Scientific diving in natural sciences

Abstract Scientific diving is increasingly being used for numerous studies. Moreover, this form of diving allows for the conduction of interdisciplinary research. The current nomenclature of this type of dive is defined as scuba diving to collect information to support science by using diving techniques. Underwater research is particularly important in the natural sciences where it allows for the non-invasive observations of fauna and flora of aquatic ecosystems in their natural environment. At the same time, the use of diving for scientific purposes avoids mistakes made in random sampling, which is related to the use of classical sampling methods. As a result, such diving is crucial in systematic, ecological and behavioural analysis. Nevertheless, dive techniques, however versatile, require optimisation, separate study and systematisation, depending on the type of research conducted. This article is an attempt to present an outline of the topic, to systematise basic concepts in presenting the principles of legal regulations in Poland and abroad..

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Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: Current Perspectives and Future Challenges

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12010015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Luigi Carbone ◽

Federica Cariati ◽

Laura Sarno ◽

Alessandro Conforti ◽

Francesca Bagnulo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Screening ◽

Prenatal Testing ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Fetal Dna ◽

Cell Free Fetal Dna ◽

Common Causes ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽

Fetal Aneuploidies ◽

Made In

Fetal aneuploidies are among the most common causes of miscarriages, perinatal mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment. During the last 70 years, many efforts have been made in order to improve prenatal diagnosis and prenatal screening of these conditions. Recently, the use of cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) testing has been increasingly used in different countries, representing an opportunity for non-invasive prenatal screening of pregnant women. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the state of the art and the main strengths and limitations of this test for prenatal screening of fetal aneuploidies.

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Spatial partition of artificial structures by fish at the surroundings of the conservation unit - Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta, SP, Brazil

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132004000100015 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patricia Teresa Monteiro Cunningham ◽

Andreia de Carvalho Saul

Keyword(s):

Fish Community ◽

Artificial Reef ◽

Scuba Diving ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Artificial Structures ◽

Artificial Structure ◽

Spatial Partition ◽

Concrete Blocks ◽

Made In

The aim of this work was to study the spatial partition dynamics of fish at artificial structures. Holed structured concrete blocks were used to construct eight identical artificial structures and disposed between 3m-6m depths. Installation was made in two steps during 1996 (May/June and November/December) and daily observations were carried out during 30 consecutive days SCUBA diving. The artificial reef areas were used in discriminated ways by the fish community and was most probably influenced by several factor, mainly biotic. The results of the Krustal-Wallis test led to the refutation of the hypothesis that the artificial structure spaces were shared and randomly used by fish.

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Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Perubahan Materi Melalui Perbaikan Bahan Ajar

MADRASAH ◽

10.18860/jt.v6i2.3296 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Agus Mukti Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Natural Sciences ◽

Student Understanding ◽

The Media ◽

Basic Concepts

Student understanding of the concept of Natural Sciences, especially “material and its changes” are inflenced by the students understanding of the previous material on the “various substances and nature”. The development of learning sources about “material and its changes” can improve students understanding of the concept, in this case is students of college, if (1) making the media of teaching based on the basic concepts about material that will be learned by students and that concepts arranged systematically or sequentially concepts, for example from simple to complex concept or from the lower to the higher concept, (2) the examples that given to the students close to the students experiences, beginning from a simple example. Keywords: “Material and Its changes”, Remedical of Learning Sources.

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PRETERM LABOUR

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.01.2074 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (01) ◽

pp. 84-90

Author(s):

FARZANA LATIF ◽

BUSHRA BANO ◽

UZMA HUSSAIN

Keyword(s):

Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽

Uterine Contraction ◽

Preterm Labour ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Transdermal Patch ◽

Uterine Contractions ◽

Non Invasive ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Setting ◽

Made In

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Glyecryl trinitrate patch for prolonging gestation for more than 48 hours, 7 days or upto 37 weeks of gestation with Salbutamol in preterm labour. Study Design: Compartive descriptive study. Setting: Fatima Memorial HospitalLahore. Period: Dec 2003 to Jan 2005. Patients & Methods: The study was carried out on 60 pregnant patients admitted in hospital with thesymptoms and signs of preterm labour. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 8.0. Results: Two groups (TransdermalGlyceryl Trinitrate group and Salbutamol) comprising 30 patients each were made. In Glyceryl Trinitrate group, transdermal patch was appliedand in Salbutamol group,. Intravenous infusion titrated according to frequency, duration and intensity of uterine contractions. All the patientsin each group were evaluated for prolongation of gestation for 48 hours till 37th week of gestation. The mean prolongation of pregnancy was26 days in GTN group and 32 days in Salbutamol group. The decrease in frequency of uterine contractions by 67.51 ± 7.74% in first 48 hoursof applying transdermal Glyceryl Trinitrate patch and by 80.14 ± 8.43 % in Salbutamol group which was statistically significant. Conclusion:Trinitrate appears to be a safe, well tolerated and non-invasive but less effectives method of suppressing uterine contraction in preterm labouras compared to Salbutamol.

