scholarly journals The Contribution of Endothelial Marker Proteins in the Determination of Vascular Angiogenic Potential, in Normal Physiological Conditions and in Neoplasia

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Konwerska ◽  
Beata Janik ◽  
Agnieszka Malinska ◽  
Wojciech Witkiewicz ◽  
Maciej Zabel
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Marker Proteins ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Early Late

SummaryRecently, the most significant studies in the field of angiogenesis are related to trials concerning the evaluation of the prognostic significance of endothelial markers. By using an estimation of the expression of endothelial cell markers, immunohistochemical studies can assess for the continuity of the vascular intima, as well as allow for the distinction of early, late and mature forms of endothelial cells. The determination of the endothelial cell phenotype using markers such as CD34, CD31, CD133, e-NOS and von Willebrand factor may provide a valuable tool for the monitoring of both normal physiology as well as neoplastic diseases.

Further Evidence of von Willebrand Factor Involvement in Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 013-017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chediak ◽  
J Eldridge ◽  
F Bergmann ◽  
D Sobel ◽  
J Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Remission Phase ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen ◽  
Ristocetin Cofactor

SummaryFourteen patients diagnosed as having thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) were studied. Those who survived have been followed during a 1 to 7 year period. The clinical diagnosis was based on changing neurological findings, thrombocytopenia and evidence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Laboratory tests included the determination of von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), ristocetin cofactor (RiCof) and the electrophoretic mobility of von Willebrand factor (CIE VWF:Ag). The ratio of RiCof to VWF:Ag was then calculated. Control individuals included healthy subjects and patients with thrombocytopenia of several etiologies. Statistical differences between the values of RiCof, the ratio of RiCof : VWF: Ag and the CIE of VWF: Ag were found for samples comparing active disease and remission phase. The recovery from thrombocytopenia paralleled the correction of abnormal parameters. Similarly, significant differences were found when above parameters were compared between thrombocytopenia of TTP with other thrombocytopenic states. We suggest that these abnormal tests could be useful in distinguishing TTP from other disorders, and may have prognostic significance in patients already diagnosed as having TTP.

Glycoprotein Ib Can Mediate Endothelial Cell Attachment to a von Willebrand Factor Substratum

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (02) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy A Beacham ◽  
Miguel A Cruz ◽  
Robert I Handin
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycoprotein Ib ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

SummaryIntroduction of single amino acid substitutions into the C-terminal Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) site of von Willebrand Factor, referred to as RGD mutant vWF, selectively abrogated vWF binding to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GpIIb/IIIa, αIIbβ3 and abolished human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) spreading, but not attachment, to RGD mutant vWF (Beacham, D. A., Wise, R. J., Turci, S. M. and Handin, R. I. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 167, 3409-3415). These results suggested that in addition to the vitronectin receptor (VNR, αvβ3), a second endothelial membrane glycoprotein can mediate HUVEC adhesion to vWF. HUVEC attachment to wild-type (WT) and RGD-mutant vWF was reduced by two proteins known to block the vWF-platelet glycoprotein Ib/IX (GpIb/IX) interaction, the monoclonal antibody AS-7 and the recombinant polypeptide, vWF-A1. The addition of cytochalasin B or DNase I to disrupt potential GPIbα-cytoskeletal interactions enhanced the immunoprecipitation of endothelial GPIbα, caused HUVEC to round up, and increased HUVEC adhesion to RGD mutant vWF. These results indicate that while the VNR is the primary adhesion receptor for vWF, endothelial GPIbα can mediate HUVEC attachment to vWF. GpIb-dependent attachment could contribute to HUVEC adhesion under conditions when cell surface expression of the VNR is downregulated, and VNR-dependent adhesion is reduced.

scholarly journals Prognostic significance of von willebrand factor in cirrhosis: A possible mechanism

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1189-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chundamannil E. Eapen ◽  
Joshua E. Elias ◽  
Ian Mackie ◽  
Elwyn Elias
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Effect of the Antioxidants Selenium and Beta-carotene on HIV-related Endothelium Dysfunction

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 1015-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seigneur ◽  
A. D. Blann ◽  
M. Renard ◽  
F. Resplandy ◽  
J. Amiral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Soluble Thrombomodulin ◽  
Endothelium Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

SummaryPatients infected with HIV are at increased risk of atherosclerosis, and have evidence of endothelium dysfunction. The hypothesis was tested that HIV-related endothelium dysfunction is related to loss of antioxidants. This was done by the supplementation of the antioxidants selenium and beta-carotene. We supplemented the diet of 10 HIV-sero-positive subjects with 100 μg selenium daily, 11 subjects with 30 mg beta-carotene twice daily while 15 subjects were not supplemented. Plasma was obtained at outset and after a year, and tested by ELISA for endothelial cell, platelet and inflammatory markers.The non-supplemented patients experienced increases in von Wille-brand factor and soluble thrombomodulin (both p < 0.01). There were no changes in any of the indices in the patients taking selenium or beta-carotene.Increased von Willebrand factor and soluble thrombomodulin in the non-supplemented patients imply increased damage to the endothelium over the year of the study. Therefore we interpret the lack of increase in the patients taking antioxidants as evidence of the protection of the endothelium by these agents.

scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION MARKERS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Podzolkov ◽  
A. E. Bragina ◽  
N. A. Bragina
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Development Risk

