scholarly journals Framework for developing a new model of risk classification according to the energy usage of companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1150-1161
Author(s):  
Ana Șerbănescu ◽  
Michael Krutwig
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
Main Component

Abstract In the last 50 years, both the authorities and the majority of the citizens have understood the need to enforce measures to both preserve energy and reduce the costs of producing it. Nowadays, every developed country has correlated the profitability and the competitiveness of its industry with the efficient and sustainable use of energy and is therefore making conscious efforts to improve these areas. Any action program deemed to enhance energy efficiency has as main component the critical analysis of the energetic resources allocated to an activity in a given perimeter, also known as energy audit. This paper aims to develop a model of risk classification to be applied in planning and performing procedures during energy audit, which can allow a common framework to be developed in this area of audit. The stakeholders of the entity will also be offered a unitary perspective regarding the risks of the respective business, which can be helpful in their decision-making process. The research methodology of this paper consists of quantitative instruments, namely the statistical analysis of a database containing energy audit conclusions of companies in Europe. The indicators used will relate to energy savings, the number of measures implemented as a result of the audit, the percentage of energy saved from total consumption (energy efficiency) and the business line of the company. The novelty this framework will bring consists of the congruence created in the energy audit procedures of different practices and of the standardization and quality improvement in energy audit opinions. The approach of energy audits will therefore evolve towards a risk based one, rather than an analytical one. Also, we will explain the importance of energy savings for the profitability and the competitiveness of companies in the economy today, while facilitating a transparent communication with the stakeholders. This analysis is relevant especially given the fact that the cycle of 4 years after the directive of mandatory energy audit has been enforced ends with 2018 and a conclusion can be drawn before the new audit period starts in 2019.

scholarly journals Conducting Energy Audit of Higher Education Institutions in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
M. V. Fihurka
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Diagnosis ◽  
Energy Auditing ◽  
Energy Audits

The article deals with the issues of conducting energy audits of higher education institutions in Ukraine. The analysis of the feasibility of the macroeconomic approach to the organization of energy audits of the domestic institutions of higher education is conducted. Necessary of consideration of the results of energy audits in the development and substantiation of programs and projects for creasing energy savings are determined in the article. It is established that the procedure of energy auditing is to include the development of the energy passport of institutions in higher education, as well as outlined basic conditions for energy audits. The necessity of creation of single bases of energy audits of the domestic institutions for higher education to ensure equal access to co-financing projects to improve energy efficiency and transparency of the state support of energy savings is determined. The proposed studies on energy audit will facilitate the organization of a rational integrated diagnosis of fuel and energy resources and places of energy losses, with a view to more efficient use of them through the development and implementation of plans, programs and projects for improving the energy efficiency of higher education institutions. The results of the energy audit are necessary to substantiate the feasibility and assessment of the cost of realization of energy saving measures

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Solutions for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Joanna Southernwood ◽  
Grigoris K. Papagiannis ◽  
Erudino Llano Güemes ◽  
Luisa Sileni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
Innovative Capacity

Few small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have undertaken an energy audit to date and even fewer have taken action to implement energy-saving measures. Lack of time, knowledge, and finance, coupled with the low priority that SMEs give to energy management, are the most commonly cited barriers to effective energy management in SMEs. Four projects funded by Horizon 2020 (SPEEDIER, SMEmPower Efficiency, E2DRIVER, and Innoveas) have developed innovative capacity-building programmes designed to eliminate these barriers and encourage SMEs to undertake energy audits and implement the recommended energy efficiency measures. This paper presents an overview of the innovations being tested and suggests a series of policy recommendations that could help to drive uptake of energy audits in SMEs.

scholarly journals Energy Audit of Agricultural Enterprises: New Approaches and Assessment Criteria (Following the Russian-Finnish Project Interim Outcomes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
H. Soininen ◽  
T. Ranta-Korhonen ◽  
E. V. Timofeev ◽  
A. V. Erk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Energy Auditing ◽  
Energy Audits

Currently implemented project “Russian-Finnish Bioeconomy Competence Сentre – BioCom” within South-East Finland – Russia Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2014-2020 aims to integrate the BioEconomy principles and approaches into the agricultural sector of the neighbouring border areas of Russia and Finland. The energy efficiency of farming and sustainable use of energy resources is one of the fundamentals of the bio-economy concept. The energy audit is the first step in identifying opportunities to reduce the energy inputs on the farms.(Research purpose) To discover the new approaches to the energy auditing of agricultural enterprises and new assessment indicators following the project experience.(Materials and methods) Four farms were selected for the energy inspection – two farms located in the Leningrad Region, Russia, and two farms located in the South Savo Region, Finland. In Russia the standard energy auditing, measurement, and calculation procedure was applied. The systems of electrical power supply, heat supply, water supply, sewage, and building envelopes on the farms were examined and estimated.(Results and discussion) Following the outcomes of the energy audits in the project framework and the previous relevant experience, the basic energy-saving and efficiency improvement measures were established. Three new approaches to the energy auditing of agricultural enterprises were suggested – energy and environmental assessment of applied technologies and equipment; consideration of the application of renewable energy-generating sources; consideration of the conversion of vehicles to biogas.(Conclusions) The study outcomes proved the energy audits to play an important role in improving the energy efficiency of agricultural production provided they are mandatory, take into account the energy environmental assessment criteria, consider the application of renewable energy-generating sources and the conversion of vehicles to biogas.

