Structural and optical properties of layers of pentacene formed by PLD method

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Potera ◽  
Piotr Sagan ◽  
Ihor Virt ◽  
Marian Kuzma ◽  
Grzegorz Wisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Organic Films ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
532 Nm

AbstractOrganic films fabrication offers the possibility of producing electronic devices of low weight, mechanical flexibility and low cost. One suitable material for organic film fabrigation which is the subject of the great interest is pentacene, because it is characterized by the large carrier mobility (∼1 cm2/Vs).In this work, the growth of pentacene layers using pulse laser deposition (PLD) on different substrates (glass/ITO, Si) is described and various processing parameters are investigated. Two pulsed YAG:Nd3+ laser wavelengths were used for the ablation of the PLD target: the first harmonic at 1064 nm aGn:dNdth3+e second at 532 nm. The structure of the layers formed was examined using SEM and RHEED methods. The results were compared with results of optical spectroscopy studies. It will be shown that layers deposed using second harmonics have a higher quality than those for first harmonic. The other PLD parametersalso have a strong influence on the structure quality of layers.

Do Male Black-capped Chickadees Eavesdrop on Song Contests? A Multi-speaker Playback Experiment

Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurene Ratcliffe ◽  
Daniel Mennill
Keyword(s):  
Equilateral Triangle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Other ◽  
Territorial Male ◽  
Territorial Defense ◽  
Dominance Status ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relative Quality

AbstractWithin a network of communicating individuals, animals may gather information about the relative quality of conspecifics by eavesdropping on their signalling interactions. For territorial male songbirds, eavesdropping may be a low-cost, low-risk method for assessing the relative quality of the males around them. We used a three-speaker playback design to evaluate whether male black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) respond differently to two simulated countersinging intruders who differ only in relative features of their singing performance. We arranged three loudspeakers in an equilateral triangle at the center of playback subjects' territories. After luring males to the first loudspeaker by broadcasting non-song vocalizations, we played songs from the remaining loudspeakers to simulate a countersinging interaction between two male intruders. During the interactions, one simulated intruder consistently overlapped the songs of the other, a behaviour thought to be a signal of directed aggression in songbirds. Territorial male chickadees discriminated between the simulated intruders by preferentially approaching the loudspeaker broadcasting the overlapping signal, suggesting that males eavesdrop on other males' countersinging interactions. Male responses to playback support the idea that overlapping is a more threatening signal than being overlapped. Responses varied with the dominance status of the subject. High-ranking males approached the overlapping loudspeaker in 15 of 16 cases whereas low-ranking males approached the overlapping speaker in only 5 of 10 cases, suggesting that males of different quality may use different tactics for territorial defense.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Structure Quality of Web from Electrospun Nanofibres

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Milašius ◽  
Jolanta Malašauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Normal Distributions ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibres ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Modal Values ◽  
Uniform Diameter

Abstract Electrospinning is remarkably a simple and versatile method for producing nanofibres. The diameter of nanofibres can vary from 10 nm to >1000 nm. In electrospinning, most of the attention is focused on producing fibres with a uniform diameter. It is very important to understand how the diameter and its distribution vary with the materials used and the processing parameters. An analysis of literature sources has shown that the distribution curves of the diameters obtained are very complex and do not resemble normal distributions, while they do more closely correspond to those of compound distributions. The goal of this article is to analyse the distributions of the nanofibre diameters and to propose a new method for the evaluation process of nanofibres and the quality of a nanofibre web. The uniformity of structure and the quality of nanofibres web must be described by average values. The peaks of modal values and the percentage quantity of them must be used for evaluation of a web structure.

scholarly journals Analisis kualitas struktur dan keberadaan literasi kuantitatif pada lembar kerja peserta didik biologi SMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Ramadhayanti Ramadhayanti ◽  
Soesy Asiah Soesilawaty ◽  
Eni Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Claim ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Quantitative Biology ◽  
Quantitative Literacy ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Biology Student ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The structure quality of student worksheet will determine the actualization of learning objectives required by curriculum. Besides that, as an effort to support the science development to be more quantitative, biology student worksheets should have the quantitative literacy indicators, such as interpretation, representation, calculation, application/ analysis,  assumption, and communication. This research is aimed to explain the structure quality and the existence of quantitative literacy in biology student worksheets for senior high school. The research method is quantitative descriptive. The subject of this research is 40 student worksheets in biology book for class 11 published by A, B, and C publisher. The result shows that the student worksheets from A has the best structure quality according to Vee Diagram. The percentage of structure quality of student worksheet in A book is  55,5%, followed by B (53,2%) and C (29,9%). The existence of quantitative literacy that can be identified from the books are interpretation, calculation, application/analysis, and communication. All of the interpretation and calculation indicator found in record/transformation component, while all of the application/analysis indicator found in knowledge claim component. Communication indicator found in two components, record/ transformation (50%) and knowledge claim (50%).

