scholarly journals PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DI KELURAHAN KALEGOWA, KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adzimat Tinur Haque ◽  
Budi Setiawati ◽  
Nuryanti Mustari
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
And Training

 Various phenomena related to women both in the political, economic, social, cultural and existential creates differences between men and women. Who gave birth to the idea that the position of women and men differ, women tend to be subordinate in the household. Therefore, in this paper want to see the role of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment in improving the quality of women. Peneliian uses descriptive research is data collected kualitatiff dideskriptifkan based on direct interviews and direct observation in the field. Role of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment in Women's Empowerment is to socialize the business group to participants empowerment, mentoring ranging from the preparation, implementation and evaluation, and the latter is training, which includes the training of making traditional snacks, training party bag and training dressmaking , in the event that serves as the implementing agency ie Family Planning and women's empowerment assisted by NGOs (Non Governmental Organization) as well as the PKK, while functioning as a participant that will empower women. With the passage of the role women can already malakukan Access, Control, Benefits and Participation  Berbagai fenomena terkait dengan perempuan baik dalam bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya menciptakan perbedaan eksistensial antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Hingga melahirkan pemikiran bahwa kedudukan perempuan dan laki-laki berbeda, perempuan cenderung sebagai subordinat dalam rumah tangga. Untuk itu, dalam tulisan ini hendak melihat peran Badan Keluarga Berencana dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam meningkatkan kualitas perempuan. Peneliian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatiff yaitu data yang dikumpulkan dideskriptifkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara langsung dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Peran Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan yaitu dengan melakukan sosialisasi tentang kelompok usaha kepada peserta pemberdayaan, pendampingan mulai dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan hingga evaluasi, dan yang terakhir yaitu pelatihan yang didalamnya berisi pelatihan pembuatan jajanan pasar, pelatihan tas pesta dan pelatihan penjahitan, dalam kegiatan tersebut yang berfungsi sebagai pelaksana yaitu Badan Keluarga Berencana Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan yang dibantu oleh LSM ( Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat) serta tim penggerak PKK, sedangkan yang berfungsi sebagai peserta yaitu perempuan yang akan melakukan pemberdayaan. Dengan berjalannya peran tersebut perempuan sudah bisa malakukan Akses, Kontrol, Manfaat dan Partisipasi.

scholarly journals Peranan Praktek Menjahit di Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan (LKP) Inun: Strategi Pemberdayaan Perempuan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-120
Author(s):  
Aisyah Budi Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
And Training

Inun Institute for Training and Training (LKP) is an institution under the auspices of the Binjai City Women's Empowerment Office authorized in the field of women's empowerment through a sewing skills program. The institution aims to create skilled workers in the field of sewing clothes. The institute educates trainees totaling 20 people consisting of housewives and women dropping out of school under experienced instructors. This training runs for 3 months. It is expected that after receiving training, participants will be able to be independent and be able to open their own jobs. This study aims to determine the role of LKP Inun in empowering women through sewing skills programs, as well as the economic impact after receiving training. The research method used is in the form of a qualitative study with literature. Data obtained from interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation.The results of the study found that trainees succeeded in increasing family income. It was evident from interviews that trainees could help with their children's education costs from the results of sewing wages.Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan (LKP)  Inun merupakan lembaga dibawah naungan Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan kota Binjai yang berwenang dibidang pemberdayaan perempuan melalui program keterampilan menjahit Lembaga yang bertujuan menciptakan tenaga terampil dibidang penjahitan pakaian  ini memberdayakan perempuan khususnya di kota Binjai agar mampu mandiri dalam bidang perekonomian. Lembaga  tersebut mendidik peserta latihan yang berjumlah 20 orang yang terdiri dari ibu rumah tangga dan wanita putus sekolah di bawah instruktur yang berpengalaman. Pelatihan ini berjalan selama 3 bulan. Diharapkan setelah mendapatkan pelatihan, peserta mampu mandiri dan bisa membuka lapangan pekerjaan sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran LKP Inun dalam memberdayakan perempuan melalui program keterampilan menjahit, serta  dampak  perekonomian setelah mendapatkan pelatihan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai berbentuk kualitatif dengan pendalaman pustaka. Data didapat dari wawancara, observasi non partisipan, serta dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian didapat bahwa peserta latihan berhasil meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga. Terbukti dari wawancara bahwa peserta latihan bisa membantu  biaya pendidikan anaknya dari hasil upah menjahit.Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Perempuan

