The Impact of the Suramadu Bridge on Rural Poverty in Kabupaten Bangkalan, East Java, Indonesia

SummarySubject and purpose of work: This research was conducted to measure the influence of the Suramadu Bridge on the reduction of rural poverty and to determine the impact of production factors such as physical capital, natural capital, human capital and financial capital on poverty before and after the Suramadu Bridge began operating in Kabupaten Bangkalan.Materials and methods: This study adapted the model used by Nashwari et al (2017) which was analysed applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The data from Village Potential 2007 and 2017 was used in the research.Results: Many production factors in the village did not have a significant effect on the poverty reduction before the Suramadu Bridge began operating. After the Suramadu Bridge opened, it has had a significant negative impact on poverty. The number of farmers, rice fields, non-agricultural activities, superior products, skills facilities and credit facilities has a significant positive effect on the reduction of the poverty level.Conclusions: The existence of the Suramadu Bridge has increased the influence of production factors in the villages on the poverty reduction in Kabupaten Bangkalan.

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The Impact of Suramadu Bridge on Rural Poverty in Kabupaten Bangkalan, East Java, Indonesia

KnE Social Sciences ◽

10.18502/kss.v4i7.6848 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

C. Henry Kusumas Karyadinata ◽

M. Pudjihardjo . ◽

Asfi Manzilati ◽

Wildan Syafitri

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Natural Capital ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Physical Capital ◽

Poverty Level ◽

Limited Mobility ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

Poverty can be found in a developing country especially in the rural area, including Kabupaten Bangkalan, East Java, Indonesia. One of the reasons is the limited mobility and accessibility. To overcome this problem, the government has built the Suramadu bridge which connects Kabupaten Bangkalan in Madura island with Kota Surabaya in Java Island so that the mobility and accessibility in both areas can be better. This study aims at measuring how big the impact of Suramadu bridge development on rural poverty in Kabupaten Bangkalan, using village potential data in 2007 and 2017 by Badan Pusat Statistik (Central Agency of Statistic). The dependent variable is the amount of poor population and the independent variable consists of physical capital, human capital, natural capital and financial capital which analyzed by using OLS. Suramadu bridge has negative impact on poverty which means after the Suramadu bridge operates, the poverty level in rural area is decreased. Before the Suramadu bridge operates, it was only natural capital that gives impact on poverty while after the Suramadu bridge operates, all of the independent variables give an impact on poverty reduction. The existence of Suramadu bridge can ease the government on issuing the poverty reduction policy in rural area. Keywords: Poverty, Infrastructure, Village, Regional

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Analisis Variabel Sosial Ekonomi Terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia

ISOQUANT : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi ◽

10.24269/iso.v5i1.636 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Dinar Melani Hutajulu ◽

Yustirania Septiani ◽

Jesika Melina Simamora

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Wage Inequality ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Percent Level ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Least Square ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Poverty Level

Indonesia's poverty condition in March 2019 recorded at 9.41 percent. Supposedly, Indonesia reaches the RPJMN target where the poverty level is planned at a 7-8 percent level. The High levels of rural poverty compared to urban areas exceeded the percentage of national poverty. Low wages are also an indication that the problem of poverty occurs continuously. The purpose of this research is to know how socio-economic variables such as human development, unemployment, wage, and inequality can affect poverty reduction in Indonesia. This research uses secondary data obtained from the website of Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the Databoks Katadata website. This study uses cross-section data with 34 provincial observations in the year 2019. This research used econometric methodologies with the regression of Ordinary Least Square as an analysis tool. This research show that poverty in Indonesia is still very dominant in the island of Papua, in the provinces of Papua and West Papua and in the island of Nusa Tenggara, in the provinces of West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara. Human development has a negative effect where every human development increase by 1 percent will reduce poverty in Indonesia by 5.69 percent. The declining unemployment rate has contributed to poverty reduction in Indonesia by 0.34 percent. Wages, in this case, can reduce poverty. Increasing wages by 1 percent can reduce poverty by 1.08 percent and vice versa. Reducing inequality by 1 percent can reduce poverty by up to 1.88 percent.Keywords: poverty, HDI, unemployment, wage, inequality

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Earnings Management: The Moderating Role of Family Ownership

10.34091/ajss.12.1.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asif Saeed ◽

