Efficacy of Composites for Fabrication of Orthotic Calipers

2017 ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Kaushik Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Alternative Material

Composites based materials are becoming more important in the field of aerospace, automobile, medicine, sports, energy etc. The principal quality of composite materials is their higher strength, firmness, resistant to corrosion and comparatively low weight when compared to the metals. The main aim of the work is to replace the presently used orthotic calipers with the proposed polymeric based composites as in last few years composites have generated broad research in engineering and research field due to its smaller density, low cost, recyclable, environment friendly and capable of being decomposed. Here, the authors have proposed two polymeric based composites (thermoplast and thermoset) as an alternative material of construction and hence their various properties were investigated. The authors after performing the experiment unveil that the strength and firmness of thermoset based composites (Epoxy + Carbon) is higher and have lower weight- to- volume ratio than that of the presently used (Aluminum based) orthotic calipers.

scholarly journals III–V Nanowires: Synthesis, Property Manipulations, and Device Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fang ◽  
Ning Han ◽  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Zai-xing Yang ◽  
SenPo Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Property Control

III–V semiconductor nanowire (NW) materials possess a combination of fascinating properties, including their tunable direct bandgap, high carrier mobility, excellent mechanical flexibility, and extraordinarily large surface-to-volume ratio, making them superior candidates for next generation electronics, photonics, and sensors, even possibly on flexible substrates. Understanding the synthesis, property manipulation, and device integration of these III–V NW materials is therefore crucial for their practical implementations. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent development in III–V NWs with the focus on their cost-effective synthesis, corresponding property control, and the relevant low-operating-power device applications. We will first introduce the synthesis methods and growth mechanisms of III–V NWs, emphasizing the low-cost solid-source chemical vapor deposition (SSCVD) technique, and then discuss the physical properties of III–V NWs with special attention on their dependences on several typical factors including the choice of catalysts, NW diameters, surface roughness, and surface decorations. After that, we present several different examples in the area of high-performance photovoltaics and low-power electronic circuit prototypes to further demonstrate the potential applications of these NW materials. Towards the end, we also make some remarks on the progress made and challenges remaining in the III–V NW research field.

A Dry Trenching Diaphragm Wall in Soft Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 666-669
Author(s):  
Zheng Sheng Zou ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Wen Qing Zhang ◽  
Qing Hua Kong
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Diaphragm Wall ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
A New Technique

Generally, it is difficult to control the trench stability and panel joint permeability in the construction of a diaphragm wall. The high construction cost is inevitable because of the environmental pollution due to the slurry, waste of water consumption, and debris disposal treatment. A new technique, called the dry trenching diaphragm wall with self-guided double-rectangular-casing, is thereafter developed in the current study to avoid these problems. In this technique, two pieces of rectangular steel casing are driven in sequence and guided each other. The trench is made by squeezing into the soft soil. The panel alignment and straightness are assured without any joints due to the dry concrete pouring instead of the influences of the slurry. Compared to the regular diaphragm wall, the technique is an environment-friendly, less emissive and energy-conserved one by eliminating the slurry pollution with the low cost. It shows that the quality of panel connection is reliable, and the permeation-proof performance is superior with high efficiency in wall-forming due to non-joint interlocking.

scholarly journals Exploration of Microbial Factories for Synthesis of Nanoparticles – A Sustainable Approach for Bioremediation of Environmental Contaminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riti T. Kapoor ◽  
Marcia R. Salvadori ◽  
Mohd Rafatullah ◽  
Masoom R. Siddiqui ◽  
Moonis A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis

The nanomaterials synthesis is an intensifying research field due to their wide applications. The high surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles and quick interaction capacity with different particles make them as an attractive tool in different areas. Conventional physical and chemical procedures for development of metal nanoparticles become outmoded due to extensive production method, energy expenditure and generation of toxic by-products which causes significant risks to the human health and environment. Hence, there is a growing requirement to search substitute, non-expensive, reliable, biocompatible and environmental friendly methods for development of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles synthesis by microorganisms has gained significant interest due to their potential to synthesize nanoparticles in various sizes, shape and composition with different physico-chemical properties. Microbes can be widely applied for nanoparticles production due to easy handling and processing, requirement of low-cost medium such as agro-wastes, simple scaling up, economic viability with the ability of adsorbing and reducing metal ions into nanoparticles through metabolic processes. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles offers clean, non-toxic, environmentally benign and sustainable approach in which renewable materials can be used for metal reduction and nanoparticle stabilization. Nanomaterials synthesized through microbes can be used as a pollution abatement tool as they also contain multiple functional groups that can easily target pollutants for efficient bioremediation and promotes environmental cleanup. The objective of the present review is to highlight the significance of micro-organisms like bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, yeast, algae and viruses for nanoparticles synthesis and advantages of microbial approaches for elimination of heavy metals, dyes and wastewater treatment.