scholarly journals Family Planning Decision-Making at Grass Roots Level: Case Studies in West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rina Herartri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Village

<p>This thesis examines the process of family planning decision-making with a view to understanding women's empowerment within the context of the Indonesian population policies and family planning programme. The objective of the family planning programme, established in 1970, is to create 'small, happy and prosperous families' through community participation. This goal has been strengthened by the passage of Law No. 10 of 1992 concerning "Population Development and the Development of Prosperous Families". From 2000, in line with the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action, women's empowerment has become one of the major concerns of the family planning programme as stipulated in its new vision and mission statements. Data for this thesis are provided by fieldwork conducted in two villages in West Java province, Indonesia, from December 2002 until May 2003. A qualitative research design, with a phenomenological approach, has shaped the conduct of this study. The case studies in the two villages revealed that the philosophy of 'small and prosperous family' has permeated down to the village. This idea has influenced the village couples' decisions regarding family size. Smaller families with better-educated children are believed to lead to increased family prosperity. Generally, decisions to do with family planning and childbearing are made by women because men regard them as women's business. The contraceptive preferences show that women bear the major responsibility in the use of family planning methods. Thus women in these villages were empowered, but only partially. The women's role in terms of decision-making still exists within the framework of the interests of their husbands. Nevertheless, women's empowerment in family planning, through access to information and contraceptive services, has emerged from the case studies as a key factor that has enabled village women to make informed choices to control their family size. Women's control of fertility has been a major contributor to the success in reducing fertility and increasing family prosperity.</p>

scholarly journals Program Multi Level Marketing Generasi Berencana Kabupaten Pasuruan Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-295
Author(s):  
Fitria Dwi Murti ◽  
Zayin Chudlori
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Marketing Planning ◽  
The Family ◽  
Multi Level

This article discusses the theory of mashlahah mursalah on the Multi Level Marketing Planning Generation Program (MLM Genre) of the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office in Pasuruan Regency. From the research on the MLM Genre program organized by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency, it can be concluded: First, this program has not been implemented properly because the program should have been implemented in every sub-district in Pasuruan Regency, which amounted to twenty-four Districts, but for now it is still running in five districts only. Among the factors is the lack of awareness of the Pasuruan community to participate in running the program. Second, the Multi Level Marketing Planning Generation Program organized by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency in terms of activities and material delivered by the Family Planning and Women's Empowerment Office of Pasuruan Regency provides benefits for adolescents and the surrounding community who will get married. In the perspective of the maslahah mursalah, it has fulfilled the requirements of the mashlahah, and does not contradict to the texts, real, general in nature, and has many benefits.

scholarly journals Peran Perempuan dalam Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga di Era 4.0

