land Use and Sustainable Rural Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Olena Borodina ◽  
◽  
Ihor Prokopa ◽  
Serhiy Kyryziuk ◽  
Viktor Yarovyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Spatial Resources

The Rural Areas Development Fund (RADF) is specified to be a part of special state and local budget funds in terms of “completing” land reform in Ukraine. The funds should be aimed at the development of local infrastructure, facilitation of local people’s access to health care and education services, support of small agricultural producers, etc. However, the sources for this Fund (RADF) is only slightly connected with land use results and other spatial resources in rural areas utilized by agricultural producers and do not include the necessity to provide their fair participation in the reproduction of these resources. The purpose of the article is to assess the formation sources of the Rural Areas Development Fund and justify their replenishment to financially ensure sustainable rural development based on spatial justice in land use. The concept of spatial justice in land use is revealed: it provides for adequate participation of agricultural producers, peasants, and society as a whole in the benefits of land use and other related spatial resources (water, air, landscapes, local infrastructure, etc.) and the equivalent contribution of these beneficiaries in resources reproduction. It is shown that corporate economic entities in agriculture rather extract spatial resources than contribute to their reproduction, however, the contribution of family and peasant farms in the financial base for rural development is significantly higher than agricultural enterprises. The necessity of per hectare payments to the Rural Areas Development Fund by agricultural producers leasing more than 100 hectares of agricultural land is substantiated; it is proposed that the rate of these payments in the amount of not less than 1 % of the normative monetary value of land should be set by local self-government bodies.

scholarly journals A Visual Typology of Abandonment in Rural America: From End-of-Life to Treading Water, Recycling, Renaissance, and Revival

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Jason Holcomb ◽  
Paul Frederic ◽  
Stanley Brunn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Rural America ◽  
Economic Changes

The contemporary American rural landscape reflects a mix of ongoing economic changes in agricultural land use, population change, and built environments. The mix depends on past and recent change which represent landscapes of memory and silence to those experiencing economic and demographic renaissance. We develop a typology of five stages that reflect the contemporary rural scene and conduct field transects in Northwest Iowa and Central Maine. Features of the dynamics in rural America are evident in photographs of residences, land use changes, and commercial structure. The study calls for additional studies on rural settlement populations, economies, and society in different environmental settings.

scholarly journals URBANIZATION AND LAND USE CHANGES IN RURAL TOWN: GUAR CEMPEDAK, KEDAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghapar Othman ◽  
Kausar Hj. Ali ◽  
Izuandi Yin ◽  
Mou Leong Tan ◽  
Nurul Hanisah Mohd Jizan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Rural Settlements

The change in land uses in rural areas is often associated with urbanization process. However, urbanization and industrialization also caused dramatic changes in the land use of rural areas and small towns, where a significant loss of agricultural land and an increase in the construction of rural settlements have led to transformation from non-built-up to built-up land uses. Factors influencing this transformation are many, ranging from physical, economic, social and environmental reasons. This paper intends to study land use changes from 2006 to 2020, determine land use growth parameters, and establish whether the identified physical factors conform to the land use growth and changes in Guar Cempedak, Kedah by applying the technique of overlay, AHP and fishnet using GIS. Findings of the study show that there were significant land use changes during the period of 2006 to 2014, where commercial, institution and public facilities and transportation experienced significant increase, while non-built land uses such as forest, lost more than 90% of its area to other land uses. Distance to transport network and distance to commercial activities identified as the main influencing factors, have been found to be consistent with the result of intensity analysis on land use changes in this small town.

scholarly journals LAND USE CHANGES IN RURAL TOWN: A CASE STUDY OF KUALA NERANG, KEDAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghapar Othman ◽  
Nurul Hanisah Jizan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Rural Town ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Urbanization is the process of transforming a characteristically rural society into an urban one. The urban population is growing at an increasing rate while the rural population is declining, giving rise to imbalances in the development between urban and rural areas. The government’s strategy is to distribute the development to the major settlement centres in the rural areas, which are experiencing the same effects of urbanization as the urban areas in terms of changes to the use of land, especially the reduction of agricultural land and the increase in built-up areas. This study used the method of overlay in GIS applications to investigate land use changes, the speed of urban expansion and direction of development that has taken place from the period 2001 to 2018 in the town of Kuala Nerang, Kedah. This town has undergone a change in its status from a main settlement centre to a district administrative centre. Agricultural lands, which were targeted for development in the rural areas, have been converted into built-up areas. The speed of urban expansion has been slow, although some areas have recorded a higher rate. The development is moving towards the west along the main road connecting the major towns in this part of the state. The functions of the district administrative centre have influenced land use changes.

