scholarly journals The effect of urbanization on soil properties and soil organic carbon accumulation in topsoil of Pruszków – a medium-sized city in the Warsaw Metropolitan Area, Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Oktaba ◽  
Kamil Paziewski ◽  
Wojciech Kwasowski ◽  
Marek Kondras
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Zone Ii

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine properties of soils located within a city, and to assess the effect of anthropopressure on the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in soils of Pruszków . a medium sized town in central Poland. Surface soil layers (0.20 cm) were collected at 36 sites. A total of 12 samples from lawns, 11 from allotment gardens, 9 from fields and 4 from fallow lands were subject to analysis. Lawns and allotment gardens were treated as central zone I . under strong pressure of anthropogenic factors, fields and fallow lands were treated as zone II . with potentially low level of anthropogenic influence. The statistical analysis showed significantly higher (p=0.008) amount of organic carbon (Corg) in lawns (mean 20.5 g·kg-1) and allotment gardens (21.7 g·kg-1) . zone I, than on fallow lands (10.4 g·kg-1) and fields (1.27 g·kg-1) . zone II. The surface layer of soil from allotment gardens also contained significantly higher amount of total nitrogen (mean content 1.1 g·kg-1) than others. The amounts of Corg not depending on the soil texture and very high C/N ratio, suggests the anthropogenic origin of the carbon. The C/N ratio was the highest in the soils of lawns (mean value 26.2) and significantly differed (p=0.04) from C/N ratios in soils of fields and allotment gardens. This suggests low intensity of humus transformation. Other chemical characteristics as hydrolytic acidity (Ha), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable base cations (EBC) and EBC share in CEC were also higher in central part of Pruszków town (zone I), indicating the effect of urbanization on soil properties.

scholarly journals Can a single dose of biochar affect selected soil physical and chemical characteristics?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Igaz ◽  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Ján Horák ◽  
Elena Kondrlová ◽  
Jana Domanová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Sorption ◽  
Linear Relationships

Abstract During the last decade, biochar has captured the attention of agriculturalists worldwide due to its positive effect on the environment. To verify the biochar effects on organic carbon content, soil sorption, and soil physical properties under the mild climate of Central Europe, we established a field experiment. This was carried out on a silty loam Haplic Luvisol at the Malanta experimental site of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra with five treatments: Control (biochar 0 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B10 (biochar 10 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B20 (biochar 20 t ha−1, nitrogen 0 kg ha−1); B10+N (biochar 10 t ha−1, nitrogen 160 kg ha−1) and B20+N (biochar 20 t ha−1, nitrogen 160 kg ha−1). Applied biochar increased total and available soil water content in all fertilized treatments. Based on the results from the spring soil sampling (porosity and water retention curves), we found a statistically significant increase in the soil water content for all fertilized treatments. Furthermore, biochar (with or without N fertilization) significantly decreased hydrolytic acidity and increased total organic carbon. After biochar amendment, the soil sorption complex became fully saturated mainly by the basic cations. Statistically significant linear relationships were observed between the porosity and (A) sum of base cations, (B) cation exchange capacity, (C) base saturation.

scholarly journals Boreal coniferous forest density leads to significant variations in soil physical and geochemical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3445-3459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Bastianelli ◽  
Adam A. Ali ◽  
Julien Beguin ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Pierre Grondin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Closed Canopy

Abstract. At the northernmost extent of the managed forest in Quebec, Canada, the boreal forest is currently undergoing an ecological transition between two forest ecosystems. Open lichen woodlands (LW) are spreading southward at the expense of more productive closed-canopy black spruce–moss forests (MF). The objective of this study was to investigate whether soil properties could distinguish MF from LW in the transition zone where both ecosystem types coexist. This study brings out clear evidence that differences in vegetation cover can lead to significant variations in soil physical and geochemical properties.Here, we showed that soil carbon, exchangeable cations, and iron and aluminium crystallinity vary between boreal closed-canopy forests and open lichen woodlands, likely attributed to variations in soil microclimatic conditions. All the soils studied were typical podzolic soil profiles evolved from glacial till deposits that shared a similar texture of the C layer. However, soil humus and the B layer varied in thickness and chemistry between the two forest ecosystems at the pedon scale. Multivariate analyses of variance were used to evaluate how soil properties could help distinguish the two types at the site scale. MF humus (FH horizons horizons composing the O layer) showed significantly higher concentrations of organic carbon and nitrogen and of the main exchangeable base cations (Ca, Mg) than LW soils. The B horizon of LW sites held higher concentrations of total Al and Fe oxides and particularly greater concentrations of inorganic amorphous Fe oxides than MF mineral soils, while showing a thinner B layer. Overall, our results show that MF store three times more organic carbon in their soils (B+FH horizons, roots apart) than LW. We suggest that variations in soil properties between MF and LW are linked to a cascade of events involving the impacts of natural disturbances such as wildfires on forest regeneration that determines the vegetation structure (stand density) and composition (ground cover type) and their subsequent consequences on soil environmental parameters (moisture, radiation rate, redox conditions, etc.). Our data underline significant differences in soil biogeochemistry under different forest ecosystems and reveal the importance of interactions in the soil–vegetation–climate system for the determination of soil composition.