scholarly journals PROPOSING A SYSTEMATIC METHOD FOR CREATING AN ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT FOR COPRA PROCESSING ENTERPRISES

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Thanh Van Tran ◽  
Ha Thi Ngoc Ho ◽  
Hai Thanh Le
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Coconut processing is one of a typical industral sector of Ben Tre Province. Due to the high energy consumption chaterization, it has been selected to perform the pilot projects of promoting cleaner production and energy efficiency. Energy audit is a suggested measure to identifine opportunities and solutions for energy savings. However it is quite an expertise-demanding and timeconsuming procedure, therefore still a few number of plants have applied energy audit for their production processes. For all those reasons, there is a need of an automatic energy audit toolkit which can help enterprises in self–assessment of the energy using and performing of energy saving measures. This reseach aims at proposing a systematic method for creating an energy audit toolkit for copra processing enterprises which is expected to be a development initiative for coconut processing industry.

scholarly journals Real benefits of leak repair and increasing the number of inlets to energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lipiwattanakarn ◽  
S. Kaewsang ◽  
A. Pornprommin ◽  
T. Wongwiset
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Friction Loss ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
First Case ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
The Right ◽  
District Metered Area ◽  
Total Inflow

Abstract Two real cases of energy audit were investigated in a district metered area (DMA) of the Metropolitan Waterworks Authority in Bangkok, Thailand. The first case was energy audits before and after leaks were repaired. The repairs resulted in a 9% reduction of inflow to the DMA. We estimated that the input energy to the DMA reduced 8% while the energy in water delivered to customers increased 8%. Thus, two benefits of reducing leakage to energy were found. In the second case, we temporarily opened a boundary valve connecting to the trunk main to function as another inlet to the DMA, so the number of inlets increased to two. The new inlet was nearer to main distribution pipes that delivered water to more customers than the first one. Thus, the inflow from the old inlet decreased to only 10% of the total inflow. The estimated input energy increased slightly by 4% because the inflow and leakage did not reduce, but the energy delivered to customers increased greatly (16%) due to a significant decrease in friction loss. Thus, reducing leakage and selecting the right hydraulic locations of inlets can benefit energy efficiency in DMAs substantially.

scholarly journals Impact of Energy Monitoring and Management Systems on the Implementation and Planning of Energy Performance Improved Actions: An Empirical Analysis Based on Energy Audits in Italy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4723
Author(s):  
Carlos Herce ◽  
Enrico Biele ◽  
Chiara Martini ◽  
Marcello Salvio ◽  
Claudia Toro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Energy Monitoring ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
The Impact

The implementation of monitoring tools and energy management systems (EnMSs) supports companies in their long-term energy efficiency strategies, and they are essential to analyse the effectiveness of energy performance improvement actions (EPIAs). The first fundamental step towards increasing energy efficiency is the development of energy audits (EAs). EAs provide comprehensive information about the energy usage in a specific facility, identifying and quantifying cost-effective EPIAs. The crucial role of these tools in clean energy transition is remarked by the European Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), which promotes the implementation of EAs and EnMS programmes. The purpose of this work is to better understand the link between EnMSs (specifically ISO 50001) and EAs in the EED Article 8 implementation in two industrial and two tertiary sectors in Italy. Moreover, the impact of company size, energy monitoring systems, and EnMSs on planned and/or implemented EPIAs is analysed. Our findings show that, albeit the complexity of the variables involved in energy efficiency gap, the “energy savings/company” and “EPIA/site” ratios are higher in enterprises with an EnMS and monitoring system. Thus, a correct energy audit must always be accompanied by a specific monitoring plan if it is to be effective and useful to the company decision maker.

scholarly journals Implementation of Innovative Energy Saving Projects to Strengthen the Competitiveness of Domestic Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Olha SOBKO ◽  
Ihor KRYSOVATYY ◽  
Svitlana SMEREKA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Power Stations

The article deals with the features of innovative projects launch of the energy saving on the enterprises of Ukraine, the necessity of research of essence and specific of introduction of such projects is substantiated concerning the energy-savings on enterprises, their place in the system of economic relations is examined. Foreign experience of market of innovative projects introduction of the energy-saving is investigated, that is one of the basic component elements of effective competition which is beneficial in innovative activity of enterprises, which means the launch of innovative developments, new technologies, knowledge, information. The basic most effective districting over of territory of Ukraine is demonstrated, where realization of innovative projects of the energy efficiency introduction and energy-savings of sunny power stations and surface windy power stations is carried out. Considerable technically accessible potential of power mediums production of redintegrated energy and alternative types of fuel sources in Ukraine is revealed. The basic barriers over introduction of innovative projects in the market of energy-savings are shown, in particular: limited access to technologies and innovations, high cost of services in energy efficiency, lack of skilled specialists, sub-zero quality of suggestion of services in energy efficiency in the market etc. Attention is focused on using of project management for realization of innovative projects, as a basic tool of management, in particular to the energy management and energy audit, and their basic tasks on an enterprise are given. The basic strategic constituents regarding the development of fuel and energy complex of Ukraine and its competitiveness are pointed out, as well the use of alternative energy sources on a period to 2035, that is mentioned in operating Power strategy «Safety, energy efficiency, competitiveness». The mechanism of electric power production stimulation of iterated sources in Ukraine is demonstrated which means the «Green» price for the subjects of managing that produce power from the solar and wind energy.

