scholarly journals Localised capabilities as an intermediating factor in the transition from an old to a new development path: The case of post-socialist industrial towns

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Gwosdz ◽  
Bolesław Domański ◽  
Elżbieta Bilska-Wodecka
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Development Path ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
New Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Development Trajectories

AbstractThere are debates in the research literature about the mechanisms responsible for the formation of local development trajectories. What is emphasised, as particularly scarce, are longitudinal studies which show how historical, social and institutional structures are reproduced and/or transformed into new paths of development in the case of industrial towns. This paper aims to capture the role of various social, cultural and institutional features that constitute localised capabilities, in the process of transition from an old to a new developmental path for older industrial towns. The authors use case studies of three medium-sized industrial centres in Poland: Dzierżoniów, Starachowice and Mielec, to illustrate how localised capabilities are shaped by the interplay of earlier economic activity and the characteristics of local firms, on the one hand, and the evolving social, cultural and institutional attributes of the particular town and its region on the other. As a result, industrial towns may differ significantly in their ability to absorb exogenous impulses, as well as their capacity to transform and recombine them into a new development pathway that is more resilient than the old one.

scholarly journals A közelség szerepének újraértelmezése az innovatív üzleti kapcsolatokban (Rethinking the role of the proximity in the innovative business relationships)

2012 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Imre Lengyel ◽  
Zsolt Fenyővári ◽  
Bendedek Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Network Proximity ◽  
The One ◽  
Double Character

Az innovatív vállalati kapcsolatokkal foglalkozó vizsgálatok sokasága az innovációs folyamatok „kettősségéről” ad számot. Egyrészt felértékelődött a térbeli közelség szerepe, emiatt az innovatív vállalkozások, intézmények térben koncentrálódnak, főleg a nagyvárosokban. Másrészt szerteágazó hálózatok jöttek létre a különböző országokban működő innovatív vállalatok, intézetek között, amelyek többsége a nagy távolságok ellenére is sikeres. Mindezen megfigyelések arra utalnak, hogy pontosítani kell a közelség és távolság üzleti szerepéről vallott ismereteket a változó globalizációs feltételekhez igazítva. A szerzők tanulmányukban áttekintik a térbeli közelség szerepének főbb jellemzőit az innovatív tevékenységeken alapuló vállalati együttműködések kialakulásában és fenntartásában. A hagyományos felfogások rövid ismertetése után a „hálózati közelség”, másképpen „kapcsolati közelség” (relational proximity) egyes típusait elemzik. Részletesen kitérnek a regionális klaszterek és a lokális innovatív miliő főbb jellemzőire, amelyek a térbeli és a kapcsolati közelségekből eredő előnyöket egyaránt hasznosítják. Ezek a mérvadó nemzetközi tapasztalatok itthon is alkalmazhatók az egyetemi és vállalati együttműködések, illetve a helyi gazdaságfejlesztési és vállalkozásfejlesztési programok kidolgozásakor. ________ Multiple studies of innovative business relations give an account about „the double character” of innovative processes. On the one hand, the role of proximity has been appreciated, for this reason, the innovative companies, institutes are concentrated in space, especially in big cities. On the other hand extensive networks have been established among innovative companies, institutes operating in the different countries, most of which are successful in spite of the long distance. All these observations suggest there is a need to clarify business skills on the role of proximity and distance, tailored to the changing conditions of globalization. In their study the authors review the role of the main features of spatial proximity in formation and maintenace of corporate cooperation based on innovative activities. After a brief description of traditional concepts certain types of „network proximity” otherwise relational proximity are analyzed. They cover main features of regional clusters and the local innovative environment which utilize advantages coming both from spatial and relational proximities. This leading international experience are applicable at home as well when elaborating academic and corporate cooperation resp. local development programs for the economy and corporations.

scholarly journals O paradigma das global cities nas estratégias de desenvolvimento local

1999 ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Compans
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Global Cities ◽  
Economic Strategies ◽  
New Development ◽  
Urban Debate ◽  
International Experts

Este artigo trata das novas estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico para as cidades no contexto da reestruturação produtiva. Ele enfoca o papel atribuído às cidades como centros de gestão dos fluxos de capitais, o qual permite uma articulação entre o local e o global sem a intermediação das esferas regional e nacional. Primeiramente, apresenta as contribuições teóricas no Terceiro Mundo que mais têm influenciado o debate urbano sobre a emergência de uma economia de fluxos, cuja organização em rede impõe as cidades como nós de conexão. Em seguida, analisa a construção paradigmática das global cities, com base na generalização de alguns pressupostos teóricos e de tendências empiricamente observadas. Finalmente, examina as estratégias que estão sendo difundidas por consultores internacionais e relacionadas à vocação inexorável das cidades para o terciário avançado.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento local; gestão urbana; globalização; cidades mundiais. " The Paradigm of 'Global Cities' in Local Development Strategies" Abstract: This article discusses the new development economic strategies for cities in the productive restructuration context. It focuses the role of the great cities like management centers of the capital fluxes which allows an articulation between the local and the global spaces without the mediation of the regional and national spheres. At first it introduces some theoretical contributions about the emergence of an flux economy, which net organization format requires that the cities turn themselves connection points, as a strong influence in Third World urban debate. Afterwards it analyses the paradigmathical arrangement of the "global cities" with the support of general concepts and empirical dates. At last but not least, the paper also argues the supposed natural vocation of the cities nowadays for the advanced Tertiary, as show the several strategies diffused and recommended by international experts. Keywords: local development; urban management; globalization; global cities.