SKETSA BISNIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Ary Ratih ◽  
Ni Putu Nina Eka Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the process of implementing women's empowerment through the Business to Increase Family Income (UP2K) program in the industrial era 4.0, as well as to find out the impact of implementing the Family Income Increase Business (UP2K) program on improving family welfare. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach, and through data collection by interview, further analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that the role of women's empowerment in Tibubeneng Village was in accordance with their understanding, namely the process of obtaining power, strength or ability from those who have power to those who are less or less empowered. The impact of women's empowerment through UP2K in Tibubeneng Village is felt very good, effective and assisted by PKK women who are engaged in the business unit. This can be seen from the increase in program activities that can be carried out and the addition of training members every year _____________________________________________________________________Studi ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pemberdayaan perempuan melalui program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) pada era industri 4.0, serta mengetahui dampak dari pelaksanaan program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan keluarga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan melalui pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran pemberdayaan perempuan di Desa Tibubeneng sudah sesuai dengan pemahamannya, yaitu proses untuk memperoleh daya, kekuatan atau kemampuan dari pihak yang memiliki daya kepada pihak yang kurang atau belum berdaya Dampak Pemberdayaan perempuan melalui UP2K di Desa Tibubeneng dirasakan sangat baik, efektif dan membantu oleh ibu- ibu PKK yang menekuni unit usaha tersebut. Hal itu bisa dilihat dari bertambahnya program kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan dan penambahan anggota pelatihan setiap tahunnya.

scholarly journals Implikasi Pendidikan Kristen dalam Keluarga Menurut Efesus 6:1-4 Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Reynhard Malau
Keyword(s):  
Christian Education ◽  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Interpretive Paradigm ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fear Of God ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study aims to see the implications of Christian education in families according to the text of Ephesians 6: 1-4 during the Covid-19 pandemic. In connection with the biblical text as an object, this research is classified as a type of descriptive research using an interpretive paradigm, more precisely called the interpretive descriptive method, by interpreting the text of Ephesians 6: 1-4, this method aims to build a theoretical framework that underlies interpretation, as well as describes the results of the analysis on the basis of findings which are clarified by theory. The results of this study are the implications of Christian education in the family according to the text of Ephesians 6: 1-4 during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely: improving the quality of the role of parents in the spiritual growth of children, as described in the exegesis of Ephesians 6: 1-4, growth. Spiritual children are the responsibility of parents, a child will respect their parents on the basis of fear of God, direction and education from parents which are also based on fear of God. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implikasi pendidikan Kristen dalam keluarga menurut teks Efesus 6: 1-4 pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Berhubungan dengan teks Alkitab sebagai objek, maka penelitian ini tergolong dalam jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan paradigma interpretatif, lebih tepatnya disebut metode deskriptif interpretatif, dengan melakukan tafsir terhadap teks Efesus 6: 1-4, metode ini bertujuan membangun kerangka teori yang melandasi penafsiran, serta membeberkan hasil analisis atas dasar temuan yang diklarifikasi dengan teori. Hasil penelitian ini adalah implikasi pendidikan Kristen dalam keluarga menurut teks Efesus 6: 1-4 pada masa pandemi Covid-19, yaitu: meningkatkan kualitas peran orangtua terhadap pertumbuhan rohani anak, seperti apa yang telah dijabarkan pada eksegesis Efesus 6: 1-4, pertumbuhan rohani anak sudah merupakan tanggung jawab dari orangtua, seorang anak akan menghormati orangtuanya atas dasar rasa takut akan Tuhan karena arahan dan pendidikan dari orangtua yang juga didasari oleh rasa takut akan Tuhan.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Kader Keluarga Berencana tentang Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang dalam Peningkatkan Minat Pasangan Usia Subur di Kabupaten Banyuwangi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Indah Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Long Term Family Planning

