Timing of the Middle Miocene Badenian Stage of the Central Paratethys

Abstract A new and precisely defined chronometric subdivision of the Badenian (Middle Miocene, regional stage of Central Paratethys) is proposed. This uses global events, mainly geomagnetic polarity reversals as correlated chronometric boundaries, supported by climatic and sea-level changes in addition to isotope events and biostratigraphic data. The Karpatian/ Badenian boundary lies at 16.303 Ma, at the top of Chron C5Cn.2n, which is near the base of the Praeorbulina sicana Lowest-occurrence Zone (LOZ). The Badenian/Sarmatian boundary is placed at the top of polarity Chron C5Ar.2n, thus at 12.829 Ma. In relation to three sea level cycles TB 2.3, TB 2.4 and TB 2.5 and astronomically confirmed data, the Badenian can be divided into three parts of nearly equivalent duration. The Early Badenian as newly defined here ranges from 16.303 to 15.032 Ma (top of polarity Chron C5Bn.2n). The younger boundary correlates roughly to the base of the planktonic foraminifera Orbulina suturalis LOZ at 15.10 Ma, the HO (Highest Occurrence) of the nannofossil Helicosphaera ampliaperta at 14.91 Ma (NN4/NN5 boundary) and the Lan2/Ser1 sequence boundary at 14.80 Ma. The subsequent Mid Badenian ranges from 15.032 Ma to 13.82 Ma; the latter datum correlates with the base of the Serravallian, characterized by a strong global cooling event reflected in the oxygen isotope event Mi3b. The main part of cycle TB 2.4 falls into the Mid Badenian, which can be subdivided by a short cooling event at 14.24 Ma during the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (14.70 to 13.82 Ma). The HCO (Highest common occurrence) of the nannofossil Helicosphaera waltrans at 14.357 Ma supports this division, also seen in the tropical plankton Zones M6 Orbulina suturalis LOZ and M7 Fohsella peripheroacuta LOZ that correspond roughly to the lower and upper Lagenidae zones in the Vienna Basin, respectively. The Late Badenian is delimited in time at the base to 13.82 Ma by the Langhian/Serravallian boundary and at the top by the top of polarity Chron C5Ar.2n at 12.829 Ma. The Mediterranean Langhian/Serravallian boundary can be equated with the Mid/Late Badenian boundary at 13.82 Ma. However, the Karpatian/Badenian boundary at 16.303 Ma, a significant event easily recognizable in biostratigraphy, paleoclimate evolution and sequence stratigraphy, cannot be equated with the proposed global Burdigalian/Langhian, and thus Early/Middle Miocene boundary, at 15.974 Ma

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Chapter 6 The Loyalty Islands and Ridge, New Caledonia

Geological Society London Memoirs ◽

10.1144/m51-2017-24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 131-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. Maurizot ◽

J. Collot ◽

D. Cluzel ◽

M. Patriat

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Subduction Zone ◽

Sea Level ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Tectonic Deformation ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Volcaniclastic Rocks ◽

Carbonate Deposits

AbstractThe Loyalty Ridge lies to the east and NE of the Norfolk Ridge. The three main Loyalty Islands (Maré, Lifou and Ouvéa) emerge from the ridge at the same latitude as Grande Terre. The islands are uniformly composed of carbonate deposits, except for Maré, where Middle Miocene intra-plate basalts and associated volcaniclastic rocks form restricted outcrops. Miocene rhodolith limestones constitute the bulk of the carbonate cover of the three islands. On Maré, these platform accumulations are locally topped by a dolomitic hardground, which, in turn, is covered by Pliocene–Pleistocene coral-bearing formations. These coral reef constructions are preserved as elevated rims over all three islands and define an atoll stage in their development. The Pleistocene–Holocene palaeoshoreline indicators include fringing bioconstructions and marine notches and record both eustatic sea-level changes and tectonic deformation. The ridge has been in the forebulge region in front of the active Vanuatu subduction zone since the Pliocene and each of the three islands has been uplifted and tilted to varying degrees. Offshore, the Loyalty Ridge continues northwards to the d'Entrecasteaux Zone and southwards to the Three Kings Ridge. Although typically volcanic, the nature of the deep Loyalty Ridge remains unknown.