scholarly journals Socio-spatial polarisation and policy response: Perspectives for regional development in the Baltic States

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110235
Author(s):  
Thilo Lang ◽  
Donatas Burneika ◽  
Rivo Noorkõiv ◽  
Bianka Plüschke-Altof ◽  
Gintarė Pociūtė-Sereikienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

Based on a relational understanding of socio-spatial polarisation as a nested, multidimensional and multi-scalar process, the paper applies a comparative perspective on current trends of socio-spatial development in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Comparing current scholarship and data on demographic and economic processes of centralisation and peripheralisation, we also examine political debates around issues of polarisation in different scholarly national perspectives. Despite variations in national discourses, our comparative perspective conveys strong similarities between the three Baltic countries in terms of socio-economic and demographic concentration in the capital regions to the disadvantage of the rest of the country. The analysis of regional policies further points to tensions between a concern for territorial cohesion on the one hand, and an adherence to the neo-liberal logic of growth and competitiveness against the backdrop of post-socialist transition on the other hand. An overview of case studies in the three countries shows a common reliance on endogenous resources to foster local development, conforming to the neo-liberal logics of regional policy. However, these strategies remain niche models with different levels of success for the respective regions and also among the populations in the region. As a result, we argue for a stronger role of regional policy in the Baltic countries that goes beyond the capital regions by better addressing the negative consequences of uneven development.

scholarly journals Management of Conflicts Linked to Pastoral Resource Organizations in the El-Bayadh Region (Case of Brézina), Algeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Mekhloufi Moulay Brahim ◽  
Mohamed Khader ◽  
Tayeb Nouri ◽  
Houari Khadidja ◽  
Zache Khadidja
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
The One ◽  
Joint Classification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

Economic, social and political transformations have a manifest effect on the relationships that the various actors have with steppe resources. Highlighting the multiplicity of actors explains the development of conflicts over the use of this resource. The present work aims, on the one hand, to shed light on the problem of conflicts in the Brezina area, in particular the identification of conflicts and the analysis of the various socio-economic issues of these conflicts. And on the other hand, to study the different mechanisms contributing to the management and neutralization of these conflicts, and consequently, to ensuring sustainable local development of this territory. The results of joint classification obtained in our groups of surveys presenting similar declarations to carry out classes of authorized variables. The suitability of the variables in these measurement classes seems to reveal the same capabilities of representations. In the most important variances attains 100%. that of these key variables, to maintain good relations with local authorities (Mbr1), and the impact of the presence of nomads in the territories (Pnt), and more than 90% for an essential role of controlling farmers and breeders (Rec), They are effective in conflict management (Egc), these aspects reveal the strategy of these breeders in the management of resources in the territory. The index of the alpha value of the determined cronbach, shows satisfactory results around 0.887%.It should be noted that conflict resolution is closely linked to cultural specificities, community structures and the mode of communication between users. This resolution currently remains difficult and ambiguous because of the presence of several actors ; users of steppe areas, and of a multi-institutional system.

French Sport: Caught between Universalism and Exceptionalism

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Dietschy
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sports History ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Invented Traditions ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

This article argues that the question of national perspectives is a fundamental problem in the writing of European sports history. It does so by demonstrating that France has an equal pedigree, in terms of diffusion and exceptionalism, as Britain, and pleads for a less skewed approach to the history of the subject in general. The article shows, first, that France contributed significantly to the internationalization of sport in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with French networks facilitating the spread of sports across the globe. It considers the impact of French universalism on the institutional structures of world sport and assesses the importance of sport to governmental diplomacy. Second, it proposes that France occupies a special place in the history of European sport, halfway between that of the British on the one hand and other continental sporting cultures on the other. It discusses the role of central and regional administrations in the creation of a sports space that is distinctly marked by a lack of football hegemony. French sport, the article concludes, is characterized by a peculiar mix of anglomanie, invented traditions, internationalism, state interventionism and eclecticism.