Efficacy of Composites for Fabrication of Orthotic Calipers

2017 ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Kaushik Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Alternative Material

Composites based materials are becoming more important in the field of aerospace, automobile, medicine, sports, energy etc. The principal quality of composite materials is their higher strength, firmness, resistant to corrosion and comparatively low weight when compared to the metals. The main aim of the work is to replace the presently used orthotic calipers with the proposed polymeric based composites as in last few years composites have generated broad research in engineering and research field due to its smaller density, low cost, recyclable, environment friendly and capable of being decomposed. Here, the authors have proposed two polymeric based composites (thermoplast and thermoset) as an alternative material of construction and hence their various properties were investigated. The authors after performing the experiment unveil that the strength and firmness of thermoset based composites (Epoxy + Carbon) is higher and have lower weight- to- volume ratio than that of the presently used (Aluminum based) orthotic calipers.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH STOMACH CANCER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacó dos Santos Baima ◽  
Clisneia Alves Pereira ◽  
José Carlos de Sales Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nutritional Monitoring ◽  
Treatment Tolerance

This study aims to evaluate how food and nutrition can improve the quality of life of people with gastric cancer, since these patients are faced with various nutritional problems, among them, low weight, and malnutrition. The study is methodologically constituted as a qualitative approach and bibliographical research. The techniques used were discussion and interpretation from the reading of articles on the subject published in SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library), Pub Med., Service of the National Library of Medicine). exploring the data of the results that discuss the subject in question. The study found that nutritional care leads to an improvement and well-being in the quality of life of patients affected by stomach cancer. Thus, nutritional monitoring can provide a reduction in the adverse effects of treatment and the risk of malnutrition, improving treatment tolerance, quality of life and prognosis.

scholarly journals Study of slurry dewatering in a horizontally placed shell filtering construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01052
Author(s):  
Maxim Tyulenev ◽  
Sergey Markov ◽  
Sergey Kravchenko ◽  
Stefan Vöth
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
The Subject

Dewatering of water-coal slurry or thickened product under conditions of operating SUEK-Kuzbass JSC enrichment plants is a promising direction of obtaining technogenic mineral resources. It should also be noted that the quality of the obtained product will be directly influenced by the quality of the initial raw materials. If the content of carbon particles is high and the average ash content of the solid phase is low, such a slurry will be of interest in terms of obtaining additional volumes of coal after dewatering. The object of this study is water-coal slurry obtained at the outlet of the radial thickener (thickened product). The subject of the research is technology of thickened product dewatering with the use of shell filter constructions. The aim of the work is to develop and substantiate parameters of low-cost technology of thickened product dewatering to ensure an increase in economic and environmental efficiency of mining operations. The idea of the work is to use the laws of mass transfer of suspended particles of water-coal slurry by filtering through specially made shell filter constructions (SFC).

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Measuring Service Quality in The Context of Higher Education in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Education Service ◽  
The Subject

This paper focuses on the understanding of service quality in the context of Vietnamese universities. It proposes an approach for measuring the quality of the higher education service provided by universities in Vietnam. Firstly, an exploratory study was conducted. Then, the set of items which were generated became the subject of a questionnaire that was then administered to 675 students of a Vietnamese university to determine the dimensions of higher education service quality in this context. The obtained results permit us to appropriate a measurement scale which is slightly different from the SERVQUAL scale widely known as the standard for measuring service quality. The results also show that tangible elements, responsiveness and assurance seem to be three specific dimensions of the higher education service of Vietnamese universities.

Thomas More’s Correspondence in a Spanish Ambiance

Moreana ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (Number 149) (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio M. Olivares Merino
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The recent reprinting of Álvaro de Silva’s 1998 edition of a selection of More’s letters prompts the author to examine the subject of Spanish translations of More, and of de Silva’s general commentary on More’s correspondence and on his relationship to other humanists. The author reflects on aspects of More’s personality as exposed in his letters and uses what he finds as a corrective to several biographical misconceptions. He points out the strengths and weaknesses of de Silva’s work and compares it with that of other translators, particularly Elizabeth Rogers, and notes the particularly Spanish quality of de Silva’s edition.

From the Synergy to the Discrimination - Analysis of Attitudes and Decisions of the Prison Staff Towards Muslim Prisoners in the Context of Multicultural Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Diverse Groups

The aspiration to keep the synergy in relations between majorities and minorities repeatedly emerges as the cause of conflicts in social relations. It is also a subject of the interest of the multicultural education, particularly in countries of Eastern Europe, building contacts with the culturally and ethnically diverse groups to a wider scale. Relations in culturally, religiously and ethnic diverse societies, are becoming more and more related to the personal attitudes and a given policy. These issues acquire in the prison circumstances even greater significance, as given moods and personal attitudes of the prison staff create the pragmatic aspects of the professional activities addressed to the sentenced. Additionally, the key role is played by the quality of the penitentiary policy and the legal culture. The article presents the comparative analysis of the research carried out in 2016 amongst the prison staff in Poland. The subject of the research concerned attitudes that influence the decisive processes. The personal relations have been analyzed in the context of the relation with the sentenced Muslims. The aim of the research was not only to reveal the quality of the decisions concerning the sentenced Muslims, but also the sources of such decisions. The latter, in consequence, may shift, as the research results prove, towards synergy or discrimination. The diversification of the discrimination was one of the intriguing aspects, disclosed at various levels that not always explicitly concerned the discrimination of the minority.

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