Aijaz Mustafa Hashmi ◽

Attiya Yasmin Javid

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Earnings Management ◽

Family Firms ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Least Square ◽

Family Ownership ◽

Corporate Social ◽

The Impact

This study aims to explore the impact of family ownership on the relationship among corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earning management (EM) in Pakistan. Data is collected from nonfinancial listed firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE) for the period 2009-2017. Our results of pooled ordinary least square regression indicate that CSR has significant negative impact on EM. Furthermore, results also indicate that association between CSR and EM is moderated by family ownership. Family firms which perform CSR activities are less involved in EM as compare to nonfamily firms perform CSR activities. This variation in behavior of EM in family and non-family firms can possibly be explained by socioemotional wealth theory. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Earnings Management, Family Ownership

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Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150919846814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1282-1291

Author(s):

Sanjay Dhamija ◽

Ravinder Kumar Arora

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Payout Policy ◽

Tax Law ◽

Dividend Payout ◽

Inside Ownership ◽

Regulatory Changes ◽

Before And After ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Dividend Tax

The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.

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SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH MICRO CREDIT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

10.36106/ijar/0313846 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 58-60

Author(s):

T. Indumathi ◽

G. Savaraiah

Keyword(s):

Rural Women ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Economic Empowerment ◽

Political Empowerment ◽

The Poor ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Micro Credit

The World Bank's Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project supports the self helf groups of the women members. It promotes women's social, economic, legal and political empowerment to reduce poverty among the poor and the poorest of the poor. The important object of this article is to examine the impact of micronance on the socio economic empowerment of the rural women supported by the national reputed NGO- Rashtriya Seva Samithi (RASS). 184 women members of the SHGs promoted by Rasthriya Seva Samathi (RASS) an NGO which located in Tirupati town. 184 samples are selected randomly from 15 SHGs scattered throughout the Tirupati rural mandal (Taluk) from the area of the study have been considered to conduct the present research study. The study reveals that 87.71 percent of the sample women were below the poverty line before joining the SHGs. As a result of SHG, about 40 percent of the sample women crossed the poverty line. The highest intensive value indicates that more women have participated in social agitations for the welfare of the children and the society. The second highest intensity reveals that considerable numbers of women of SHGs have participated in the government sponsored schemes. The 1st point secured 3rd rank with total intensity value of 605 which status that the micro credit has resulted in increased social status and empowerment.

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The Impact of the Capture of Leaders of Criminal Organizations on the Labor Market: Evidence from Mexico

10.36095/banxico/di.2021.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Osuna Gómez ◽

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Census Data ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Difference Analysis ◽

Criminal Organizations ◽

Before And After ◽

Economic Census ◽

The Difference ◽

Integral Assessment ◽

The Impact

This paper estimates the impact of the capture of leaders of criminal organizations on the labor market in municipalities where these organizations operated between 2004 and 2006. The difference-in-difference analysis compares different employment outcomes in cartel locations and the rest, before and after the capture of cartel leaders. The results show that captures caused a decrease in nominal wages and paid employment in cartel municipalities. Using Economic Census Data, I find that captures also caused a fall in the number of establishments and had a negative impact on other establishment outcomes. This document focuses exclusively on the impact of the capture of leaders of criminal organizations on the labor market until 2011 without studying other possible consequences, and thus does not make an integral assessment of this policy

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ROLE CONFLICT AND ROLE AMBIGUITY ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT INTERNAL AUDITORS: THE DETERMINANT AND IMPACTS

Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business ◽

10.22146/jieb.10320 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Agil Novriansa ◽

Bambang Riyanto

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Job Performance ◽

Role Conflict ◽

Role Ambiguity ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Internal Auditors ◽

The Impact

The bureaucratic reform at the local government level in Indonesia that was instituted in 2012 has turned local government internal auditors into an important part of government governance systems. The role of local government internal auditors has been expanded to include not only the area of audit oversight, but also the areas of anti-corruption-related and consulting activities. These fundamental changes may potentially induce role conflict and role ambiguity among internal auditors. The objective of this study is to examine empirically the determinants and consequences of role conflict and role ambiguity among local government internal auditors. More specifically, this study attempts to examine the extent to which formalization determines role conflict and role ambiguity; it further tests the impact of role conflict and role ambiguity on commitment to independence and job performance. Questionnaires were distributed to 248 local government internal auditors from 12 Regional Inspectorates in the provinces of Yogyakarta, South Sumatra, and East Java. A total of 176 responses were received, and 124 useable responses from the 176 responses were analysed to test the hypotheses. Using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square the results show that: formalization is negatively related to role conflict and role ambiguity; role ambiguity has a negative impact on commitment to independence; role conflict has a positive impact on job performance; and role ambiguity has a negative impact on job performance. These findings serve as important external validity evidence on the phenomena associated with role conflict and role ambiguity that occur in the public sector, especially among internal auditors at local government institutions.Keywords: role conflict, role ambiguity, local government, internal auditors