scholarly journals Soil carbon, available nutrients, and iron and aluminium crystallinity vary between boreal closed-canopy forests and open lichen woodlands

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Bastianelli ◽  
Adam A. Ali ◽  
Julien Beguin ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Pierre Grondin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Closed Canopy

Abstract. At the northernmost extent of the managed forest in Quebec, the boreal forest is currently undergoing an ecological transition between two forest ecosystems. Open lichen woodlands (LW) are spreading southward at the expense of more productive closed-canopy black spruce-moss forests (MF). The objective of this study was to investigate whether soil properties could distinguish MF from LW in the transition zone where both ecosystem types coexist. All the soils studied were typical podzolic soil profiles evolved from glacial till deposits that shared a similar texture of the C layer. However, soil humus and the B layer varied in thickness and chemistry between the two forest ecosystems at the pedon scale. Multivariate analyses of variance were used to evaluate how soil properties could help distinguish the two types at the site scale. MF humus (FH horizons) showed significantly higher concentrations of organic carbon and of the main exchangeable base cations (Ca, Mg) than LW soils, which were nutritionally poorer. The B horizon of LW sites held higher concentrations of total Al and Fe oxides, and particularly greater concentrations of inorganic amorphous Fe oxides than MF mineral soils, while showing a thinner B layer. Overall, our results show that MF store three times more organic carbon in their soils (B + FH horizons, roots apart) than LW. We suggest that variations in soil properties between MF and LW are linked to a cascade of events involving the impacts of natural disturbances such as wildfires on forest regeneration that determines the of vegetation structure (stand density) and composition (ground cover type) and their subsequent consequences on soil environmental parameters (moisture, radiation rate, redox conditions, etc.). Our data underline significant differences in soil biogeochemistry under different forest ecosystems and reveal the importance of interactions in the soil–vegetation–climate system for the determination of soil composition.

VARIABILITY OF SOIL PROPERTIES IN RELATION TO SIZE OF MAP UNIT DELINEATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Boundary Effect ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Range Of Variation

The results of a study which compared some selected soil characteristics of small and large map unit delineations are presented. Color, organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity and clay content were measured. Properties, such as pH and CEC of surface soil and pH of subsoil, were found to be significantly different between large and small delineations. Although Brandon is selected to be a simple and relatively uniform map unit, the range of variation was wide for all of the selected soil properties. For each property measured the coefficient of variability was always larger in surface soils than in subsoils. However, variance of measured soil properties did not differ between the two groups of delineations. Consequently, the soil boundary effect is considered to be insignificant for the Brandon unit of the Dalhousie association studied.

Mechanical site preparation impacts on soil properties and vegetation communities in the Northwest Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Bock ◽  
Ken CJ Van Rees
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Mechanical Site Preparation ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium

Greater utilization of hardwood species and societal concerns over maintenance of ecological integrity have provided impetus for forest managers to consider alternative silvicultural practices in boreal mixedwood forests. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of five mechanical site preparation (MSP) treatments on soil properties and understory vegetation of mixedwood stands in the Northwest Territories (NWT). Soil and understory vegetation conditions in treatments (3 years post-MSP treatment) and adjacent uncut forest controls were sampled. Significant Shearblade – Grizz R-ex and Shearblade treatment soil property effects were consistently found. Increases in bulk density (307%) and decreases for total organic carbon (92%); total nitrogen (86%); cation exchange capacity (74%); and exchangeable calcium (72%), magnesium (67%), and potassium (75%) in the soil surface (0–12.8 cm) were observed. Increases in mineral soil pH (1.0 units), total organic carbon (94%), cation exchange capacity (20%), and exchangeable calcium (35%) and magnesium (56%) were also found. Dissimilarity of the understory community with that of the uncut forest increased as follows: uncut forest < harvested only < Meri–Crusher = Grizz R-ex < Shearblade – Meri-Crusher < Shearblade – Grizz R-ex < Shearblade. This research suggests that winter shearblading should be utilized only where it is necessary to achieve specific management objectives.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Copper and Nickel Contaminated Soil Using Eleusine indica on Soil Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
G. I. Ameh ◽  
E. J. Onuh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Eleusine Indica

The effects of Eleusine indica phytoremediation on the soil properties of Copper and Nickel contaminated soil samples were investigated using standard techniques. Soil sample and seeds of E. inidca were collected from a farmland in Obe, Nkanu West L.G.A of Enugu State. 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% potted treatments of Copper and Nickel contaminated soil were made for three samples (initial sample, sample without plant and sample with plant). The plant showed BAF and TF greater than 1. The Soil samples after the plant was harvested were subjected to soil analysis tests (Metal determination, pH, Soil moisture content, total organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity). The results from the study revealed that soil samples with plant showed a lower pH level within the range of 6.50 to 7.80 and higher percentage moisture content for both Cu and Ni contaminated soil samples, of which 1% treatment showed the highest percentage moisture of 0.679% for Cu contamination and 3.16% for Ni contamination. Heavy metal contamination of soil reduces its total organic carbon and increases its cation exchange capacity. Eleusine indica is a hyperaccumulator, its root stores more heavy metals and thus suitable for phytoremediation.