ABSTRAKPeran kader KB bagian dari masyarakat dimana sangat penting dapat memberikan motivasi kepada masyarakat terutama pada keluarga berencana dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi. Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MJKP) merupakan bagian dari program keluarga berencana  sebagai upaya mengatur jarak kehamilan. Penggunaan MKJP yang masih rendah sekitar 37% diperlukan  Kader memiliki peranan dalam meningkatkan minat aseptor KB jangka Panjang dengan sasaran PUS di Desa Karangrejo Kecamatan Blimbingsari, Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan kader KB tentang kontrasepsi  jangka Panjang untuk meningkatkan minat Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS). Metode penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel  yang diambil adalah semua kader KB di Desa Karangrejo kecamatan Blimbingsari tahun 2020 sebanyak 86 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan kader KB tentang MKJP secara keseluruhan kategori baik 21%, cukup 34,8% dan kurang 44,2% . Gambaran pengetahuan kader menunjukkan kemampuan kader dalam memberikan informasi kepada PUS tentang kontrasepsi jangka panjang yang nantinya akan berdampak pada peningkatan minat PUS dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi jangka panjang. Kesimpulannya dari hasil penelitian bahwa pengetahuan kader sangat penting dalam keaktifan kader dalam memberikan motivasi kepada PUS. Disarankan bagi setiap kader diberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan tentang MKJP dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader KB untuk bisa lebih aktif dalam memberikan informasi dan motivasi kepada semua ibu PUS tentang kontrasepsi jangka Panjang dan bagi Bidan dapat melakukan pendampingan secara kontinyu kepada kader sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan cakupan akseptor KB jangka Panjang seperti IUD,Implan dan MOW.Kata Kunci : kade; pengetahuan; kontrasepsi  ABSTRACTThe role of family planning cadres as part of the community is very important to be able to motivate the community, especially for family planning in using contraception. Long-Term Contraceptive Method is part of the family planning program as an effort to regulate pregnancy spacing. The use of Long-Term Contraceptive Method which is still low around 37% is needed cadres’ roles in increasing the interest of long-term family planning acceptors with the target couples of childbearing age in Karangrejo Village, Blimbingsari District. The method was quantitative descriptive research. The samples taken were all family planning cadres in Karangrejo Village, Blimbingsari 2020 as many as 86 respondents by using total sampling. The results showed that the knowledge of family planning cadres about Long-Term Contraceptive Method was in the good category of 21%, 34.8% sufficient and 44.2% less. The overview of cadres’ knowledge showed their ability to provide information to the couples of childbearing age about long-term contraception which will have an impact on increasing their interest in using long-term contraception. The conclusion showed that the cadres’ knowledge is very important in providing motivation to the couples of childbearing age. It is recommended for every cadre to be given training and counseling about Long-Term Contraceptive Method in increasing their knowledge to be more active in providing information and motivation to all women of reproductive age about long-term contraception and for midwives to provide continuous assistance to cadres as an effort to increase the coverage of long-term family planning acceptors such as  IUD, Implant and Female Operation Medical.Key Words : cadres; knowledge; contraception.

scholarly journals Family Planning Decision-Making at Grass Roots Level: Case Studies in West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rina Herartri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Village

<p>This thesis examines the process of family planning decision-making with a view to understanding women's empowerment within the context of the Indonesian population policies and family planning programme. The objective of the family planning programme, established in 1970, is to create 'small, happy and prosperous families' through community participation. This goal has been strengthened by the passage of Law No. 10 of 1992 concerning "Population Development and the Development of Prosperous Families". From 2000, in line with the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action, women's empowerment has become one of the major concerns of the family planning programme as stipulated in its new vision and mission statements. Data for this thesis are provided by fieldwork conducted in two villages in West Java province, Indonesia, from December 2002 until May 2003. A qualitative research design, with a phenomenological approach, has shaped the conduct of this study. The case studies in the two villages revealed that the philosophy of 'small and prosperous family' has permeated down to the village. This idea has influenced the village couples' decisions regarding family size. Smaller families with better-educated children are believed to lead to increased family prosperity. Generally, decisions to do with family planning and childbearing are made by women because men regard them as women's business. The contraceptive preferences show that women bear the major responsibility in the use of family planning methods. Thus women in these villages were empowered, but only partially. The women's role in terms of decision-making still exists within the framework of the interests of their husbands. Nevertheless, women's empowerment in family planning, through access to information and contraceptive services, has emerged from the case studies as a key factor that has enabled village women to make informed choices to control their family size. Women's control of fertility has been a major contributor to the success in reducing fertility and increasing family prosperity.</p>