scholarly journals The economical benefits of conducting an ASHRAE LEVEL II energy audit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Catherine Tong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Level I ◽  
Energy Audits

Conducting an ASHRAE Level II Energy and Water audit provides building owners opportunities to save energy and water in their buildings. The ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit will fulfill the requirements for BOMA BESt Energy Assessment and IESO’s saveONenergy Electricity Survey and Analysis. The IESO saveONenergy allows building owners to receive monetary incentives to improve their energy efficiency. Energy audits are an effective method to increase energy efficiency for commercial buildings. However, there are multiple levels of energy audits set by ASHRAE (Level I, II, and III) which varies the level of detail and economic benefit. The role of this research is to explore the benefits of a Level II energy audit and the economic benefit of a office tower located in Toronto. This building had an ASHRAE Level I audit two years ago and a case study will be performed to evaluate the level of detail and economic benefit of a Level II Energy and Water audit. The tower was evaluated according to ASHRAE Level II guidelines and the results obtained were an Energy Star score for the building, benchmarking against BOMA BESt buildings, energy conservation measures (ECMs), financial savings, payback periods and CO2 savings. They were separated into low/no cost measures, capital measure, other measures and impractical measures. If the building managers were to target all of the recommended ECMs, a total of $300,000 in utility costs per year would be saved. This is equivalent to 1,700,000 ekWh saved per year and a 6% reduction of their current energy use. Further more, the total energy use intensity (EUI) would improve from 26.2 ekWh/ft2 to 24.7 ekWh/ft2. . This case study has allowed a comparison for the two different types of energy audit. Compared to a Level I energy audit, there is a lot more detail which can provide a better potential savings as there are more engineering calculations involved for mechanical equipment, reviewing of drawings, observation of mechanical equipment, and interviews with the building operators.

scholarly journals The Environmental Impact Reduction obtained by implementing an Energy Management System. The advantages of using Energy Management and Energy Savings Standards when performing Industrial Energy Audits

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Mircea Scripcariu ◽  
Ioan Sevastian Bitir-Istrate ◽  
Cristian Gheorghiu ◽  
Aida Maria Neniu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Energy Audits

Energy audits are used world-wide for developing energy efficiency projects. Industrial consumers have complex energy supply, generation and distribution networks and a variety of energy use installations. Romanian industrial companies became more interested in the last years in implementing Energy Management Systems in accordance with ISO 50001 standard. This paper presents a comparison of using the current way of developing energy audits and the concepts provided by the ISO group of standards, by quantifying the environmental impact reduction generated by each methodology. Authors pointed out that current legislation does not fully match the rigors of the ISO 50001 group of standards when evaluating the Energy Baseline (EB), the Energy Performance Indicators (EPI) or the Energy Performance Improvement Actions (EPIA), thus leading to a lower global energy efficiency improvement in the hypothesis of implementing all the recommended EPIAs [1]. Identifying and developing energy efficiency measures following the recommendations of the energy management and energy savings group of standards may be more consistent and less risky for the industrial company, which in turn can lead to an overall improvement of the Carbon Footprint [2].

scholarly journals Benchmarking of Industrial Energy Efficiency. Outcomes of an Energy Audit Policy Program

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristaps Locmelis ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga ◽  
Andra Blumberga ◽  
Anna Kubule
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
Industrial Energy Efficiency

Latvia’s industrial energy efficiency policy imposes the implementation of mandatory energy audits and energy management systems in large industrial enterprises and large industrial electricity consumers to improve industrial competitiveness, to move towards a carbon-neutral economy and to increase the security of supply. Companies affected by this energy efficiency policy are obliged to report to the national energy efficiency monitoring system on energy efficiency measures indicated in energy audits or energy management systems with the highest savings or economical potential. The purpose of this study was to assess the initial outcomes of the first industrial energy efficiency program in Latvia, using data from the national energy efficiency monitoring system, including an analysis of individual energy audit reports, and benchmarking it with findings from a similar program, thereby revealing untapped energy efficiency and CO2 emission reduction potential. Although the national monitoring system made it possible to ascertain results of the energy efficiency program, the statistical analysis of the data did not allow for a robust conclusion on the technical or economic industrial energy efficiency potential. This study suggests that Latvia’s energy efficient policy should continue its course in implementation and provides recommendations for improvements on the national energy efficiency monitoring system.

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