Soil properties in organic olive orchards following different weed management in a rolling landscape of Andalusia, Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Auxiliadora Soriano ◽  
Sonia Álvarez ◽  
Blanca B. Landa ◽  
José A. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C And N

AbstractThis study evaluated the most significant physical, chemical and biological soil properties from a group of organic olive farms located in a typical olive-growing area of Andalusia, Spain, after 5 or more years since the shift from conventional to organic farming, and compared soils with those in nearby undisturbed (U) natural areas. Two soil management systems implemented in these organic olive farms to control weeds, tillage (T), characterized by non-inverting-shallow tillage in spring, and mechanical mowing (M), were compared and evaluated against the U areas. Organic olive orchards showed similar productivity (average fruit yield of 3130 kg ha−1 yr−1) as the conventional, rain-fed olive groves in the same area, with no significant differences due to soil management systems. Soil properties in the olive orchards (i.e. texture, pH, organic carbon (C), organic nitrogen (N), C:N ratio, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable potassium) were in the suitable range for olive farming in both soil managements, although organic C and N, saturated hydraulic conductivity and available water-holding capacity (AWC) of the soil were lower than in the U areas. A principal component analysis (PCA) for soil properties in topsoil (0–10 cm depth) distinguished the T from M olive orchards and U areas, and determined organic C and N as the most significant soil properties to characterize them. Average values of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for the surface layer (0–10 cm depth) were 18.6, 59.3 and 67.8 Mg ha−1, for T and M soil management systems and U areas, respectively. This indicates that the sustainability of organic olive orchards could be significantly improved by shifting to M soil management to decrease soil erosion and depletion of SOC.

Selection and establishment of Alberta agricultural soil quality benchmark sites

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Cathcart ◽  
Karen Cannon ◽  
Jody Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Forty-three benchmark sites were established to monitor soils across the agricultural regions of Alberta. Soil chemical and physical properties were examined in an initial pedological investigation in 1997. This paper describes site selection and presents results from the initial pedological investigation. Ninety-five percent of the chosen sites were representative of their provincial ecodistrict, with only two profiles being darker and higher in organic carbon than expected. The majority of selected sites were gently undulating loam soils on morainal parent materials in the dryland regions of Alberta. Soil texture, cation exchange capacity, calcium carbonate content, and soil pH reflected regional differences in quaternary geology and agricultural practices across Alberta. Southern Alberta was characterized by high pH, sandier-textured soil profiles, whereas the Peace Lowlands, being derived from marine shale deposits, exhibited finer soil textures and higher cation exchanges capacities. Owing to climatic and vegetative differences, organic carbon levels were significantly greater in northern Alberta compared with the south, but were found to differ based on soil horizon and slope position. Upper slopes typically had lower organic carbon levels, particularly in the A horizon. Similar results were observed for total soil N, although other soil nutrients differed in relation to soil properties, slope and ecoregion. Data collected will provide: (a) the basis for a detailed Alberta soil quality assessment, (b) data for future modeling efforts, and (c) data necessary to identify temporal changes in soil properties, yield and management relationships. Key words: Agronomic practices, catena, ecodistrict, pedological investigation, soil landscape, soil quality

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatial Variability in Soil Properties of Nagalvadi Micro-Watershed using Geospatial Techniques for Site-Specific Agricultural Input Management in Wardha District of Maharashtra

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima S. Sadanshiv ◽  
◽  
M.S.S. Nagaraju ◽  
J.D. Giri ◽  
Rajeev Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Moisture Retention ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Moisture Retention

Soil sampling at many sites is costly and time consuming and hence warrants for predicting the soil properties at un-sampled location from sampled site using spatial dependence characteristics of soil properties through interpolation with reasonable accuracy. Soil samples (0 to 20 cm depth) were collected from a regular grid of 200 by 200 m from Nagalvadi micro-watershed of Wardha district, Maharashtra and analyzed for sand, silt, clay, bulk density, pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, soil moisture retention at -33 kPa and -1500 kPa, available N, P, K and micronutrient cations. Soil thematic maps were generated using semivariogram analysis and ordinary kriging. Spatial variability in soil properties indicated that sand, silt, clay, bulk density, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, moisture retention at -33 kPa, available N, Fe, and Zn have displayed moderate spatial dependence, whereas, soil pH and available Mn showed strong spatial dependence. Soil organic carbon and soil moisture retention at -33 kPa were spatially correlated for a short range. The kriged maps of soil properties and soil fertility generated are useful for better management decisions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document