Structural and optical properties of layers of pentacene formed by PLD method

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Potera ◽  
Piotr Sagan ◽  
Ihor Virt ◽  
Marian Kuzma ◽  
Grzegorz Wisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Organic Films ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
532 Nm

AbstractOrganic films fabrication offers the possibility of producing electronic devices of low weight, mechanical flexibility and low cost. One suitable material for organic film fabrigation which is the subject of the great interest is pentacene, because it is characterized by the large carrier mobility (∼1 cm2/Vs).In this work, the growth of pentacene layers using pulse laser deposition (PLD) on different substrates (glass/ITO, Si) is described and various processing parameters are investigated. Two pulsed YAG:Nd3+ laser wavelengths were used for the ablation of the PLD target: the first harmonic at 1064 nm aGn:dNdth3+e second at 532 nm. The structure of the layers formed was examined using SEM and RHEED methods. The results were compared with results of optical spectroscopy studies. It will be shown that layers deposed using second harmonics have a higher quality than those for first harmonic. The other PLD parametersalso have a strong influence on the structure quality of layers.

Application of Composites in Orthotic Calipers and its Experimental Validations

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Kaushik Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Cad Tools ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Increasing population has led to numerous disabilities. One such disability which should be taken into account is related to human gait. Polio patients mainly suffer from this kind of disability due to which their muscles get weakened and they are unable to walk properly. The handicapped patients require an appliance with the help of which they can walk without any difficulties and the appliance acts as an aid for the correct positioning of their joints. Presently Aluminum Alloy based calipers are used but still the patients urge for better comfort. The requirement apart from more strength and stiffness, durability at lesser cost, environment friendly and light weight. Composite material is one such material which provides lower weight to volume ratio, high strength and stiffness at lesser cost. The purpose of the authors is to compare the mechanical properties of presently used aluminum calipers with polymeric thermoset based matrix (Carbon cloth with epoxy) based on CAD tools. The comparison reveals that thermoset based matrix will provide the maximum strength and firmness when compared to presently used Aluminum based calipers and model designed on CAD tools. Hence, the usage of the composite material will help the researchers design orthotic calipers which will have higher strength at a lower weight.

scholarly journals High-Frequency Acoustic Imaging Using Adhesive-Free Polymer Transducer

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1462
Author(s):  
Abhishek Ranjan ◽  
Chengxiang Peng ◽  
Sanat Wagle ◽  
Frank Melandsø ◽  
Anowarul Habib
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Sample ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Depth Imaging ◽  
Piezoelectric Polymer ◽  
B Scan Images ◽  
Scanning Acoustic Microscope

The piezoelectric polymer PVDF and its copolymers have a long history as transducer materials for medical and biological applications. An efficient use of these polymers can potentially both lower the production cost and offer an environment-friendly alternative for medical transducers which today is dominated by piezoelectric ceramics containing lead. The main goal of the current work has been to compare the image quality of a low-cost in-house transducers made from the copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) to a commercial PVDF transducer. Several test objects were explored with the transducers used in a scanning acoustic microscope, including a human articular cartilage sample, a coin surface, and an etched metal film with fine line structures. To evaluate the image quality, C- and B-scan images were obtained from the recorded time series, and compared in terms of resolution, SNR, point-spread function, and depth imaging capability. The investigation is believed to provide useful information about both the strengths and limitations of low-cost polymer transducers.

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Bamboo Waste-based Bio-composite Substance: An application for Low-cost Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Teodoro Astorga Amatosa ◽  
Michael E. Loretero
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Experimental Medium ◽  
Natural Treatment

Bamboo is a lightweight and high-strength raw materials that encouraged researchers to investigate and explore, especially in the field of biocomposite and declared as one of the green-technology on the environment as fully accountable as eco-products. This research was to assess the technical feasibility of making single-layer experimental Medium-Density Particleboard panels from the bamboo waste of a three-year-old (Dendrocalamus asper). Waste materials were performed to produce composite materials using epoxy resin (C21H25C105) from a natural treatment by soaking with an average of pH 7.6 level of sea-water. Three different types of MDP produced, i.e., bamboo waste strip MDP (SMDP), bamboo waste chips MDP (CMDP) and bamboo waste mixed strip-chips MDP (MMDP) by following the same process. The experimental panels tested for their physical-mechanical properties according to the procedures defined by ASTM D1037-12. Conclusively, even the present study shows properties of MDP with higher and comparable to other composite materials; further research must be given better attention as potential substitute to be used as hardwood materials, especially in the production, design, and construction usage.

Conceptual imposings of quality management of system of production of composite materials for it is rocket the space equipment

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
V. G. Isaev ◽  
T. N. Antipova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Required Quality

Basic provisions of the concept and methodology of production of composite materials for the missile and space equipment are offered. The system of the purposes realizing the principle of a priority of the purposes of the customer is offered. The system of evaluation criteria and indicators of quality of composite materials the realizing interrelation of requirements of the customer to quality of material and dependence of ensuring the required quality on the used technologies is developed. It is shown that for ensuring quality of composite materials for units and the RKT systems first of all it is necessary development of mathematical dependences of properties of materials on parameters of the technological modes in the conditions of obligatory implementation of requirements of the customer.

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