scholarly journals Efficiency of root canal cleaning using a single instrument with reciprocating motion systems and full rotation systems: a SEM study

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Živković ◽  
Jelena Nešković ◽  
Milica Jovanović Medojević ◽  
Marijana Popović Bajić ◽  
Dejan Ostojić
Keyword(s):  
Apical Part ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Full Rotation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Single Instrument ◽  
Group 1

Summary Introduction Efficient cleaning and canal design present a basic precondition for successful endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using SEM analysis, the efficacy of cleaning the apical third of the canal with one instrument in both reciprocating motion and full rotation systems. Materials and methods Thirty (30) single-rooted teeth (upper incisors), extracted due to periodontal reasons, were used and selected in 2 groups. In the group 1, instrumentation was done with a single instrument UNICONE with reciprocal movements (MEDIN, Czech Republic), while in the group 2, a single instrument XPS endo SHAPER (XPS) (FKG, Dentaire, Swiss) with full rotation was used. 2% solution of NaOCl and 17% EDTA solution were used as irrigation agents in both groups. SEM analysis of smear layer in the apical third was done at standard magnification of 1000x and presented on a scale of 1-5. Results showed mostly clean canal walls and no smear layer in the apical region in both tested groups. Canal walls were somewhat cleaner after using UNICONE with reciprocal movements (80%) compared to the canals instrumented with XPS ENDO SHAPER (76%), but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Single-file NiTi systems did not remove smear layer completely, but provided efficient cleaning in the apical part of the canal. UNICONE file with reciprocal movements was somewhat more efficient in removing smear layer compared to the full rotation XPS ENDO SHAPER file.

scholarly journals The efficiency of canal cleaning with reciprocating movements instruments - SEM study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Zivkovic ◽  
Jelena Neskovic ◽  
Marijana Popovic-Bajic ◽  
Milica Medojevic-Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Single File ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Niti Instruments

Introduction/Objective. The application of nickel?titanium (NiTi) instruments in cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is a standard and a precondition for the success of endodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to use scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis in order to examine the efficiency of cleaning the apical third of the root canal system using two different NiTi systems with reciprocating movements. Methods. The study included 20 single-rooted teeth (premolars) divided into two groups. In group 1, the canal preparation was realized with a single file UNICONE with reciprocating movements (MEDIN, Inc., Nove M?sto na Morav?, Czech Republic), and in group 2, with ? RECIPROC BLUE instrument with reciprocating movements (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany). The same quantities of 2% NaOCl solution and 17% EDTA solution were used as irrigation solutions. The samples prepared for SEM analysis of the smear layer in the apical third were evaluated on a scale of 1?5 and at a magnification of 1,000?. Results. SEM analysis pointed to mostly clean canal walls in the apical segment in both tested groups. Slightly cleaner walls were observed after the application of the UNICONE file (78%) compared to the samples of the second group, where the instrumentation was realized by the RECIPROC BLUE file (76%), but without statistically significant differences. Conclusion. Single-file reciprocating systems do not remove the smear layer completely, but provide efficient cleaning of the apical region of the canal.

SEM Analysis of Residual Dentin Surface in Primary Teeth Using Different Chemomechanical Caries Removal Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Rachna Thakur ◽  
Sandya Devi S Patil ◽  
Anil Kush ◽  
K Madhu
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Caries Excavation ◽  
Group 1

Background: The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze the residual dentinal surfaces following caries removal using two chemomechanical methods (Papacarie Duo and Carie Care), by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Study design: Twenty extracted primary molars with active occlusal carious lesions were randomly assigned two groups depending on the CMCR agent used for the caries excavation – Group 1 – with Papacarie Duo and Group – 2 with Carie Care. After the caries excavation, the specimens were subjected to SEM analysis. Results: Though both the agents showed the minimal smear layer with the patent dentinal tubules, Carie care showed patent dentinal tubules with a clearly exposed peritubular and intertubular collagen network. Conclusion: Carie Care treated surface exhibited better surface morphology of residual dentin.

