scholarly journals Preliminary studies on the spatial distribution of artificial 137Cs and natural gamma radionuclides in the region of the Ojców National Park, Poland

Nukleonika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Marcin Stobiński ◽  
Filip Jędrzejek ◽  
Barbara Kubica
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Natural Gamma

Abstract The aim of the research is to obtain preliminary information about the spatial distribution of gamma radionuclides in the soils taken from the Ojców National Park with emphasis on the behaviour of artificial radionuclides, with 137Cs as a representative. The natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra (uranium series), and 228Th (thorium series), which are considered as background radiation, were also determined. In total, 18 soil samples were collected during the summer periods in 2015-2017, while the sampling points were selected with respect to differences in rainfall and local topography gradient. The method was based on gamma-ray spectrometry performed on high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma detector (relative efficiency 34%). 137Cs was mostly deposited in the top soil layers, with activity in the range of 27.9÷586.6 Bq·kg-1. We found strong positive correlation of the 137Cs activity with the soil organic matter content, and at the same time, its dependence on the rainfall amount. Consequently, the soil types and local climate can control the spatial distribution of 137Cs on a small spatial scale. The quantity of natural radionuclides was highly similar in all samples with the following mean values: 38.0 Bq·kg-1for 228Th, 33.1 Bq·kg-1for 226Ra, and 479.9 Bq·kg-1for 40K.

scholarly journals Radioactivity measurements in soils surrounding four coal-fired power plants in Serbia by gamma-ray spectrometry and estimated dose

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Vukasinovic ◽  
Dragana Todorovic ◽  
Natasa Nikolic ◽  
Ana Mihajlovic-Radosavljevic ◽  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Radioactivity Measurements

The study of spatial distribution of activity concentration of 238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs radionuclides in the surface soil samples (n = 42) collected in the vicinity of four coal-fired power plants in Serbia is presented. Radioactivity measurements in soils performed by gamma-ray spectrometry showed values [Bqkg-1] in the range: 15-117 for 238U, 21-115 for 226Ra, 33-65 for 210Pb, 20-69 for 232Th, 324-736 for 40K, and 2-59 for 137Cs. Surface soil radio-activity that could have resulted from deposition of radionuclides from airborne discharges or resuspension of ash from disposal sites showed no enhanced levels. It was found that variation of soil textural properties, pH values, and carbonate content influenced activity levels of natural radionuclides while radiocesium activities were associated with soil organic matter content. Modification of some soil properties was observed in the immediate vicinity (<1 km) of power plants where the soil was more alkaline with coarser particles (0.2-0.05 mm) and carbonates accumulated. Calculated average values of the absorbed gamma dose rate and annual external effective dose originating from the terrestrial radionuclides were 69.4 nGy/h and 0.085 mSv, respectively.

Relationships between macroinfaunal invertebrates and physicochemical factors in two sandy beaches of Patagonia

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Martha (Pitu) Mendez ◽  
Evangelina Schwindt ◽  
Alejandro Bortolus
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Physicochemical Factors

The interest in the knowledge of the ecology of soft-sediment communities is increasing due to the importance that these environments pose to ecologists and environmentalists. However, the ecology of Argentinean sandy beaches is almost unknown, in spite of being relatively common landscapes. In this work we describe and compare the macroinfaunal assemblages in the two largest sandy beaches within the Monte León National Park, the first marine-coastal park of Argentina. Macrobenthic samples were collected and environmental descriptions were performed by quantifying and comparing the organic matter content, grain size distribution and depth of the substratum available for macroinfaunal colonization. Results show that polychaetes and crustaceans are the dominant taxa and that the two beaches differ in the physicochemical characteristics, suggesting that a relation between the benthic fauna and physicochemical factors exists. Although they appeared similar at the landscape scale in preliminary visual surveys, the geomorphological differences between habitats are likely to drive strong differences in the structure of the macroinfaunal assemblages. The monitoring of visible landscape features is likely to undermine the efficiency of protection and managing strategies if not complemented by geomorphological and ecological surveys of less visible ecosystem variables.

scholarly journals Radionuclides and heavy metal contents in phosphogypsum samples in comparison to cerrado soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1481-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanusa Maria Feliciano Jacomino ◽  
Kerley Alberto Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Helena Tirollo Taddei ◽  
Maria Célia Siqueira ◽  
Maria Eleonora Deschamps Pires Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
226Ra Activity

