scholarly journals Challenges in Establishing a Relevant Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Rats – A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakic Dejana ◽  
Jovic Nikola ◽  
Bicanin Ilic Marija ◽  
Dimitrijevic Aleksandra ◽  
Djordjevic Ognjen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most com-mon female endocrinopathy and one of the leading causes of in-fertility. However, the exact etiopathogenetic mechanisms are not discovered yet, while therapeutic strategies in PCOS commonly rely on symptomatic rather than curative. Regarding reasonable ethical limitations in human population, animal experimental studies can provide better insights into mechanisms underlying etiopathogenesis of PCOS, as well as investigations of different therapeutic strategies. Rodent models for PCOS are very useful for experimental studies due to their great genetic similarities with human genome, short reproductive and life span, feasible gener-ating of genetically adapted animals, and convenient and acces-sible use. To our knowledge, androgens (dehydroepiandroste-rone, testosterone propionate, 5a-dihydrotestosterone), as well as estradiol valerate, represent the most frequently used hormones for PCOS modeling. Furthermore, the administration of antipro-gesterone or letrozole has been reported as effective for PCOS induction. In our review, the presented PCOS models were ac-complished by the administration of different hormones or drugs and alterations of environment. The main focus of this review was to summarize the alterations in ovarian morphology, hypotha-lamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, and hormone levels across above-mentioned protocols for postnatal PCOS modeling in rats.

scholarly journals Simultaneous alterations in ovaries and bone as a result of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia de Oliveira Bonfá ◽  
Eduardo Donato Alves ◽  
Víctor Fabrício ◽  
Keico Okino Nonaka ◽  
Janete Aparecida Anselmo-Franci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most widely recognized endocrine disorders affecting reproductive-age women. The etiopathogenesis and mechanisms of this syndrome remain unclear. Diagnosis requires two of the following: polycystic ovaries, oligo- or anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. Most women with PCOS display conditions such as metabolic abnormalities, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and/or bone dysfunction. Considering the ethical limitations of human studies, animal and cell culture models that reflect some features of PCOS are important for investigation of this syndrome. The aim of the present work was to study some of the endocrine relationships between ovaries and bone tissue in a polycystic ovary syndrome animal model. The study was performed using an estradiol valerate PCOS-induced rat model (n = 30) and bone mesenchymal stem cell cultured from bone marrow of those animals. It was hypothesized that changes of the endocrine relationship between ovaries and bones could be observed in from in vivo animal model and in vitro cell culture assays. The ovarian morphological and endocrine changes seem to be correlated with endocrine, biophysical, and biomechanical changes in bone properties. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from PCOS-induced rats, cultured for up to 21 days and differentiated into osteoblasts, presented lower viability and reduced mineralization of the extracellular matrix. Taken together, these results indicate important endocrine and structural effects of PCOS in ovaries and bones, contributing to part of the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of PCOS.

Metformin Therapy Improves Ovarian Morphology in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients (PCOS)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. S10
Author(s):  
A. Bayrak ◽  
H. Terbell ◽  
R. Urwitz-Lane ◽  
F.Z. Stanczyk ◽  
R.J. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Induced by Estradiol Valerate (EV) Is Not Explained Only by the Increase in the Norepinephrine Ovarian Activity.

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
Roberto Dominguez ◽  
Rosa Linares ◽  
Gabriela Rosas ◽  
Sara E. Cruz-Morales ◽  
Leticia Morales
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Ovarian morphology and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in Japanese women with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arina Miyoshi ◽  
So Nagai ◽  
Masamitsu Takeda ◽  
Takuma Kondo ◽  
Hiroshi Nomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

scholarly journals Polycystic Ovarian Morphology in Normal Women Does Not Predict the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3878-3884 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Murphy ◽  
J. E. Hall ◽  
J. M. Adams ◽  
H. Lee ◽  
C. K. Welt
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Morphology ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
Irregular Menses ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Context: Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is present in 25% of normal women in the absence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); however, the natural history of PCOM is unknown. Objective: We hypothesized that the presence of PCOM predisposes the development of PCOS. Design: The study was a longitudinal follow-up study over 8.2 ± 5.2 yr (mean ± sd; range 1.7–17.5 yr). Setting: The study took place in an outpatient setting. Subjects: Women who took part in a previous study as a normal control and had an ultrasound examination (n = 40) participated. Intervention: Subjects underwent an interval menstrual history, physical exam, blood sampling, and repeat ultrasound in the follicular phase. Main Outcome Measure: Development of PCOS was diagnosed by irregular menses and hyperandrogenism, in the absence of other disorders. Changes in ovarian morphology over time were evaluated. Results: At the baseline visit, 23 women (57.5%) had PCOM and 17 (42.5%) had normal ovarian morphology. One subject with PCOM developed irregular menses and presumptive PCOS. Eleven subjects with PCOM no longer met the criteria for PCOM at follow-up. There was no factor that predicted the change to normal ovarian morphology at the follow-up visit. Conclusions: These data suggest that PCOM in women with regular ovulatory cycles does not commonly predispose the development of PCOS. Although it is unusual to develop PCOM if the ovaries are normal on first assessment, ovaries in women with PCOM no longer meet the criteria for PCOM in approximately half of cases over time.

Ovarian morphology and endocrine function in polycystic ovary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 284 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Tena ◽  
Carlos Moran ◽  
Rocio Romero ◽  
Segundo Moran
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

scholarly journals Contemporary approaches to the management of polycystic ovary syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pasquali
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women in their reproductive years and is characterized by androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It is also associated with several metabolic abnormalities, particularly insulin resistance and obesity, which play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and, in particular, negatively influence ovarian function and fertility. This review article summarizes the available treatment for women with PCOS. Specifically, current and potentially new therapies are discussed.

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