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Discovery of the Badenian evaporites inside the Carpathian Arc: implications for global climate change and Paratethys salinity

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.1515/geoca-2017-0015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 193-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Katalin Báldi ◽

Felicitász Velledits ◽

Stjepan Ćorić ◽

Viktor Lemberkovics ◽

Katalin Lőrincz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

Global Climate ◽

Great Plain ◽

Geological Record ◽

Central Paratethys ◽

Growing Body ◽

Climate Transition

Abstract Massive evaporites were discovered in the Soltvadkert Trough (Great Plain, Hungary) correlating to the Badenian Salinity Crisis (13.8 Ma, Middle Miocene) on the basis of nannoplankton and foraminifera biostratigraphy. This new occurrence from Hungary previously thought to be devoid of evaporites is part of a growing body of evidence of evaporitic basins inside the Carpathian Arc. We suggest the presence of evaporites perhaps in the entire Central Paratethys during the salinity crisis. Different scenarios are suggested for what subsequently happened to these evaporites to explain their presence or absence in the geological record. Where they are present, scenario A suggests that they were preserved in subsiding, deep basins overlain by younger sediments that protected the evaporites from reworking, like in the studied area. Where they are absent, scenario B suggests recycling. Scenario B explains how the supposedly brackish Sarmatian could have been hyper/normal saline locally by providing a source of the excess salt from the reworking and dissolving of BSC halite into seawater. These scenarios suggest a much larger amount of evaporites locked up in the Central Paratethys during the salinity crisis then previously thought, probably contributing to the step-like nature of cooling of the Mid Miocene Climate Transition, the coeval Mi3b.

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A late Burdigalian bathyal mollusc fauna from the Vienna Basin (Slovakia)

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.2478/v10096-011-0018-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 211-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mathias Harzhauser ◽

Oleg Mandic ◽

Jan Schlögl

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Deep Water ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

First Record ◽

Early Miocene ◽

Vienna Basin ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Central Paratethys ◽

Aquitaine Basin

A late Burdigalian bathyal mollusc fauna from the Vienna Basin (Slovakia)This is the first record of a bathyal mollusc fauna from the late Early Miocene of the Central Paratethys. The assemblage shows clear affinities to coeval faunas of the Turin Hills in the Mediterranean area and the Aquitaine Basin in France. The overall biostratigraphic value of the assemblage is hard to estimate due to the general very poor knowledge of Miocene bathyal faunas. Several species, however, are known from deep water deposits of the Middle Miocene Badenian stage as well. This implies Early Miocene roots of parts of the Middle Miocene deep water fauna and suggests a low turnover for bathyal mollusc communities at the Early-Middle Miocene boundary. The nassariid gastropodNassarius janschloegliHarzhauser nov. sp. and the naticid gastropodPolinices cerovaensisHarzhauser nov. sp. are introduced as new species.

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Late Badenian foraminifers from the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys): stable isotope study and paleoecological implications

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.2478/v10096-009-0006-3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 59-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Patrícia Kováčová ◽

Natália Hudáčková

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Water Column ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

Vienna Basin ◽

Central Paratethys ◽

Globigerina Bulloides ◽

Isotope Study ◽

Vital Effects ◽

Stable Isotope Study

Late Badenian foraminifers from the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys): stable isotope study and paleoecological implicationsPaleoecological interpretations based on stable isotope study of benthic (Uvigerina semiornata) and planktonic (Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides trilobus) foraminiferal shells from the Paratethys Vienna Basin (southwestern Slovakia) are presented. The study was performed on sediments of the Devínska Nová Ves-clay pit deposited during the Middle and Late Badenian (Middle Miocene). Our δ13C data show an enhanced nutrient input to the water column and the organic matter accumulation at the bottom of the Vienna Basin. The remineralization of accumulated organic matter on the sea floor resulted in the formation of oxygen-depleted zones, where no oxic indicators but the oxygen-deficiency tolerant species were found. Positive benthic δ18O signal can be attributed to the influence of the global cooling recognized in the world-ocean during the Middle Miocene. At the same time, variations observed in the water column are interpreted as reflecting the local temperature and salinity changes resulting from the fluvial and rain inflow. The differences between surface and bottom water temperature reflect the stratification of the water column. Such stratification might be related to the isolation process of Central Paratethys in the Badenian. This study confirms that δ13C and δ18O are not always in isotopic equilibrium with the ambient water but are also influenced by vital effects (respiration, symbiont photosynthesis …). The vital effects led to the incorporation of isotopically light metabolic CO2intoGlobigerina bulloidesresulting in high similarity between δ13C values ofUvigerinaandGlobigerina. It has been shown that the extremely high δ13C and very low δ18O ofGlobigerinoides trilobusclearly imply the influence of algal photosymbionts.

