A comment on the state of research into women’s empowerment and family planning

This study examines the associations between women’s empowerment and family planning use in Jimma Zone, Western Ethiopia. A total of 746 randomly selected married women of reproductive age were interviewed. The data were employed by structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the complex and multidimensional pathways to show women’s empowerment domains in family planning utilisation. Results of the study revealed that 72% of married women had used family planning. Younger women, having access to information, having access to health facilities and being aware about family planning methods, living in a rural area, having an older partner and increased household decision-making power were associated with using family planning methods. Women’s empowerment is an important determinant of contraceptive use. Women’s empowerment dimensions included increased household decision-making power, socio-demographic variables and having access to information about family planning and accessible health facilities. These were found to be important determinants of contraceptive use. Future interventions should focus on integrating women’s empowerment into family planning programming, particularly in enhancing women’s autonomy in decision making. Further research is warranted on the socio-cultural context of women that influences women’s empowerment and family planning use to establish an in-depth understanding and equity of women in society.

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Women’s empowerment for abortion and family planning decision making among marginalized women in Nepal: a mixed method study

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-021-01087-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Heera KC ◽

Mangala Shrestha ◽

Nirmala Pokharel ◽

Surya Raj Niraula ◽

Prajjwal Pyakurel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Family Planning ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Key Informants ◽

Marginalized Communities ◽

Modern Contraceptives ◽

Marginalized Women ◽

Planning Decision

Abstract Background Women’s empowerment is multidimensional. Women’s education, employment, income, reproductive healthcare decision making, household level decision making and social status are vital for women’s empowerment. Nepal is committed to achieving women empowerment and gender equality, which directly affects the reproductive health issues. This can be achieved by addressing the issues of the poor and marginalized communities. In this context, we aimed to find the association of women’s empowerment with abortion and family planning decision making among marginalized women in Nepal. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted at selected municipalities of Morang district of Nepal from February 2017 to March 2018. A mixed method approach was used, where 316 married marginalized women of reproductive age (15–49 years) and 15 key informant interviews from representative healthcare providers and local leaders were taken. From key informants, data were analysed using the thematic framework method. Findings obtained from two separate analyses were drawn together and meta inferences were made. Results Women’s empowerment was above average, at 50.6%. Current use of modern contraceptives were more among below average empowerment groups (p 0.041, OR 0.593 C.I. 0.36–0.98). We could not find any statistically significant differences among levels of women’s empowerment, including those women with abortion knowledge (p 0.549); family planning knowledge (p 0.495) and women’s decision for future use of modern contraceptives (p 0.977). Most key informants reported that unsafe abortion was practiced. Conclusions Women’s empowerment has no direct role for family planning and abortion decision making at marginalized communities of Morang district of Nepal. However, different governmental and non-governmental organizations influence woman for seeking health care services and family planning in rural community of Nepal irrespective of empowerment status.

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Implementasi Program Perlindungan Anak Terpadu Berbasis Masyarakat di Kota Palangka Raya

Anterior Jurnal ◽

10.33084/anterior.v18i1.437 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 48-56

Author(s):

Mita Sari ◽

Wahyu Wahyu ◽

Bachruddin Ali Achmad

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Child Protection ◽

Population Control ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

City Government ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Community Based ◽

The People ◽

Planning Office ◽

The City

The purpose of this study was to find out, explain how the implementation of an integrated community-based child protection program, as well as the factors that support and inhibit integrated community-based child protection programs. This research was conducted at the Department of Population Control and Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, Child Protection in Palangka Raya City using qualitative methods. The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of the Community Based Integrated Child Protection Program (PATBM) in the Department of Population Control and Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, Child Protection in Palangka Raya City includes the integrated community-based child protection program that has been running and on target, a community-based integrated child protection program is useful and accepted in the City of Palangka Raya, during the implementation of an integrated community-based child protection program there has been a decrease in the number of violence, Resources Implementation of integrated community-based child protection programs both in terms of human resources and budget is still lacking and inadequate, integrated community-based child protection program received a good response from the people of Palangka Raya City, and strategy undertaken by the Population Control and Family Planning Office, Women's Empowerment, Child Protection in Palangka Raya City in implementing a community-based integrated child protection program is to carry out socialization and training activities for activists or cadres of Integrated Community Based Child Protection in the City Government Palangka Raya.

