scholarly journals Comparison of the CRLC Models Describing the Helmholtz Type Cells for the Nondestructive Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bartłomiej Chrobak ◽  
Mirosław Andrzej Maliński
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Photoacoustic Cell ◽  
Photoacoustic Method

Abstract The photoacoustic cell is the heart of the nondestructive photoacoustic method. This article presents a new simple lumped-components CRLC model of the Helmholtz type photoacoustic cell. This model has been compared with the well known literature models describing the Helmholtz type cells for photoacoustic spectroscopy. Experimental amplitude and phase frequency data obtained for the two photoacoustic cells have been presented and interpreted in a series of models. Results of the fitting of theoretical curves, obtained in these models, to the experimental data have been shown and discussed.

Trace gas detection based on photoacoustic spectroscopy in 3-D printed gas cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Shenlong Zha ◽  
Hongliang Ma ◽  
Changli Zha ◽  
Xueyuan Cai ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Acoustic Pressure ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Photoacoustic Signal ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Photoacoustic Cell ◽  
Normal Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Micro Resonator

A novel photoacoustic spectroscopy gas sensor based on a micro-resonator has been developed. The photoacoustic cell was designed and fabricated using 3-D printing and the photoacoustic cell volume was compressed significantly. This design greatly reduces the time of manufacturing the micro-resonator and the weight was lighter compared to traditional cells. Furthermore, the acoustic pressure distribution in the 3-D printed photoacoustic cell was analyzed by COMSOL Multiphysics software, which indicated that the strongest acoustic pressure occurred in the middle of the resonant cavity. The performance of the sensor was evaluated by detection of CH4 at normal atmospheric pressure used a near infrared distributed feedback laser emitted at 1653 nm. The characteristic of the photoacoustic signal under different pressures was also investigated. An Allan variance shows that the 3-D printed photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor has the detection limit of 1.44 ppmv (3σ) for CH4 detection at about 200 s integration time.

CO2-laser photoacoustic spectroscopy applied to low-level toxic-vapor monitoring

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1124-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Loper ◽  
J. A. Gelbwachs ◽  
S. M. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Detection Capability ◽  
Photoacoustic Cell ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Industrial Compounds

A CO2-laser photoacoustic detector is being developed that can detect the hazardous hydrazine-based rocket fuels and selected toxic industrial compounds at concentrations below 100 ppb in the ambient air. This paper reviews our work to develop this detector based on the principles of photoacoustic spectroscopy and classical acoustics. The low parts-per-billion level detection capability of the method to the hydrazines is demonstrated with both acoustically nonresonant and resonant photoacoustic cell designs. A flowing, resonant photoacoustic cell whose interior is coated with tetrafluoroethylene Teflon has been shown to be preferred for detecting highly adsorptive or reactive compounds. Photoacoustic spectroscopy has been demonstrated to be useful in measuring adsorption or reaction losses of low-concentration gases on surfaces.

Temperature-dependent photoacoustic spectroscopy with a T shaped photoacoustic cell at low temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsheng Niu ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Yiqian Yuan ◽  
Xiaoming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Photoacoustic Cell

Photoacoustic method of determination of quantum efficiency of luminescence in Mn2+ ions in Zn1−x−yBexMnySe crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maliński ◽  
Ł. Chrobak ◽  
J. Zakrzewski ◽  
K. Strzałkowski
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectra ◽  
Photoacoustic Method ◽  
Method Of Determination

AbstractThis paper presents step by step the procedure of determination of the quantum efficiency of luminescence of Mn2+ ions in the Zn1−x−yBexMnySe crystals. The method is based on the photoacoustic spectroscopy approach. In the paper, the experimental spectra of absorbance, transmission, absorption and photoacoustic spectra of the samples are presented and analyzed from the point of view of the possibility of determination of the quantum efficiency of Mn2+ ion luminescence at room temperature. It was determined experimentally that in the investigated crystals the quantum efficiency of luminescence in the Mn2+ ions is about 35%, 40%, 32% for the absorption peaks at 430 nm, 470 nm, and 510 nm, respectively, for Zn0.75Be0.2Mn0.05Se crystal.