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Chlamydia trachomatis detection and non-invasive sampling methods

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/0140-6736(91)92844-r ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 337 (8750) ◽

pp. 1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Patel ◽

G.R. Kinghorn ◽

G. Kudesia ◽

R. Vanhegan

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Non Invasive

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Neurofeedback and Serious Games

Gamification ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8200-9.ch005 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 83-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Ninaus ◽

Matthias Witte ◽

Silvia E. Kober ◽

Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich ◽

Jürgen Kurzmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serious Games ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Computer Gaming ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Learning Capabilities ◽

Basic Concepts ◽

Therapeutic Settings

Neuroscience as well as computer gaming have rapidly advanced in the last decades. Yet, the combination of both fields is still in its infancy. One example of an emerging alliance is neurofeedback, where participants are required to learn controlling their own brain activity. So far, this kind of training is mostly applied in therapeutic settings, for example improving symptoms in epilepsy, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or autism spectrum disorder. However, there are some promising approaches that used neurofeedback in everyday situations for healthy subjects. This may prove especially valuable for serious games that aim to improve learning capabilities and cognitive aspects of individual users. The following chapter introduces the basic concepts and standards of neurofeedback. The different non-invasive imaging techniques are introduced along with successful applications in neurofeedback. Finally, benefits and pitfalls for future combinations of neurofeedback and games are discussed: while the former may profit from realistic and motivating video scenarios, the latter is expected to be a tool for evaluating and monitoring the direct effects on the user's brain.

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Some Applications of a Unified Foundational Ontology in Business Modeling

Business Systems Analysis with Ontologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-339-5.ch013 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 345-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Giancarlo Guizzardi ◽

Gerd Wagner

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Modeling ◽

Natural Sciences ◽

Cognitive Engineering ◽

Business Modeling ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Modeling Methods ◽

Foundational Ontology ◽

Basic Concepts ◽

And Linguistics

Foundational ontologies provide the basic concepts upon which any domain-specific ontology is built. This chapter presents a new foundational ontology, UFO, and shows how it can be used as a guideline in business modeling and for evaluating business modeling methods. UFO is derived from a synthesis of two other foundational ontologies, GFO/GOL and OntoClean/DOLCE. While their main areas of application are natural sciences and linguistics/cognitive engineering, respectively, the main purpose of UFO is to provide a foundation for conceptual modeling, including business modeling.

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Harmonizing technological advances in phenomics and genomics for enhanced salt tolerance in rice from a practical perspective

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-019-0347-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sarika Jaiswal ◽

R. K. Gautam ◽

R. K. Singh ◽

S. L. Krishnamurthy ◽

S. Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Technological Advancement ◽

Data Generation ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Holistic Review ◽

Classical Work ◽

Substantial Progress ◽

Global Population ◽

Made In

AbstractHalf of the global human population is dependent on rice as a staple food crop and more than 25% increase in rice productivity is required to feed the global population by 2030. With increase in irrigation, global warming and rising sea level, rising salinity has become one of the major challenges to enhance the rice productivity. Since the loss on this account is to the tune of US$12 billion per annum, it necessitates the global attention. In the era of technological advancement, substantial progress has been made on phenomics and genomics data generation but reaping benefit of this in rice salinity variety development in terms of cost, time and precision requires their harmonization. There is hardly any comprehensive holistic review for such combined approach. Present review describes classical salinity phenotyping approaches having morphological, physiological and biochemical components. It also gives a detailed account of invasive and non-invasive approaches of phenomic data generation and utilization. Classical work of rice salinity QLTs mapping in the form of chromosomal atlas has been updated. This review describes how QTLs can be further dissected into QTN by GWAS and transcriptomic approaches. Opportunities and progress made by transgenic, genome editing, metagenomics approaches in combating rice salinity problems are discussed. Major aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive over-view of hitherto progress made in rice salinity tolerance research which is required to understand bridging of phenotype based breeding with molecular breeding. This review is expected to assist rice breeders in their endeavours by fetching greater harmonization of technological advances in phenomics and genomics for better pragmatic approach having practical perspective.

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Comparison of non-invasive sampling methods for detection of HPV in rural African women

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sti.2004.010413 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 239-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

N Lack

Keyword(s):

Sampling Methods ◽

African Women ◽

Non Invasive

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Methodology for the design of a standard research protocol for measuring terminology usage

Terminology ◽

10.1075/term.9.1.03qui ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 29-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jean Quirion

Keyword(s):

Sampling Methods ◽

Critical Examination ◽

Research Protocol ◽

Statistical Sampling ◽

Measurement Protocol ◽

The Future ◽

The Subject ◽

Made In

Many states have undertaken language and terminology planning programmes and have reached the point where they must evaluate the progress realized up to the present time. In the case of terminology planning programmes, such an evaluation requires a method to measure the degree to which the terminology has been implanted. In this paper, a research protocol for measuring terminology implantation is presented; this protocol is based on institutional communications. First, a critical examination of prior research on the subject is made in order to identify the desired characteristics of a precise, scientific measurement protocol. It is an accepted postulate that the constitution of a representative corpus forms the basis of a solution. Statistical sampling methods have been adapted in order to design a measurement protocol that respects the above conditions. The paper concludes with an overview of the results of a terminology implantation survey carried out using the research protocol presented; the survey concerns transportation terminology. This overview is followed by a brief discussion of the future possibilities offered by the scientific measurement of terminology implantation.

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