The Research on "Urban-Rural Field and Park" Planning Mode of Chongqing New Countryside Construction – Taking Qianqiu Village as a Case on Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1617-1621
Author(s):  
Yu Hui Xu ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
De Cheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Park Planning ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
New Countryside Construction ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
New Countryside

Based on the overall urban-rural development, through analyzing the issues and their causes during the exploration of Chongqing new countryside construction, the paper discuss a new mode of “urban-rural field and park” planning in countryside construction. Taking Qianqiu Village as a case on study, the article proposes the planning mode which is coordinating of “three types of plans” as guarantee, interacting primary with tertiary industry as guidance, combining function and industry to efficient land use, taking a cluster layout of "House - Park - Field" to integrating rural landscape. So as to resolve the abuse caused by urban-rural spatial differentiation, integrate urban-rural living, production, and promote urban-rural development.

APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) AND ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) TECHNIQUE TO STUDY LAND USE CHANGES IN PENDANG, KEDAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghapar Othman ◽  
Kausar Hj Ali ◽  
Wan Mohammad Fazil Asli
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Urban Land Use

Urbanization process has a significant impact on land use planning. It not only affects major cities but also extends to small towns in rural areas where it has a significant role in providing urban services to rural communities. The expansion of urban areas also resulted in the loss of many agricultural lands as well as forests that are rich in natural resources. In both instances, the land use composition is substantially affected. This study uses a "mixed method approach" combining GIS spatial analysis and AHP technique to study land use changes, identify land use growth parameters, determine land use growth suitability areas and identify the direction of urban land use development. The study area is the town of Pendang, which is the main administrative centre for Pendang District, Kedah. The main findings of the study show that changes were not that significant during the period between 2005 to 2012. However, significant land use changes occurred during the period of 2012 to 2020, especially in agricultural land use, vacant land and even water bodies. These land use changes have contributed to the increase in built-up areas. The direction of development is seen heading north, south and southwest of the study area. Accessibility is a major factor influencing the growth of land use and development direction in the study area.

scholarly journals The Influence of Spatial Urbanization to Regional Condition in Periurban Areas of Yogyakarta

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Andri Kurniawan ◽  
Bambang Sriyanto Eko Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
Urban Characteristics

It is interesting to study periurban areas because of its transitional characteristic. Periurban areas undergo dynamic changes as a result of spatial urbanization. This study is aimed at: (1) examining the development pattern of spatial urbanization in Yogyakarta and finding out the influential determinant factors; (2) examining the dynamics of land use changes in periurban areas and finding out the resultant impacts; (3) examining the pattern and development of services (infrastructures) and finding out the determinant factors supporting the development of services (infrastructures) in periurban areas; (4) examining the role of the development of periurban services (infrastructures) as magnetic forces for periurban development; and (5) making policies concerning periurban development and management in order to achieve optimal development and to balance the functions of urban and rural areas. The methods used in this research are secondary data analyses and aerial photo interpretation. This study applies secondary data analysis by comparing the data to find out the extent of the changes. Descriptive statistics, scaling, and discri-minant analysis are used as the analytical techniques to find out the determinant factors of urban growth in periurban areas. Spatially, urbanization in Yogyakarta periurban areas tends to move toward the western part (Ngestiharjo village), northern part (Catur Tunggal village) and eastern part (Banguntapan village). Besides centrifugal forces, the development of built land and urban characteristics in the western, northern and eastern parts are also influenced by the main roads (corridors) from Yogyakarta to Kaliurang, from Yogyakarta to Wates, and from Yogyakarta to Solo. The existence of the corridors prompts the functions of trade and services which, in turn, trigger the development of the surrounding housing complex. On the contrary, in the southern and south-east part of Yogyakarta the activities of service have not yet well-developed and neither have the new housing complex. The development of number and density population are variables determining urban development in Yogyakarta periurban areas. The dynamics of land use changes in Yogyakarta periurban areas are characterized by the decrease in agricultural land (6.46 % per year) and the increase in built land. The decrease in agricultural land reduces the sustainability of agricultural environment. Agricultural production can no longer satisfy periurban people’s needs for food. The different strength in interaction results in the difference in the facilities of service (infrastructure) between periurban areas. The periurban dynamics in Yogyakarta are also characterized by the increase in function and sustainability of services. The development of service (infrastructure) in Yogyakarta periurban areas have a lot of impacts especially those related to the increase in urban characteristics. In some parts of periurban areas, there is a relation between the increase in service provision and the development of urban characteristics.

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