scholarly journals Successful Management of Settlements to Boost Rural Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-833
Author(s):  
Tamás Tóth ◽  
József Káposzta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Leadership Management ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract The paper summarizes and provides and overview on the economic and social processes influencing and supporting the successful management of settlements, focusing on Hungary. The role of leadership and settlement management is inevitable in the everyday operation as well as in the definition and realization of development concepts and strategies. The basis of stable operation and development is the financial independency and stability, thus we need to call the attention on the importance of economic development functions of settlements as well as on the important role of mayors and leaders in the economic and spatial development. The approaches, the ideas as well as the way how the leaders think are all determining factors in development. Nowadays, settlement development and regional economic development raise such key issues that are also the main research questions in our paper, like „What does a good municipality/a good settlement look like? How can ‘good’ be described?” What are the main characteristics of a suitable leader in the case of settlements? It is known that there are no targeted trainings, courses for mayors/heads of municipalities to prepare them to be good leaders, there are no nationally or internationally acknowledged skills, competences that could be applied to select the most suitable leaders for the positions. Therefore, we believe that we must call the attention to this shortage and motivate the experts in public administration, the researchers and scientists, as well as trainers and coaches to cooperate and work on the solution. In this paper, through the dimension of leadership/management, we intend to discover the characteristics of successful community leaders and to focus on the importance of the activities of ‘local heroes’, who prove to have strong commitment to the development of settlements.

Strengths of Online Travel Agencies From the Perspective of the Digital Tourist

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Marzo-Navarro ◽  
Carmen Berne-Manero ◽  
María Gómez-Campillo ◽  
Marta Pedraja-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agencies

Recent tourism literature reviews the movement of the current distribution landscape toward disintermediation as the Internet and mobile technologies provide consumers with more and more tools for researching suppliers/providers and purchasing products and services directly. This calls into question the necessity and role of retailers in the industry. Focusing on online travel agencies (OTAs), this chapter is aimed at solving three main research questions: What is the current position of online tourism retailers as indirect channels in the online tourism distribution system? What are the strengths of OTAs as seen by their customers? and How should OTAs face the future? A database drawn from a survey of Spanish digital tourists is used to illustrate the initial theoretical discussion and concluding remarks.

Trust and Social Capital

2009 ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Ben Kei Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Trusting Relationships ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Computational Systems

Regardless of any approach taken for examining social capital, researchers continuously converge on some key issues such as trust and yet diverge on several others about concrete and consistent indicators for measuring social capital. Many researchers believe that presence or absences of social capital can be solely linked to trusting relationships people build with each other as well as social institutions of civil engagement. It is not clearly known however, whether trust itself is a precondition for generating social capital or whether there are other intermediary variables that can influence the role of trust in creating social capital. In addition, similar to social capital, the definition of trust is problematic and it remains a nebulous concept and equally, with many dimensions. Interests in the analysis of trust are wide spread among many disciplines, notably policy analysis, economic development, reliability and security of distributed computational systems and many others. The variety of approaches currently employed to investigate trust and different interpretations of its role in fostering social capital has resulted into a diverse array of knowledge about the concept and its relationship to social capital. This Chapter provides a broader overview of work on trust. It discusses how researchers have used trust as a proxy for measuring social capital.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Local Economic Development (LED) for Sustainable Development and Poverty Alleviation in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Linake Nthekeleng
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study aims to assess Local Economic Development (LED) for sustainable development and poverty alleviation in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The main objective of the study was to  investigate the catalytic role of LED strategies in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality and their potential to promote sustainable development and alleviate poverty. The research questions seeks to discover what LED strategies are employed by Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality to promote sustainable development and alleviate poverty, as well as what challenges does Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality face in implementing LED strategies for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaire which were distributed to the employees in the LED department of the municipality, community members and businesses around the municipality.

Cabinet Decision-making in Parliamentary Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 437-459
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Vercesi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Parliamentary Systems ◽  
Research Questions

This chapter deals with the internal decision-making process of political executives in parliamentary systems, that is, how executives take their own collective decisions. The focus is on the cabinet system as a whole, including both cabinet members and other involved party-political and bureaucratic actors. In particular, the chapter reviews literature’s debates about the nature of cabinet government, the role of prime ministers, and variations of decision-making. A special attention is payed to factors explaining intra-cabinet power distribution and the choice of different decision-making arenas. After introducing the topic, an overview of conceptual issues and main research questions is provided. Subsequently, the work discusses the way in which scholars have addressed these issues and the findings they have reached. The final part stresses existing deficits and seeks to set the agenda for future research.

scholarly journals Intuitive Feeling of Closeness to Solution Preceding Insight in Anagram Tasks

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Alexey Medyntsev ◽  
◽  
Alena Kogan ◽  
Pavel Sabadosh ◽  
Olga Dyatlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Unconscious Processing ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Difference

One of the main research questions related to creativity is the dilemma of specificity vs. non-specificity of the mechanisms underlying insight solutions as compared to analytical solutions of a problem. The first goal of our study was to verify insight solution specificity on solving anagram tasks. The second goal was to test a hypothesis about the existence of unconscious processing prior to insight solutions. We presented two types of stimuli to participants: anagrams and pseudowords. During the experiment, participants had to perform two successive tasks. First they had to judge whether they were being shown an anagram or a pseudoword, and then they had to solve the anagram. Anagrams and pseudowords differed in some visual features, of which the participants were not aware. It was expected that unconscious processing (if it exists) would be influenced by the implicit difference between the appearance of stimulus categories. During the solving process, participants had to rate how close they were to a solution. After a successful solution, they also had to indicate which way they found it: analytically or with insight. Our results showed that prior to an insight solution, participants felt that they were farther from the final solution than in the case of an analytical solution. These results confirm Metcalfe and Wiebe’s (1987) conclusions on the difference between insight and analytical solutions. According to these data, we can propose different specific mechanisms for insight solutions and analytical solutions in anagram tasks. At the same time, the presence of visual differences between stimulus categories did not influence the anagram solving process. The current results did not show evidence for an important role of unconscious processing before insight solutions of anagrams

scholarly journals Boundaries From Borders: Cross-Border Relationships in the Context of the Mental Perception of a Borderline – Experiences from Spanish-French and Polish-German Border Twin Towns