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MIOCENE NERITIC BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL COMMUNITY DYNAMICS, CALVERT CLIFFS, MARYLAND, USA: SPECIES POOL, PATTERNS AND PROCESSES

Palaios ◽

10.2110/palo.2020.069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 247-259

Author(s):

STEPHEN J. CULVER ◽

SETH R. SUTTON ◽

DAVID J. MALLINSON ◽

MARTIN A. BUZAS ◽

MARCI M. ROBINSON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Benthic Foraminifera ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Common Species ◽

Species Pool ◽

Regional Species Pool ◽

Patterns And Processes ◽

Climate Transition

ABSTRACT The presence/absence and abundance of benthic foraminifera in successive discrete beds (Shattuck “zones”) of the Miocene Calvert and Choptank formations, exposed at the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, allows for investigation of community dynamics over space and time. The stratigraphic distribution of benthic foraminifera is documented and interpreted in the context of sea-level change, sequence stratigraphy, and the previously published distribution of mollusks. Neritic benthic foraminiferal communities of four sea-level cycles over ∼4 million years of the middle Miocene, encompassing the Miocene Climatic Optimum and the succeeding middle Miocene Climate Transition, are dominated by the same abundant species. They differ in the varying abundance of common species that occur throughout most of the studied section and in the different rare species that appear and disappear. Transgressive systems tracts (TSTs) have higher species diversity than highstand systems tracts (HSTs) but much lower density of specimens. In contrast to some previous research, all beds in the studied section are interpreted as being from the inner part of a broad, low gradient shelf and were deposited at water depths of less than ∼50 m. It is suggested that species are recruited from a regional species pool of propagules throughout the duration of TSTs. Recruitment is curtailed during highstands leading to lower diversity in the HSTs.

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Eustatic and tectonic change effects in the reversion of the transcontinental Amazon River drainage system

Brazilian Journal of Geology ◽

10.1590/2317-4889201620160066 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 301-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mario Vicente Caputo ◽

Emilio Alberto Amaral Soares

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Sea Level ◽

Late Miocene ◽

Middle Miocene ◽

Drainage System ◽

Sedimentary Basins ◽

Amazon River ◽

Drainage Network ◽

Sea Level Changes

ABSTRACT: The development of the transcontinental Amazon River System involved geological events in the Andes Chain; Vaupés, Purus and Gurupá arches; sedimentary basins of the region and sea level changes. The origin and age of this river have been discussed for decades, and many ideas have been proposed, including those pertaining to it having originated in the Holocene, Pleistocene, Pliocene, Late Miocene, or even earlier times. Under this context, the geology of the sedimentary basins of northern Brazil has been analyzed from the Mesozoic time on, and some clarifications are placed on its stratigraphy. Vaupés Arch, in Colombia, was uplifted together with the Andean Mountains in the Middle Miocene time. In the Cenozoic Era, the Purus Arch has not blocked this drainage system westward to marine basins of Western South America or eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. Also the Gurupá Arch remained high up to the end of Middle Miocene, directing this drainage system westward. With the late subsidence and breaching of the Gurupá Arch and a major fall in sea level, at the beginning of the Late Miocene, the Amazon River quickly opened its pathway to the west, from the Marajó Basin, through deep headward erosion, capturing a vast drainage network from cratonic and Andean areas, which had previously been diverted towards the Caribbean Sea. During this time, the large siliciclastic influx to the Amazon Mouth (Foz do Amazonas) Basin and its fan increased, due to erosion of large tracts of South America, linking the Amazon drainage network to that of the Marajó Basin. This extensive exposure originated the Late Miocene (Tortonian) unconformity, which marks the onset of the transcontinental Amazon River flowing into the Atlantic Ocean.

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Cenozoic Benthic Foraminifera Case Histories of Paleoceanographic and Sea-Level Changes

Notes for a Short Course: Studies in Geology ◽

10.1017/s027116480000052x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 107-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kenneth G. Miller

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Benthic Foraminifera ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Planktonic Foraminifera ◽

Environmental Studies ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Case Histories ◽

Reasonable Degree ◽

Near Future ◽

And Sea Level

Since the inception of their use in commercial micropaleontology, benthic foraminifera have proven to be eminently useful in the solution of geological problems. The utilitarian credentials of benthic foraminifera in estimating paleodepths from marsh through neritic environments with a reasonable degree of accuracy and to indicate approximate ages (viz. subdivision of series/epochs) have been established in both commercial and academic applications. Benthic foraminifera are generally more resistant to dissolution than planktonic foraminifera, and have wide distributions; many taxa have restricted stratlgraphic ranges, making them suitable for correlation and paleo-environmental studies. Yet, three problems have tended to limit the utility of benthic foraminifera: 1) there is a lack of uniformity in taxonomy (Boltovskoy, 1980; Douglas & Woodruff, 1982); 2) attempts to erect zonal schemes using benthic foraminifera have resulted in boundaries which are later proven to be diachronous relative to planktonic zonatlons (e.g. the California provincial stages, Poore, 1976); and 3) attempts to interpret paleodepths from deep-sea benthic foraminifera have produced widely-varying results. One could perhaps conclude, as Boltovskoy (1965a) did over a decade ago, that these problems indicate “…the near future of this science is rather bleak.”

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