scholarly journals Smear Layer and Debris Removal Following use of WaveOne and OneShape Single-File Systems: SEM Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Mustafa Murat Koçak ◽  
Sibel Koçak ◽  
Baran Can Saglam ◽  
Sevinç Aktemur Türker
Keyword(s):  
File Systems ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Single File ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cleaning Efficacy ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of two single-file NiTi systems. Materials and methods Twenty-four mandibular premolars were selected. Two longitudinal grooves were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces. The roots were divided into groups (Group 1 — WaveOne, Group 2 — OneShape). The irrigation was performed using 2 ml of 5.25% NaOCl solution, 2 ml of 17% EDTA solution, and 2 ml saline. The roots were split longitudinally for SEM investigation. Serial SEM photomicrographs were taken under magnification at levels apical, middle and coronal thirds. The absence/presence of smear layer, pulpal debris and inorganic debris and the surface profile were scored. Results No difference was found between two instruments in terms of presence of smear layer, pulpal debris, and inorganic debris (p < 0.05). The surface scores of canals prepared with WaveOne were significantly higher. How to cite this article Koçak MM, Koçak S, Saglam BC, Türker SA. Smear Layer and Debris Removal Following use of WaveOne and OneShape Single-File Systems: SEM Study. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):77-83.

scholarly journals Sealing ability of two commonly used root canal sealers with and with out smear layer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Nazish Fatima ◽  
Mehwish Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Smear Layer ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Nail Polish ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Crown Roots ◽  
Group 1

AIM: The aim of current research was to find out the sealing ability of two commonly used sealers in the presence and absence of smear layer at different time interval. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total of 180 single rooted vital teeth were used. Transversal section was made with the help of digital slow speed cutting saw to divide the root and crown part. After removal of crown roots part was instrumented and prepared. The 180 teeth were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=90) 1 and 2. In group 1 the smear layer was kept intact but it was removed from group 2 with EDTA (17%). Group 1 was then divided into two sub-groups, A1, A2. Group 2 was again separated into two sub-groups, B1 and B2. Each sub-group contained of 45 samples. In sub-groups A1 and B1, AH Plus sealer, in sub-groups A2 and B2, Ketac-endo sealer and cold lateral condensation technique was used for obturation with gutta percha. All samples were kept in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours, with help of nail polish/varnish all samples root surfaces was painted only excluding apical area after words each sub group were further divided in to three groups of 15 to represent immersion periods of 7,15 and 30 days. All samples were then kept in 5 % methylene blue dye solution at 37o c for their respective time periods. After specific time period, the roots of every group were cut longitudinally and evaluate under a stereomicroscopes to evaluate apical micro leakage in millimeter. Data was subjected to Repeated measure ANOVA with post-hoc analysis using Tukey and bonferroni tests. RESULTS: Overall analysis indicated significant reduction in sealing ability canals in with and without smear layer over different time periods (p <0.0001). CONCLUSION: Current study has concluded that AH plus sealer provides significantly better seal in the absence of smear layer than in the presence of smear layer in addition it gave better seal than Ketac-Endo sealer in the absence and presence of smear layer.