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Markuszewska ◽  
Minna Tanskanen ◽  
Josep Vila Subirós
Keyword(s):  
Social Bonds ◽  
Principal Point ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Mental Perception

Abstract In this paper, the borderlands, in the context of the psychological perception of frontiers, were presented. The common relationships between different nationalities living in border twin towns was a principal point of analysis. During the investigation two main research questions were asked: Is a frontier a barrier or a bridge in the common relationships between nationalities living on both sides of the borderline? and Does the trans-border casual social integration stimulate openness to neighbours? The study was conducted in two double towns: la Jonquera (Els límits) - Le Perthus at the Spanish-French border and Słubice - Frankfurt-am-Oder at the Polish-German border. The data were gathered from surveys by questioning locals and visitors during street polling. The design of the questionnaire included three main groups of questions relating to: 1) the perception of the borderline and the role of the border twin towns, 2) the attitude towards neighbours and identification with the borderlands, and 3) the future of the borderline in the context of the twin towns existence and cross-border linkages. The results showed that the historical circumstances and cultural background play a crucial role in the current bilateral interrelations between nations sharing the common space of the twin towns. These two aspects of the borderland have an influence on the psychological perception of the border that creates mental boundaries in local societies. However, as the results proved, the necessity of living together pushed locals to be more open-minded, which as a consequence supported the establishment of social bonds.

scholarly journals African Christianities and the politics of development from below

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afe Adogame
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Role Of Religion

Religion and development are two ambiguous phenomena, yet we can map their creative interaction and intricate interconnectedness. In public discourse, ideas about development generally undermine the complex role of religion, or it is assumed that religion would be relegated to a matter of private belief in Africa, as secular states burgeoned, or even saw religion as an obstacle to development. Development was largely conceived of primarily in economic terms or as economic development. In contemporary era, the concept of human development has come into vogue, accentuating aspects of people’s lives that go beyond the economic dimension. There is no gainsaying in the fact that religion has been a dynamic entity and remains a growing force in public life in Africa. This article critiques vague definitions of religion and development and contends that human development should be understood as including the religious and spiritual dimension of life. Drawing upon concrete examples from my religious ethnography, the article seeks to explore the ambivalent role of religion in Africa’s development, and Africa’s development within the purview of the everyday lived religious and spiritual dimensions of life.

THE ROLE OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATIONAL CAPITAL GROUPS FROM HIGH AND LOW TECHNOLOGY SECTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Melnarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Questions

This article presents the analyses the role of M&A transactions in the development of operational capital groups from the perspective of high and low technology sectors. Two main research questions were asked: 1. what is the role of M&A in the development and competitiveness of operational capital groups; 2. is there specificity in the role of M&A transactions of operational capital groups in high and low technology sectors? The purpose of this article is to tentatively find, based on two case studies, the specific role of mergers and acquisitions in the development of operational capital groups in low and high technology sectors. In order to initially answer the questions asked, two case studies, one each from the high-tech and low-tech sectors, were conducted. Finally, it was recommended that a larger study be conducted on operational capital groups, which could confirm the validity of the preliminary answers to the research questions asked.

scholarly journals Everyday life under the PIDE: A quantitative survey on the relations between ordinary citizens and Salazar’s political police (1955–74)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Simpson ◽  
Ana Louceiro
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Portuguese Society ◽  
Ordinary Citizens

This article examines the relations between Portuguese society and Salazar’s political police (PIDE) from the perspective of the everyday lives of ordinary citizens – in contrast to the small minority of oppositionists that has so far monopolized the attention of historians. It is based on a quantitative survey of 400 respondents in four separate locations across Portugal and addresses two main research questions: To what extent did the sample of ordinary citizens experience the PIDE as a disruptive influence on their daily lives? Was the PIDE ‘normalized’ by them as part of the framework of everyday life? The data analysis calls upon the inputs of the international bibliography of everyday life under dictatorship and critically engages with the existing historiography of the PIDE.

scholarly journals From Emerging to Developed Market: The Neoinstitutional Approach Based on the Case of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Jan Derkacz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Polish Economy

Background. The issue of economic growth is still an important area of economic research. This topic is crucial for the economic sciences as well as for economic policy practice. Let this statement be the most important assumption in this arti­cle. Everything that happens in the economy concerns socio-economic phenomena. The main scientific problem comes down to the question of what is the role of in­stitutional factors in the socio-economic development of Poland? Research aims. The author set himself two main aims. The first aim is an at­tempt to present institutional determinants that affect the socio-economic devel­opment of the Polish economy. The second is an attempt to present the devel­opment of the Polish economy by setting it against the background of selected European countries. Methodology. This work uses a modified taxonomic development measure meth­od based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The research was embedded in the current of new institutional eco­nomics. The concept of the institutional matrix was also used. Key findings. Analyses conducted have facilitated the creation of an overview of the socio-economic development of the Polish economy. This was illustrated by the average socio-economic development index (ASEDI). Taxonomic measures of development were also calculated for all 10 of the economies analyzed. The main research time horizon is 2008–2018. Part of the collected data enabled anal­ysis of the period 1995–2018. The results of research and analyses have shown that selected institutional factors significantly affect the final level and quality of socio-economic development of Poland in comparison with selected European countries.

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