Phosphogysum (PG) or agricultural gypsum, a solid waste from the phosphate fertilizer industry, is used as soil amendment, especially on soils in the Cerrado region, in Brazil. This material may however contain natural radionuclides and metals which can be transferred to soils, plants and water sources. This paper presents and discusses the results of physical and chemical analyses that characterized samples of PG and compares them to the results found in two typical soils of the Cerrado, a clayey and sandy one. These analyses included: solid waste classification, evaluation of organic matter content and of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Al concentrations and of the mineralogical composition. Natural radionuclides and metal concentrations in PG and soil samples were also measured. Phosphogypsum was classified as Class II A - Not Dangerous, Not Inert, Not Corrosive and Not Reactive. The organic matter content in the soil samples was low and potential acidity high. In the mean, the specific 226Ra activity in the phosphogypsum samples (252 Bq kg-1) was below the maximum level recommended by USEPA, which is 370 Bq kg-1 for agricultural use. In addition, this study verified that natural radionuclides and metals concentrations in PG were lower than in the clayey Oxisol of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These results indicated that the application of phosphogypsum as soil amendment in agriculture would not cause a significant impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution characteristics of phaeozem in Songliao Plain based on RS

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 05016
Author(s):  
XING Yu ◽  
Wang Jie ◽  
Yin Yaqiu ◽  
Zhou Yingjie ◽  
Yao Weiling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Terrain Rendering ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Songliao Plain

Phaeozem is one kind of scarce resources on the earth. Due to the restrictions of natural factors and the influence of human activities over the years, phaeozem degradation has become increasingly serious. Based on images of the ASTER in 2006 and the ETM+ in 2000 in this paper, the phaeozem organic matter content which is greater than 2 ％ was obtained by using quantitative retrieval. Through the three-dimensional remote sensing image, terrain rendering and relevant information were analyzed. On the basis of the above, the spatial distribution characteristics of phaeozem in Songliao Plain were analyzed using DEM (digital elevation model) data. The results show that the total area of phaeozem in Songliao Plain is about 51360.15 km2, and the phaeozem organic matter content is gradually increasing along with the increasing latitude or longitude, and decreasing along with increasing slope. In addition, the soil organic matter content is lower in southern slopes than that in northern slopes.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Spatial Regression Methods for Predicting Organic Matter Content in Soil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xumeng Zhang ◽  
Wuping Zhang ◽  
Mingjing Huang ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Lei Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content

Abstract Dynamic changes in soil organic matter content affects the sustainable supply of soil water and fertilizer and impacts the stability of soil ecological function. Understanding the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic matter will help deepen our understanding of the differences in soil organic matter content, soil formation law; such understanding would be useful for rational land use planning. Taking terrain data, meteorological data, and remote sensing data as auxiliary variables and the ordinary Kriging (OK) method as a control, this study compares the spatial prediction accuracies and mapping effects of various models (MLR, RK, GWR, GWRK, MGWR, and MGWRK) on soil organic matter. Our results show that the spatial distribution trend of soil organic matter predicted by each model is similar, but the prediction of composite models can reflect more mapping details than that of unitary models. The OK method can provide better support for spatial prediction when the sampling points are dense; however, the local models are superior in dealing with spatial non-stationarity. Notably, the MGWR model is superior to the GWR model, but the MGWRK model is inferior to the GWRK model. As a new method, the prediction accuracy of MGWRK reached 47.72% for the OK and RK methods and 40.08% for the GWRK method. The GWRK method achieved a better prediction accuracy. The influence mechanism of soil organic matter is complex, but the MGWR model more clearly reveals the complex nonlinear relationship between soil organic matter content and factors influencing it. This research can provide reference methods and mapping technical support to improve the spatial prediction accuracy of soil organic matter.

scholarly journals Micromelum minutum Wight & Arn: Bioprospection Potency of Forest Conservation Area

Buletin Eboni ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Heri Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The Government ◽  
Park Area

Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park Area is one of the forest areas designated by the government as a conservation area in South Sulawesi. Optimization the use of the economic value of conservation areas and  potency of the biodiversity are many parties hope. Micromelum minutum Wight & Arn is one of the biodiversity richness in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park area. This plant predominantly contains flavonoid chemical compounds that are useful as antioxidants, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-mutagenic, anti-clastogenic, anti-cancer, anti-platelet for humans.  M. minutum has potency as bioprospecting for Bantimurung National Park. The use of the conservation zone rehabilitation zones as wanafarma requires  plantcaracteristic and site management. M. minutum plantation should be placemented at river banks or create waterways if planting at dry land. In addition, efforts can be made to improve the physical properties of the soil in the form of loose and increased organic matter content by planting ground cover and fertilizing.