Aim. Assessment of prognostic significance of endothelial dysfunction markers: stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx), von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin-1 (E1), homocysteine and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in essential hypertension (EAH) patients not taking antihypertension therapy systematically.Material  and  methods. Totally, 12 EAH patients investigated (45 males, 79 females) (mean age 51,4±6,5 y. o., mean duration of AH 7,9±7,3 y.). Concentration of NOx in plasma was measured by spectrophotometry, and of vWF, homocysteine, E1 and tPA — by immune enzyme assay.Results. By the increase of SCORE risk level, there was significant increase of concentrations of NOx, E1, homocysteine and vWF in EAH patients (p<0,05), there were no changes in tPA levels (p>0,05). In 8 (8±1,1) years after baseline assessment, 115 patients were assessed second time. Of those 13 (11,3%) had cardiovascular events (CVE) and 5 (4,3%) died. By single factorial regression, the rate of CVE in EAH patients relate to homocystein level (р=0,01), NOx (р=0,001) and vWF (р=0,001). By multifactorial analysis, prognostic statistical significance is found for NOx (relative risk (RR) =3,8, р=0,006) and vWF (RR =3,5, р=0,005). In ROC-analysis there were found threshold levels of NOx (>46,6 mcM/L, AUC =0,863) and vWF (>1,68 mg/dL, AUC =0,738), the increase of which is followed by CVE development risk for the levels of NOx >46,6 mcM/L 3,8 times (sensitivity 81,9% and specificity 65,8%), vWF >1,68 mg/dL — 3,5 times (sensitivity 74,3% and specificity 62,7%). Combination of the parameters point on the risk increase up to 6,5 times (р=0,00007).Conclusion. NOx with the threshold of >46,6 mcM/L (RR =3,8) and vWF >1,68 mg/dL (RR =3,5) do show independent prognostic value for 5-year CVE risk assessment in EAH patients that can be applied as an additional method for risk stratification to estimate a group for more aggressive therapy and CVE prevention.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ABDOMINAL SYNDROME IN CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
Igor N. Khvorostov ◽  
A. G. Sinitsyn ◽  
G. L. Snigyr
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

The chronic recurrent abdominal syndrome (CRAS) in the right lower fossa in children is believed not to be independent nosological unit and is diagnosed as an exception. We carried out comparative studies of the clinical picture, results of morphological and immunohistochemical studies of remote appendicitis in 55 CRAS children and 35 children with acute destructive appendicitis. The low prognostic significance of appendicular scales for the determination of indications to the surgical treatment of CRAS was established. Morphological examination in most cases revealed signs of chronic inflammation with fibrosis of the mucosa and submucosa of the appendix in CRAS children. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the pronounced expression of protein VEGF, MMP-9 and VCAM-1 predominantly in the submucosal and the muscular layer, moderate expression for Collagen-III-alpha-1. The low number of positively stained cells for the VIP protein located both in the mucosa and in the submucosa. The number of MMP-9-positive cells was the largest, there was seen a moderate amount of VEGF, VIP and Collagen-III-alpha-1-positive cells. The disappearance of the abdominal syndrome after appendectomy was noted in 6% of CRAS patients. Recurrence of pain was observed in girls of pubertal age with the irregular menstrual cycle. The established changes in remote appendicitis, other than acute inflammation, make it possible to consider reasonable appendectomy as a way of treating CRAS in children.

scholarly journals Role of plasma viscosity in platelet adhesion

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
HF van Breugel ◽  
PG de Groot ◽  
RM Heethaar ◽  
JJ Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Medium Viscosity

Abstract Platelet adhesion to the vessel wall is initiated by transport of blood platelets from the bulk flow to the wall. The process of diffusion and convection of the platelets is affected by rheological conditions such as well shear rate, red blood cell (RBC) deformability, and viscosity of the medium. To study the effect of plasma viscosity on platelet adhesion, perfusion experiments with a rectangular perfusion chamber were performed. Reconstituted blood, consisting of washed platelets and washed RBCs, was circulated through this chamber for 5 minutes at a wall shear rate of 300 s-1. Different albumin concentrations were made, to obtain different medium viscosities (0.89 to 1.85 mPa.s). Platelet adhesion decreased with increasing medium viscosity up to viscosities of 0.95 mPa.s, but increased with medium viscosity above this value. Instead of human albumin solution, different plasma viscosities were obtained by dilution of Waldenstrom plasma with buffer. Plasma was depleted of fibronectin, which gave a final plasma viscosity of 2.0 mPa.s, and was dialyzed against HEPES buffer and subsequently diluted with the dialysis buffer in different fractions (0.89 to 2.00 mPa.s). Perfusions were performed over a purified von Willebrand factor coating on glass, or over an endothelial cell matrix, preincubated with von Willebrand factor. With both surfaces, platelet adhesion was dependent on the plasma viscosity in a similar way: at low plasma viscosities, adhesion was decreased with increasing plasma viscosity, while at higher plasma viscosities, adhesion increased with plasma viscosity. Adhesion values at higher plasma viscosity or at higher human albumin concentrations could be explained by effects of the medium on the rigidity of the RBCs, since platelet adhesion is known to be increased by enhanced RBC rigidity. Effects of the medium on the deformability of the RBCs were measured separately with the laser diffraction method. These experiments confirmed that presence of human albumin or plasma in the measuring suspension increased the rigidity of RBCs. To prevent influence of the medium on the RBCs in perfusion experiments, the RBCs were fixated with glutaraldehyde. Perfusion experiments with fixated RBCs in plasma over a von Willebrand factor preincubated endothelial cell matrix, showed a consequent decrease in adhesion with increasing plasma viscosity, according to the diffusion theories, whereas the increase of adhesion at high plasma viscosities was lacking. This suggests that the latter effect was entirely due to increased transport of platelets by more rigid RBCs.

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