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The Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Pre-Existing Gingival Recessions: A Retrospective Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11199036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 9036

Author(s):

Guostė Antanavičienė ◽

Eglė Zasčiurinskienė ◽

Dalia Smailienė ◽

Nomeda Basevičienė

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Open Bite ◽

Class Iii ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mandibular Teeth ◽

The Impact ◽

Plaster Models

(1) Background: This retrospective study aimed to examine the change of gingival recessions (GR) before and after orthodontic treatment (OT). (2) Methods: Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. (3) Results: Significant improvement of mean GR at patient level was found between T0 and T1 (0.45 mm, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.62) (p < 0.001). In 51.4% of patients GRs became better, in 37.8% GRs did not change. and in 10.8% GRs became worse. At tooth level the mean GR improvement was 0.54 mm (CI: 0.42, 0.65; median 0.55 mm Q1; Q3: 0.12, 0.96) (p < 0.001). GR improved in 67 teeth (58.7%), did not change in 41 (36.0%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Full healing was observed in 15 teeth. A reduced GR improvement was found in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.89; CI: 1.35, 11.16; p = 0.008) and dental Class III patients (OR 2.6; CI: 1.11, 6.0; p = 0.026). (4) Conclusion: There was an improvement of GR after OT in more than half of the patients. Class III malocclusion and reduced pre-treatment overbite had a negative impact on GR improvement.

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Does Agricultural Performance Contribute to Rural Poverty Reduction in Indonesia?

JEJAK ◽

10.15294/jejak.v13i1.20178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 69-83

Author(s):

Muhammad Amir Arham ◽

Ahmad Fadhli ◽

Sri Indriyani Dai

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Income Distribution ◽

Government Policy ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Poor People ◽

Poverty Level ◽

Agricultural Performance

Agriculture is the primary sector in many provinces in Indonesia. In fact, most of the rural communities work in the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, the poverty level in rural areas remains high. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the performance of the agricultural sector in reducing the rural poverty level in Indonesia, and to investigate factors that contribute as a determinant in reducing rural poverty level in Indonesia. This study was significant, considering that the result was to contribute to government policy evaluation in the agricultural sector, especially in reducing poverty in rural areas. This study used quantitative analysis through multiple regressions with data panel from 2014 to 2017 from 33 provinces in Indonesia. This study revealed that the increase of agricultural sector share and the widening of the income distribution had caused an increase in poor people in a rural area. This finding also revealed that the income distribution gap was a determinant to the severity of rural poverty. The growth in the agricultural sector to contribute toward the economy could reduce rural poverty level in Indonesia. Meanwhile, agricultural financing, economic growth, inflation, and the farmer exchange rate had not significantly contributed to reducing the poverty level.

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The Impact of Social Transfers on Income Poverty and Material Deprivation

Decent Incomes for All ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190849696.003.0005 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 85-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Geranda Notten ◽

Anne-Catherine Guio

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Material Deprivation ◽

Income Poverty ◽

The European Union ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Before And After ◽

Social Transfers ◽

The Impact

In 2010, the European Union (EU) committed to lifting at least 20 million people out of poverty and social exclusion, using income poverty, severe material deprivation, and (quasi-)joblessness as metrics to measure progress on this goal. As part of a broader set of commonly agreed indicators, the EU also (crudely) measures the impact of transfers by comparing income poverty rates before and after social transfers. This chapter develops a regression approach to study the effects of transfers on material deprivation by predicting the material deprivation rate before social transfers. We apply the method to pre-recession and post-austerity EU-SILC data for Germany, Greece, Poland, and the United Kingdom. We find that, in addition to reducing income poverty, transfers substantially reduce the extent and depth of material deprivation. Changes in social transfers, therefore, have a twofold effect on Europe’s poverty-reduction target.

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