Soil microbiome, organic matter content and microbial abundance in forest and forest-derived land cover in Cat Tien National Park (Vietnam)

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 103957
Author(s):  
Timofey I. Chernov ◽  
Alena D. Zhelezova ◽  
Azida K. Tkhakakhova ◽  
Natalya A. Ksenofontova ◽  
Aleksei O. Zverev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
National Park ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Abundance ◽  
Cat Tien National Park

Spatial distribution of Alitta virens burrows in intertidal sediments studied by axial tomodensitometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1543-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Salvo ◽  
Suzanne C. Dufour ◽  
Philippe Archambault ◽  
Georges Stora ◽  
Gaston Desrosiers
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Biogenic Structures ◽  
Sheltered Site

Relationships between sediment characteristics and the spatial organization of biogenic structures remain poorly understood, albeit important for characterizing bioturbation impacts and small-scale ecological patterns. Using axial tomodensitometry (CT-scan) and core sectioning, we studied the spatial distribution of Alitta virens burrows in sediment cores from two mudflats with different degrees of exposure along the St Lawrence Estuary, Canada. A variety of burrow morphologies was observed at both sites, with most being I-shaped. Most values measured (organic matter content, mean tomographic intensity, the number and diameter of burrow shafts and the percentage of space they occupy per transverse section) covaried with depth. The more sheltered site had higher organic matter and mud contents, and lower average tomographic intensity values. The spatial distribution of burrow shafts also differed between sites, with the more sheltered site having a higher number of burrow shafts and percentage of biogenic space in the upper sediment column, as well as a greater volume of biogenic structures that were connected to the surface (although intra-site variability was great). Along the horizontal plane and at various depths within sediments, burrow shafts were more randomly distributed at the exposed site, compared to a more even, maximal spacing at the sheltered site. In addition to finding differences in burrow organization at two spatial scales, we found significant correlations between tomographic intensity and (1) the number of burrow shafts, (2) biogenic space and (3) organic matter content. CT-scan data, including tomographic intensity, are useful for examining and comparing biogenic structures in sediment cores.

External Gamma Dose Levels In The Soil Samples of HBRAs of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Reeba Maria Jose ◽  
S. Ben Byju ◽  
S. Anilkumar ◽  
M P Chougaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Natural Gamma

Knowledge on the distribution of these radionuclides in soil is of great importance for radiation protection and measurement. A systematic radiological survey has been carried out in the region of HBRAs in Kollam district of Kerala and Manavalakurichi in Tamilnadu in India to compare the natural gamma-radiation levels. 180 soil samples collected and were analyzed for 238U, 232Th and 40K by NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometry. Heterogeneous distribution of radionuclides in the region may be attributed to the deposition phenomenon of soil in the region. The result of gamma dose rate measured at the sampling sites using survey meter showed an excellent correlation with dose rates computed from the natural radionuclides estimated from the soil samples. From these radioactivity levels, the radium equivalent activity and the external hazard index which resulted from the natural radionuclides in sediments are also tabulated for the analyzed samples and compared with internationally recommended values.

Distribution patterns of planted-shrubs of different restoration ages in artificial sand-fixing regions and effects on soil property in the southeastern Tengger desert

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Desert Shrubs ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii

&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;The plant density and spatial distribution in artificial vegetation is obviously initialized at the planting stage. Plants dynamics and spatial pattern may change over time as the result of interactions between individual plants and habitats, but whether this is the case for desert shrubs in artificial sand-fixing regions is largely unknown. Here we examined changes in plant density and distribution patterns of three shrubs (Artemisia ordosica Krasch., Caragana korshinskii Kom., and Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.) in different regions restored for 27, 32 and 50 years (R27, R32, R50), respectively. The vegetation analysis showed that A. ordosica were the dominated species across the 3 restoration regions. The density of A. ordosica and H. scoparium showed a significant increase from R27 to R32, then decreased in R50. However, there was no C. korshinskii survive in R27. The density of C. korshinskii was also low in R32 and R50. The variance-to-mean ratio (VMR) was used to characterize the spatial distribution patterns to &amp;#64257;t the observed frequency distributions of densities of the three shrubs. A. ordosica and C. korshinskii all showed significantly clumped distribution in three restoration regions. For H. scoparium, it showed uniform distribution in R27 and R50, however showed clumped distribution in R32. We also quantified changes in soil physio-chemical properties in different restoration regions. The proportion of sand-sized particles in the topsoil was reduced sharply; the proportion of silt and clay increased greatly from 17.3 and 4.6 to 21.4 and 10.4%, respectively. N and K contents were not significant different among R27 (0.52 and 0.93 g/kg, respectively) and R32 (0.59 and 0.98 g/kg, respectively), but has significant differences with R50 (0.78 and 1.06 g/kg, respectively). P content and soil organic matter content gradually increased with successional age. The results showed that compared to C. korshinskii and H. scoparium, A. ordosica seems to be more suitable in revegetated desert areas. Pattern analysis suggested a successive replacement of C. korshinskii, which had low proportions of survived shrubs, by the dominant A. ordosica. The soil properties were also significantly improved after restoration. This study contributes to understanding of the distribution patterns of shrubs plants and their effects to soil property in revegetation projects in arid desert area.&lt;/p&gt;

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