scholarly journals The Effect of Root Canal Irrigation with Combination of Sodium Hypo-chlorite and Chlorhexidine Gluconate on the Sealing Ability of Obturation Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Homayouni ◽  
Nima Moradi Majd ◽  
Heidar Zohrehei ◽  
Behrad Mosavari ◽  
Mamak Adel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the precipitate that was formed by combining Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHX) on the sealing ability of root canal obturation materials. Materials and Methods: The fluid filtration method was conducted on a total of 100 roots. Samples were randomly divided into two control (n=5) and three experimental groups (n=30). The samples in group 1 were irrigated with 1.5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl, and then the smear layers of the teeth were removed by 17% EDTA, while the specimens of group 2 were irrigated by 1.5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl and 1.5 mL of 2% CHX; after the smear layer removal, a final flush with 1.5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl was performed. The samples of group 3 were irrigated the same as group 1 but after the smear layer removal canals were irrigated again with 1.5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl and then a final flush with 1.5 mL of 2% CHX was performed. Teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer and after seven days, microleakage was evaluated by the fluid filtration technique. The results were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results: The samples in group 3 had significantly greater microleakage compared to teeth in group 1, 2 (p<0.05), and the specimens in group 1 showed significantly less amount of microleakage than samples in group 2, 3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The presence of the precipitate that is formed due to interaction between NaOCl and CHX has negative effect on the sealing ability of gutta-percha and AH26 sealer.

scholarly journals Smear-layer Removal Using Two Instrumentation and Irrigation Techniques in a Closed System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sadullah Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two instrumentation and irrigant techniques in smear-layer removal from root canals. Methodology: Thirty single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (continuous irrigation) was prepared using Self-adjusting file, and group 2 (manual irrigation; conventional needle irrigation) was prepared using with ProTaper file system. Groups were irrigated using sodium hypochlorite (5%) as an initial irrigant following MTAD in a closed system. Canals were bisected and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Smear layers were evaluated using a five-point scoring system with 2500x magnification. Results: Smear layers were eliminated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canal, respectively, in 93%, 80%, and 60% of samples in the group 1, and 67%, 60%, and 27% in the group 2, of the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canals, respectively. Evaluation by SEM showed continuous irrigation differed not-significantly from the manual irrigation group in all areas (P >0.05). Conclusions: Smear layer can be removed properly with suitable irrigation methods. How to cite this article: Kaya S. Smear-layer Removal Using Two Instrumentation and Irrigation Techniques in a Closed System. Int Dent Res 2012;2:60-66. Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Canal Centring Ability of ProTaper and Mtwo Rotary Systems in Curved Canals

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Dilek Erbay Turkaydin ◽  
Mahir Gunday ◽  
Hesna Sazak Ovecoğlu ◽  
Yıldız Garıp
Keyword(s):  
Apical Part ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

SUMMARYThe purpose of this investigation was to compare centring ratio of ProTaper and Mtwo rotary systems. 60 mandibular molar teeth which had 25, 30 and 35 degree curvature in mesio-buccal root canal were used. Group 1 had 25°, Group 2 had 30°, and Group 3 had 35° curvatures. The roots were sectioned horizontally at 2 mm away from the apex. The apical region was then observed under a stereo-microscope. In each group, teeth were instrumented using ProTaper and Mtwo systems. After canal preparation, digital images of apical part of canals were taken. These images were then superimposed by using Adobe Photoshop CS2 programme. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Student’s t-test.No significant differences were found between each curvature degrees and rotary systems at the apical part of curved root canals (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of manual K-files and reciprocating files in glide path preparation: a micro-computed tomography study of constricted canals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yi Liu ◽  
Zhi-Xiong Zhou ◽  
Wei-Ju Tseng ◽  
Bekir Karabucak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Glide Path ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Optimum Glide Path (OGP) is a new reciprocating motion aiming to perform efficient glide path preparation in constricted canals. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare manual and OGP movement in terms of canal transportation and centering ability in glide path preparation of constricted canals. Methods Thirty constricted mesial root canals of mandibular molars, with initial apical size no larger than ISO#8, were selected and negotiated with #6–#8 K-files under the microscope. Canals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 (MAN, n = 15): Glide path was established by using #10-#15 stainless steel K-files manually; Group 2 (OGP, n = 15): #10-#15 Mechanical Glide Path super-files were used with OGP motion (OGP 90°, 300 rpm). Each instrument was used to prepare only 2 canals (as in one mesial root). Canals were scanned before and after glide path preparation with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to evaluate root canal transportation and centering ratio at 1, 3 and 5 mm levels from the root apex. File distortions and separations were recorded. Paired t-test was used to statistically evaluate the data (P < .05). Results Group 2 showed a significantly lower transportation value than group 1 at 1-mm and 3-mm levels (P < .05), however the difference at 5-mm level was not significant. There was no significant difference regarding the centering ratio between the groups. Six #10 K-files were severely distorted in group 1, while no file separation or distortion was found in group 2. Conclusions OGP motion performed significantly less canal transportation (apical 3 mm) and file distortion during glide path establishment in constricted canals comparing to manual motion, while the centering ability between the two was similar. Clinical relevance OGP reciprocating motion provides a safer and efficient clinical approach compared to traditional manual motion in glide path establishment with small files in constricted canals.

