scholarly journals Cooligomerization of dominant monomers of C9 fraction of liquid pyrolysis products: comparison of heterogeneous catalytic approach with common methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Voronchak ◽  
Irena Nykulyshyn ◽  
Zorian Pikh ◽  
Anna Rypka ◽  
Zoriana Gnativ
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Density ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Catalytic Method ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Liquid Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Fuel Pyrolysis

AbstractCooligomerization of liquid products of the C9 fraction of diesel fuel pyrolysis to produce cooligomers of wide application is suggested to be carried out with silica-alumina catalysts, among which the activated bentonite clay seems to be optimal. Cooligomerization of the mixture simulating the C9 fraction composition was studied to compare the suggested heterogeneous catalytic method with other methods of cooligomers production. Different methods have been compared in terms of yield of cooligomers and their properties, namely molecular weight and its distribution, density, unsaturation and colour. The ratio of monomer units in cooligomer has been determined and the monomers conversion degrees have been calculated for different cooligomerization methods. Reasons of structure and composition differences of cooligomers obtained by different methods are suggested.

scholarly journals ZnAlMCM-41; a very ecofriendly and reusable solid acid catalyst for highly selective synthesis of 1, 3-dioxanes by Prins cyclization of olefins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manickam Selvaraj ◽  
Mohammed A. Assiri ◽  
Hari Singh ◽  
Jimmy Nelson Appaturi ◽  
Subrahmanyam Ch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Selective Synthesis ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Catalytic Method ◽  
Prins Cyclization ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic

Prins cyclization of styrene (SE) with paraformaldehyde (PFCHO) was conducted with mesoporous ZnAlMCM-41 catalysts for synthesis of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane (4-PDO) under a liquid phase heterogeneous catalytic method. For comparison study, the...

scholarly journals Application of activated bentonite for the removal of direct and reactive dye from aqueous solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Zdravkovic ◽  
Novica Stankovic ◽  
Nebojsa Ristic ◽  
Goran Petkovic
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The aim of this study was to determine adsorptive properties of acid activated bentonite clay for the removal of Direct Red 173 (DR 173) and Reactive Red 22 (RR 22) dyes from aqueous solutions. Raw and modified clay were characterized by the following methods: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The efficiency of activated clay adsorption was investigated depending on process parameters: the adsorbent dose, pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, and contact time. Experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm as well as kinetic models of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion. The process of dye adsorption was best described by Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm (R2 > 0.97). Pseudo-second order model (R2 > 0.99) had the highest correlation with the obtained kinetic results. The positive value of ?H? indicated that adsorption of dyes by activated bentonite clay is endothermic process. The activated bentonite exhibited good regenerative ability in the 0.1 M NaOH solution. Maximum adsorption capacities of acid activated bentonite clay at 25?C for DR 173 and RR 22 dyes were 356.65 and 109.58 ?mol g-1, respectively.

scholarly journals PROCESSING OF LIQUID PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS TO PRODUCE BENZENE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Valeriy Narushevich ◽  
Кузнецова Татьяна ◽  
Tat'yana Raskulova
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Process ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Liquid Pyrolysis Products

The main industrial methods of benzene production are considered. Comparison of the parameters of operation and purity of the obtained benzene of the main industrial hydrodealkylation plants showed the advantages of the catalytic process

Study of the composition and environmental aspects of the use of pyrolysis distillate of the Ustyurt gas chemical complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
M.N. Tsukanov ◽  
◽  
V.M. Kapustin ◽  
M.J. Makhmudov ◽  
R.V. Khakimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Useful Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Liquid Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Broad Fraction ◽  
Technical Products

The development of technologically efficient and economical methods of using liquid pyrolysis products is a task of current interest. Despite the apparent variety of developments, the proposed methods are reduced either to obtaining a set of fractions, which are subsequently used as technical products, or to obtaining a wide range of individual compounds. The complexity and wastelessness of oil refining and petrochemistry, which has become especially acute due to the increasing negative impact of human activities on the environment, provides for the complete utilization of all material flows with the maximum extraction of useful components, the use of technologies, catalysts and reagents that exclude the formation of harmful emissions and waste. Currently, one of the most common methods for producing lower olefins (ethylene, propylene, butylenes) is the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons of various origins (gas, straight-run gasoline, a broad fraction of light hydrocarbons, etc.).

scholarly journals Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Optimization to Produce Fuel Grade Using Factorial Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 13005
Author(s):  
Renanto Pandu Wirawan ◽  
Farizal
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fuel Pyrolysis

Indonesia is one of the biggest plastic waste production in the world. The government targets to reach 20% for recycling plastic waste in 2019. One alternative to manage plastic waste is using pyrolysis to produce fuel. Pyrolysis is used to degrade the plastic long chain of polymer molecules into smaller molecules. All type of plastic except polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were used in this study to produce fuel. For the purpose, experiment factorial design was used for the optimisation plastic type, residence time, and temperature to maximise the yield of liquid products of the pyrolysis process. In this study 2k factorial design was used for each factor. The result shows that the pyrolysis process used is able to produce diesel like fuel in low temperature.

Preparation and evaluation of heavy metal rejection properties of polyetherimide/porous activated bentonite clay nanocomposite membrane

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (88) ◽  
pp. 47240-47248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghavendra S. Hebbar ◽  
Arun M. Isloor ◽  
A. F. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Nanocomposite Membrane ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Modified Membrane ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

The acid activated bentonite clay with 1.0 to 4.0 wt% was incorporated into PEI membranes and was extensively studied for its morphology, hydrophilicity and other properties. The modified membrane exhibited an increment in porosity, hydrophilicity and a reduction in hydraulic resistance. The membranes showed rejection of 69.3%, 76.2% and 82.5% for 250 ppm of Cd(ii), Ni(ii) and Cu(ii) ion solutions, respectively.

Research on the Microwave Pyrolysis of Coal under N2 Atmosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 672-675
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Wen Zhi Shang ◽  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
Xin Zhe Lan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Weight Loss Rate ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Microwave Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Products

Microwave pyrolysis of low rank coal is a new technology of cleaner production. The effect of microwave power and flow rate of N2 on the yield of pyrolysis products under N2 atmosphere was explored. The results showed that the higher microwave power was, the higher all the terminal temperature, the yield of liquid products and the weight loss rate were. The flow rate of N2 had little influence on the yield of pyrolysis solid products, while it exerted a greater influence on the yield of pyrolysis liquid products. When the low rank coal was pyrolysised under the conditions of microwave power of 800W and flow rate of N2 of 4.0×10-4 m3/min, the yield of Bluecoke and liquid products respectively reached 65.8% and 18%.

scholarly journals Activated Palygorskite and Activated Bentonite Clay as the Catalysts of the Process of Cooligomers Obtaining from Ethylene Productions Byproducts

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Voronchak ◽  
◽  
Irena Nykulyshyn ◽  
Zorian Pikh ◽  
Anna Rypka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Activated Bentonite
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