HUBUNGAN PERAN FAMILY CAREGIVER TERHADAP QUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
RIANI PRADARA JATI ◽  
Sekar Farah Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family

  Penempatan peran yang baik bagi Family Caregiver sangatlah membantu lansia dalam meningkatkah qualitas hidupnya, meningkatkan motivasi dalam menjalankan hidup Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui hubungan peran Family Caregiver dalam pemenuhan qualitas hidup bagi lansia di Kelurahan Langenharjo Kabupaten Kendal. DesainPenelitianDeskriptifKorelasional menggunakan pendekatan Krosectional,tehnikSamplingStratified Simple Random Sampling dengan karakteristik heterogen, dari populasi mempunyai hak yang sama untuk diseleksi sebagai sampel teknik undianPengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik Chi-square, dengan taraf signifikasi 5%jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 70 sampel pada Family Caregiver dari 213 populasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian dari 70 responden didapatkan Peran Family Caregiver tidak baik dengan qualitas hidup tidak baik 33 (47,1%), sedangkan Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik 3 (4,3%). Untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik sebanyak 6 responden (8,6%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik sebanyak 23 responden (32,9%). Terakhir, untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik didapatkan hasil 2 responden (2, 9%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik didapatkan hasil 3 responden (4,3%)Menunjukkan nilai ρ value 0,001 (ρ < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan lansia dalam keikutsertaan posyandu lansia. Disarankan kepada semua Family Cregiver lansia untuk mampu memahami pentingnya perhatian, dukungan bagi lansia dalammeningkatkan qualitas hidup yang lebih baik bagi lansia.   Kata kunci : Peran family caregiver, qualitas hidup, lansia.   ABSTRACT Placement of a good role for Family Caregiver is very helpful for the elderly to improve their quality of life, increase motivation in living life Research Objective: To know the relationship between the role of Family Caregiver in fulfilling quality of life for the elderly in Langenharjo Village, Kendal Regency. Descriptive Correlational Research Design uses a cross sectional approach, Sampling Stratified Simple Random Sampling technique with heterogeneous characteristics, from the population has the same right to be selected as a sample lottery technique Retrieving data using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Test Chi-square statistics, with a significance level of 5% the number of samples in this study 70 samples on the Family Caregiver from 213 populations. Results of the Study Of 70 respondents found the role of Family Caregiver was not good with poor quality of life 33 (47.1%) , while the role of the Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of a good elderly 3 (4.3%). For the distribution of the role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of the poor family as many as 6 respondents (8.6%) while for the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of good elderly as many as 23 respondents (32.9%). Finally, the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the poor is obtained by 2 respondents (2, 9%), while the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the elderly is obtained by 3 respondents (4.3%). 0.001 (ρ <0.05) means that there is a relationship between family support and the compliance of the elderly in the participation of the elderly posyandu. It is recommended to all elderly Cregiver families to be able to understand the importance of attention, support for the elderly in improving the quality of life better for the elderly   Keywords: Role of Family Caregiver, Quality of Life, Elderly

Operations Research on the Female Village-Based Family Planning Worker Program of Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-305
Author(s):  
Louisiana Lush ◽  
George P. Cernada ◽  
A. K. Ubaidur Rob ◽  
Mohammed Shafiq Arif ◽  
Minhaj Ul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Training ◽  
Broad Program

This article presents the results of a number of operations research studies (OR) of family planning services provided by a new cadre of female village-based family planning workers in Punjab Province, Pakistan. This cadre of workers, recruited nationwide, have been trained to visit women in their villages to provide information and family planning services. The studies were conducted as part of a broad program of technical assistance to the Government of Pakistan. Surveys investigated the quality of their training as well as attitudes among clients to the new program. They found that the program is developing well but there is room for improvement, particularly in counseling and training. Additional field studies are ongoing and recommendations for change have been incorporated in training and supervision. The program is expanding on a national scale.

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