Enamel Deproteinization before Acid Etching – A Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhoomika Ahuja ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri ◽  
M Sudhindra Baliga ◽  
AK Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Etching Pattern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the topographical features of enamel surface deproteinized with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and etched with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) compared to phosphoric acid alone using Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) Analysis. Study Design: 30 enamel blocks of 1mm2 from ten human sound extracted permanent molars were obtained and treated as under: Group 1 (10 blocks): Enamel surface was etched with 37% H3PO4 gel for 15 seconds. Group 2 (10 blocks):Enamel surface was treated with 5.25% NaOCl for 60 seconds and then etched with 37% H3PO4 gel for 15 seconds. 10 enamel blocks were included in the control group where no treatment was carried out. The samples were subjected to SEM analysis and 5 microphotographs of each sample were obtained at 500X magnification and evaluated for the quality of etching pattern of the enamel in percentage (%) using Auto-CAD 2007 software. Results: Mean values of etching pattern in Group 1 being 55.76% and Group 2 being 53.58%. No significant difference was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: The use of 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds still remains the best method for pretreatment of enamel.

scholarly journals Influence of cervical preflaring on apical file size determination in maxillary lateral incisors

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Siqueira Ibelli ◽  
Juliana Machado Barroso ◽  
Alexandre Capelli ◽  
Júlio César Emboava Spanó ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
File Size ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Major Discrepancy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Passive Movements ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cervical preflaring on determination of the initial apical file in maxillary lateral incisors. Forty human lateral incisors with complete root formation were used. After standard access cavities, a size 06 K-file was inserted into each canal until the apical foramen was reached. The WL (WL) was set 1 mm short of the apical foramen. Four groups (n=10) were formed at random, according to the type of cervical preflaring performed. Group 1 received the initial apical instrument without previous preflaring of the cervical and middle root canal thirds. Group 2 had the cervical and middle root canal thirds enlarged with nickel-titanium Orifice Opener instruments. Group 3 had the cervical and middle root canal thirds enlarged with Gates-Glidden drills. Titanium-nitrite treated, stainless steel LA Axxess burs were used for preflaring the cervical and middle root canal thirds of group 4. Each canal was sized using manual K-files, starting with size 08 files with passive movements until the WL was reached. File sizes were increased until a binding sensation was felt at the WL, and the instrument size was recorded for each tooth. The apical region was then observed under a stereoscopic magnifier, images were recorded digitally and the differences between root canal and maximum file diameters were recorded (in mm) for each sample. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding the anatomical diameter at the WL and the first file to bind the canal (p = 0.01). The major discrepancy was found when no preflaring was performed (0.1882 mm average). Canals preflared with Orifice Opener instruments (0.0485 mm average) and Gates-Glidden drills (0.1074 mm average) also showed great discrepancy. The LA Axxess burs produced the smallest differences between anatomical diameter and first file to bind (0.0119 mm average). Instrument binding technique for determining anatomical diameter at WL was not accurate. Preflaring of the cervical and middle thirds of the root canal improved anatomical diameter determination; the instrument used for preflaring played a major role on determination of the anatomical diameter at the WL. Canals preflared with LA Axxess burs created a more accurate relationship between file size and anatomical diameter.

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