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Money of Her Own and the Politics of Women's Empowerment

Contemporary Global Perspectives on Gender Economics - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8611-3.ch004 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 55-81

Author(s):

Shushmita Chatterji Dutt

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Intensification ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

The State ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Market Forces ◽

State Administration ◽

The Impact ◽

The Way

The impact of micro finance initiatives on poor (often illiterate) women is discussed in this paper. The way women begin to understand market forces and negotiate the best terms for themselves is examined. This seems to link to increasing confidence, a stronger voice and finally negotiating a space for themselves. It is observed that if planned empowerment inputs of any type are also provided, the gains are exponential and go much deeper. This paper draws examples from three initiatives: 1. A micro finance scheme for women introduced in one district of the state of Rajasthan, India; 2. An initiative that was introduced as a subsidiary activity for an agricultural intensification scheme supported by IFAD in four districts of Bangladesh; 3. The profile of one woman in the state of Chhattisgarh, India who has worked with the State Administration to change her own life and that of many other women.

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Suara “Sang Cenderawasih” yang Membisu: Perjuangan Para Perempuan Papua dalam Menggapai Keadilan

Jurnal Perempuan ◽

10.34309/jp.v26i3.627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 185-194

Author(s):

Diana Binkor Jenbise

Keyword(s):

Women's Empowerment ◽

The State ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Dark Skin ◽

Women's Voices ◽

Patriarchal System ◽

State And Society ◽

Curly Hair ◽

Answering Questions

This article emphasizes the importance of raising the issue of Papuan women’s empowerment and struggle for justice. This research is to answer, what is justice according to Papuan women and how are Papuan women’s efforts to achieve justice for their identity and the land of Papua? In answering questions and the realities faced by women in achieving justice, this research seeks freedom of talks about the rights of Papuan women in the life of the state and society. However, there are a patriarchal system and a state that make it difficult in listening to and responding to women’s voices about justice. It takes time and effort to change this old paradigm. Through the first form of storytelling, we can place the story of the identity of a Papuan woman and her pride as a symbol of cenderawasih with dark skin and curly hair. Papuan women must not remain silent and must fight for justice.

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PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DI KELURAHAN KALEGOWA, KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA

Otoritas Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan ◽

10.26618/ojip.v4i1.76 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adzimat Tinur Haque ◽

Budi Setiawati ◽

Nuryanti Mustari

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Governmental Organization ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

The Family ◽

Political Economic ◽

And Training

Various phenomena related to women both in the political, economic, social, cultural and existential creates differences between men and women. Who gave birth to the idea that the position of women and men differ, women tend to be subordinate in the household. Therefore, in this paper want to see the role of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment in improving the quality of women. Peneliian uses descriptive research is data collected kualitatiff dideskriptifkan based on direct interviews and direct observation in the field. Role of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment in Women's Empowerment is to socialize the business group to participants empowerment, mentoring ranging from the preparation, implementation and evaluation, and the latter is training, which includes the training of making traditional snacks, training party bag and training dressmaking , in the event that serves as the implementing agency ie Family Planning and women's empowerment assisted by NGOs (Non Governmental Organization) as well as the PKK, while functioning as a participant that will empower women. With the passage of the role women can already malakukan Access, Control, Benefits and Participation Berbagai fenomena terkait dengan perempuan baik dalam bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya menciptakan perbedaan eksistensial antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Hingga melahirkan pemikiran bahwa kedudukan perempuan dan laki-laki berbeda, perempuan cenderung sebagai subordinat dalam rumah tangga. Untuk itu, dalam tulisan ini hendak melihat peran Badan Keluarga Berencana dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam meningkatkan kualitas perempuan. Peneliian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatiff yaitu data yang dikumpulkan dideskriptifkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara langsung dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Peran Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan yaitu dengan melakukan sosialisasi tentang kelompok usaha kepada peserta pemberdayaan, pendampingan mulai dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan hingga evaluasi, dan yang terakhir yaitu pelatihan yang didalamnya berisi pelatihan pembuatan jajanan pasar, pelatihan tas pesta dan pelatihan penjahitan, dalam kegiatan tersebut yang berfungsi sebagai pelaksana yaitu Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan yang dibantu oleh LSM ( Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat) serta tim penggerak PKK, sedangkan yang berfungsi sebagai peserta yaitu perempuan yang akan melakukan pemberdayaan. Dengan berjalannya peran tersebut perempuan sudah bisa malakukan Akses, Kontrol, Manfaat dan Partisipasi.