Identification of Linear Structures

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Viscous Damping ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Linear Structures ◽  
Experimental Frequency ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Linear Dynamic ◽  
Resonant And Antiresonant Frequencies

Experimental frequency response data for a linear dynamic system is used to obtain system transfer functions. An easily implemented multi-degree-of-freedom technique which is applicable to linear structures having moderate, non-proportional viscous damping is presented. It is shown that experimental data at the resonant and antiresonant frequencies, together with high and low frequency data, are sufficient to identify the system.

Microdiffraction Patterns of Small Metallic Particles II; Theoretical Analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
A. Gómez ◽  
P. Schabes-Retchkiman ◽  
M. José-Yacamán ◽  
T. Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Splitting Effect

The splitting effect that is observed in microdiffraction pat-terns of small metallic particles in the size range 50-500 Å can be understood using the dynamical theory of electron diffraction for the case of a crystal containing a finite wedge. For the experimental data we refer to part I of this work in these proceedings.

Evidence for ordered Fe3Ni

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
K.B. Reuter ◽  
D.B. Williams ◽  
J.I. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Transformation Product ◽  
Iron Meteorites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Temperature Transformation

In the Fe-Ni system, although ordered FeNi and ordered Ni3Fe are experimentally well established, direct evidence for ordered Fe3Ni is unconvincing. Little experimental data for Fe3Ni exists because diffusion is sluggish at temperatures below 400°C and because alloys containing less than 29 wt% Ni undergo a martensitic transformation at room temperature. Fe-Ni phases in iron meteorites were examined in this study because iron meteorites have cooled at slow rates of about 10°C/106 years, allowing phase transformations below 400°C to occur. One low temperature transformation product, called clear taenite 2 (CT2), was of particular interest because it contains less than 30 wtZ Ni and is not martensitic. Because CT2 is only a few microns in size, the structure and Ni content were determined through electron diffraction and x-ray microanalysis. A Philips EM400T operated at 120 kV, equipped with a Tracor Northern 2000 multichannel analyzer, was used.

EELS white line intensities calculated for the 3d and 4d metals

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
C. C. Ahn ◽  
D. H. Pearson ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
B. Fultz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Line Intensity ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
White Line ◽  
Hartree Fock ◽  
Line Intensities ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
The Continuum

Previous experimental measurements of the total white line intensities from L2,3 energy loss spectra of 3d transition metals reported a linear dependence of the white line intensity on 3d occupancy. These results are inconsistent, however, with behavior inferred from relativistic one electron Dirac-Fock calculations, which show an initial increase followed by a decrease of total white line intensity across the 3d series. This inconsistency with experimental data is especially puzzling in light of work by Thole, et al., which successfully calculates x-ray absorption spectra of the lanthanide M4,5 white lines by employing a less rigorous Hartree-Fock calculation with relativistic corrections based on the work of Cowan. When restricted to transitions allowed by dipole selection rules, the calculated spectra of the lanthanide M4,5 white lines show a decreasing intensity as a function of Z that was consistent with the available experimental data.Here we report the results of Dirac-Fock calculations of the L2,3 white lines of the 3d and 4d elements, and compare the results to the experimental work of Pearson et al. In a previous study, similar calculations helped to account for the non-statistical behavior of L3/L2 ratios of the 3d metals. We assumed that all metals had a single 4s electron. Because these calculations provide absolute transition probabilities, to compare the calculated white line intensities to the experimental data, we normalized the calculated intensities to the intensity of the continuum above the L3 edges. The continuum intensity was obtained by Hartree-Slater calculations, and the normalization factor for the white line intensities was the integrated intensity in an energy window of fixed width and position above the L3 edge of each element.

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