Ideology in Climate Change Communication

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Maeseele ◽  
Yves Pepermans
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The One

The idea of climate change inspires and reinforces disagreements at all levels of society. Climate change’s integration into public life suggests that there is no evident way of framing and tackling the phenomenon. This brings forward important questions regarding the role of ideology in mediated public discourse on climate change. The existing research literature shows that five ideological filters need to be taken into account to understand the myriad ways in which ideology plays a role in the production, representation, and reception of climate change in (news and entertainment) media: (i) economic factors, (ii) journalistic norms, (iii) political context, (iv) ideological cultures, and (v) citizen decoding. Furthermore, two different interpretations of how ideology precisely serves as a filter of social reality underlie this literature: an interpretation of ideology as an independent variable, on the one hand, and as a constitutive practice, on the other. Moreover, these interpretations underlie a broader discussion in the social sciences on the relation between climate change and ideology and how scholars and activists should deal with it. By considering climate change as a post-ideological issue, a first perspective problematizes the politicization of climate change and calls for its depoliticization to foster consensus and public engagement. In response, a second perspective takes aim against the post-politicization and post-democratization of climate change (resulting from the adoption of the first perspective) for suppressing the role of ideology and, as a result, for stifling democratic debate and citizenship with regard to the climate issue. This latter perspective is in need of further exploration in future research, especially with regard to the concepts of ideological fault lines, ideological hegemony, and ideological strategies.

scholarly journals PERANAN HAJI MISBACH DALAM PERGERAKAN ISLAM KOMUNISME DI SURAKARTA PADA TAHUN 1914-1926

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Beky Frisca Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Dutch Colonialism

This study aims to: (1) describe the biography of Haji Misbach; (2) describe Haji Misbach's thoughts about the Islamic communism movement; (3) to describe the role of Haji Misbach in the Islamic communism movement in Surakarta in 1914- 1926. The research method used in this research is a historical method written descriptively-analytically. By using historical, political, social and religious approaches. The first stage is heuristics. Second, verification. Third, interpretation. Fourth, historiography, with the nature of research, literature or literature studies. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Haji Misbach was born with the name Ahmad, in Kauman, Surakarta, in 1876. He grew up in a family of batik traders. He is better known as Haji Misbach; (2) Haji Misbach wanted to juxtapose the teachings of communism and Islam. In his thought, Haji Misbach called on Muslims to fight and jihad against the capitalists and Dutch colonialism. On the one hand, Communism is a means of struggle against capitalism; (3) The role of Haji Misbach in the Islamic communism movement occurred during 1914 to 1926. He fought a lot by joining in several organizations and was active in establishing, leading, and managing a newspaper which he used as a media to carry out propaganda fighting for people's freedom from shackles. Capitalism wrapped in colonialism.

scholarly journals Integrated local development in Mediterranean marginal territories: The case study of Casentino (Italy), Algarve (Portugal) and Corse (France)

REGION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Andrea Ricci ◽  
Mario Biggeri ◽  
Andrea Ferrannini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
European Development ◽  
Development Trajectories

Today, Mediterranean marginal territories are facing tremendous challenges but at the same time they have relevant endogenous resources, which are often underutilized and unexploited and that could be pivotal for the strategic recovery and economic and social development of the whole European territory. In the last decades, they have been characterised by a progressive abandonment in favour to urban areas, with consequent high social costs such as the hydrogeological instability, degradation and soil erosion. This research investigates the potential active role of Mediterranean “marginal territories” with respect to the re-formulation, adaptation, interpretation and implementation of the European development policies. The paper aims to verify the idea that Mediterranean marginal territories, in the sense of weak, mountainous and inland, could take part at the construction of their own development trajectories and actively contribute to the harmonious development of Europe, creating new jobs opportunities and stable development patterns. Moreover, the paper aims to formulate policy implications and strategies for the studied areas and for Mediterranean marginal territories more in general.  The structure of this paper starts from general theoretical arguments and a short description of European policies for development; it follows with the diagnostic analysis of three local territorial contexts – i.e. Casentino (Italy), Algarve (Portugal) and Corse (France) – and then it comes back on the general European issues proposing implications and lessons learnt in the analysis of the development processes at the local level. 

scholarly journals Symbolic power in diplomatic practice: Matters of style in Brussels

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merje Kuus
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The One ◽  
Foreign Ministries

This paper investigates the workings of symbolic power in diplomatic practice. At the level of empirical observation, it focuses on the intangible and incalculable ‘feel for the game’ that distinguishes a well-informed and relaxed insider from an ill-informed and ill-at-ease outsider in European Union (EU) diplomatic circles in Brussels. By highlighting the play of social resources, such as reputation, presence, poise, and composure in these circles, I examine EU diplomacy from an angle – symbolic power – that is often overlooked in the existing work on that field. Conceptually, the analysis focuses on the role of informal social resources rather than formal institutional structures in diplomatic practice. It also outlines the potential synergies between the study of diplomacy in international relations (IR) on the one hand and geography, anthropology, and sociology on the other. The paper thereby advances the analytical toolbox of diplomatic studies and practice theory. Such conceptual sharpening is needed, especially now that diplomacy is becoming more transnational and less linked to the foreign ministries of states.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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