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Men’s Attitude Towards Contraception and Sexuality, Women’s Empowerment, and Demand Satisfied for Family Planning in India

Frontiers in Sociology ◽

10.3389/fsoc.2021.689980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Iván Mejía-Guevara ◽

Beniamino Cislaghi ◽

Gary L. Darmstadt

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Household Survey ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Protective Role ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Standard Deviation Increase ◽

The Right

Whilst the prevalence of unmet need and contraceptive use remained unchanged for 10 years (between 2005–2015) in India, gender restrictive norms and power imbalances also have persisted, preventing married women from meeting their family planning desires. Data for this study are from the 2015–6 National Family Household Survey, which contains information on fertility preferences and family planning for women in reproductive age. As a proxy for men’s attitudinal norms, we aggregated men’s perceptions regarding contraception (contraception is women’s business, women who use contraception may become promiscuous) and control over their wife (if his wife refuses to have sex, men have the right to deny financial support, have sex with another woman, or beat wife) at district level. Using a three-level random intercepts model, we assessed individual and contextual-level associations of men’s attitudinal norms and met need for contraception among sexually active women (aged 15–49) with any demand for family planning, while adjusting for women’s empowerment indicators [education, job status, and adult marriage] and individual demographic factors. Our results indicate that men’s attitudinal norms are negatively associated with women’s contraceptive use; for instance, a 1 standard deviation increase in the proportion of men who believe that contraception is women’s business was associated with a 12% reduced likelihood of contraceptive use (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95). Similar associations remained or were stronger after considering only modern methods, or when excluding female sterilization. Furthermore, our contextual effects analysis revealed that women’s higher education or wealth did not improve contraceptive uptake in communities with strong attitudinal norms, but working women or women married as children were more likely to use contraception in those communities. Our results suggest that men’s attitudinal norms may be dominating over women’s empowerment regarding family planning choices among reproductive age women. However, employment appeared to play a strong protective role associated with women’s contraceptive use. It is important for programs seeking to transform gender equality and empower women in making contraceptive choices to consider women’s employment opportunities and to also address male attitudinal norms in the context of the ecosystem in which men and women coexist and interact.

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How Maharashtra Invests for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: A Gender Budget Analysis

Review of Market Integration ◽

10.1177/09749292211042676 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 139-158

Author(s):

Shoumeli Das ◽

Anuradha Nair

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Public Investment ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Jel Classification ◽

The State ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Budget Analysis ◽

Role Of The State ◽

Transgender Persons ◽

Development Trajectory

Despite being one of India’s most economically progressive states, Maharashtra’s human development trajectory has been plagued by severe inequalities with pronounced gendered implications. In order to unpack the role of the state in responding to the needs of women, girls and transgender persons through policies and budgets, this article deep dives into the public investment for gender equality and women’s empowerment in Maharashtra. We map policy priorities from the State Policy for Women 2014 to schemes and budgets as reported in the state’s first Gender Budget Statement 2020–2021. The study finds there is a large gap between policy and implementation, and that the investment on women, girls and transgender persons is abysmally inadequate. The analysis points to the lack of holistic investment across critical sectors, absence of a transformative enabling environment and insufficient interventions for the intersectional gender needs of the most vulnerable. JEL Classification: H72, H75, I38, J16

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