scholarly journals Shallow-seated controls on the evolution of the Upper Pliocene Kopasz-hegy nested monogenetic volcanic chain in the Western Pannonian Basin (Hungary)

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kereszturi ◽  
Károly Németh
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
Scoria Cone ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Lateral Migration ◽  
Volcanic Chain ◽  
Groundwater Supply

Shallow-seated controls on the evolution of the Upper Pliocene Kopasz-hegy nested monogenetic volcanic chain in the Western Pannonian Basin (Hungary)Monogenetic, nested volcanic complexes (e.g. Tihany) are common landforms in the Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field (BBHVF, Hungary), which was active during the Late Miocene up to the Early Pleistocene. These types of monogenetic volcanoes are usually evolved in a slightly different way than their "simple" counterparts. The Kopasz-hegy Volcanic Complex (KVC) is inferred to be a vent complex, which evolved in a relatively complex way as compared to a classical "sensu stricto" monogenetic volcano. The KVC is located in the central part of the BBHVF and is one of the youngest (2.8-2.5 Ma) volcanic erosion remnants of the field. In this study, we carried out volcanic facies analysis of the eruptive products of the KVC in order to determine the possible role of changing magma fragmentation styles and/or vent migration responsible for the formation of this volcano. The evolution of the KVC started with interaction of water-saturated Late Miocene (Pannonian) mud, sand, sandstone with rising basaltic magma triggering phreatomagmatic explosive maar-diatreme forming eruptions. These explosive eruptions in the northern part of the volcanic complex took place in a N-S aligned paleovalley. As groundwater supply was depleted during volcanic activity the eruption style became dominated by more magmatic explosive-fragmentation leading to the formation of a mostly spatter-dominated scoria cone that is capping the basal maar-diatreme deposits. Subsequent vent migration along a few hundred meters long fissure still within the paleovalley caused the opening of the younger phreatomagmatic southern vent adjacent to the already established northern maar. This paper describes how change in eruption styles together with lateral migration of the volcanism forms an amalgamated vent complex.

Volcanic architecture, eruption mechanism and landform evolution of a Plio/Pleistocene intracontinental basaltic polycyclic monogenetic volcano from the Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field, Hungary

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kereszturi ◽  
Gábor Csillag ◽  
Károly Németh ◽  
Krisztina Sebe ◽  
Kadosa Balogh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Scoria Cone ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Monogenetic Volcano ◽  
Eruption Centre ◽  
Volcanic Facies ◽  
Eruption Volume ◽  
Core Descriptions

AbstractBondoró Volcanic Complex (shortly Bondoró) is one of the most complex eruption centre of Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field, which made up from basaltic pyroclastics sequences, a capping confined lava field (~4 km2) and an additional scoria cone. Here we document and describe the main evolutional phases of the Bondoró on the basis of facies analysis, drill core descriptions and geomorphic studies and provide a general model for this complex monogenetic volcano. Based on the distinguished 13 individual volcanic facies, we infer that the eruption history of Bondoró contained several stages including initial phreatomagmatic eruptions, Strombolian-type scoria cones forming as well as effusive phases. The existing and newly obtained K-Ar radiometric data have confirmed that the entire formation of the Bondoró volcano finished at about 2.3 Ma ago, and the time of its onset cannot be older than 3.8 Ma. Still K-Ar ages on neighbouring formations (e.g. Kab-hegy, Agár-teto) do not exclude a long-lasting eruptive period with multiple eruptions and potential rejuvenation of volcanic activity in the same place indicating stable melt production beneath this location. The prolonged volcanic activity and the complex volcanic facies architecture of Bondoró suggest that this volcano is a polycyclic volcano, composed of at least two monogenetic volcanoes formed more or less in the same place, each erupted through distinct, but short lived eruption episodes. The total estimated eruption volume, the volcanic facies characteristics and geomorphology also suggests that Bondoró is rather a small-volume polycyclic basaltic volcano than a polygenetic one and can be interpreted as a nested monogenetic volcanic complex with multiple eruption episodes. It seems that Bondoró is rather a “rule” than an “exception” in regard of its polycyclic nature not only among the volcanoes of the Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field but also in the Neogene basaltic volcanoes of the Pannonian Basin.

scholarly journals Critical Tectonic Limits for Geothermal Aquifer Use: Case Study from the East Slovakian Basin Rim

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Stanislav Jacko ◽  
Roman Farkašovský ◽  
Igor Ďuriška ◽  
Barbora Ščerbáková ◽  
Kristína Bátorová
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The North ◽  
Heat System ◽  
Volcanic Chain ◽  
Saline Solutions

The Pannonian basin is a major geothermal heat system in Central Europe. Its peripheral basin, the East Slovakian basin, is an example of a geothermal structure with a linear, directed heat flow ranging from 90 to 100 mW/m2 from west to east. However, the use of the geothermal source is limited by several critical tectono-geologic factors: (a) Tectonics, and the associated disintegration of the aquifer block by multiple deformations during the pre-Paleogene, mainly Miocene, period. The main discontinuities of NW-SE and N-S direction negatively affect the permeability of the aquifer environment. For utilization, minor NE-SW dilatation open fractures are important, which have been developed by sinistral transtension on N–S faults and accelerated normal movements to the southeast. (b) Hydrogeologically, the geothermal structure is accommodated by three water types, namely, Na-HCO3 with 10.9 g·L−1 mineralization (in the north), the Ca-Mg-HCO3 with 0.5–4.5 g·L−1 mineralization (in the west), and Na-Cl water type containing 26.8–33.4 g·L−1 mineralization (in the southwest). The chemical composition of the water is influenced by the Middle Triassic dolomite aquifer, as well as by infiltration of saline solutions and meteoric waters along with open fractures/faults. (c) Geothermally anomalous heat flow of 123–129 °C with 170 L/s total flow near the Slanské vchy volcanic chain seems to be the perspective for heat production.

scholarly journals Late miocene ostracodes of Serbia: Morphologic and palaeoenvironmental considerations

2006 ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljupko Rundic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Low Diversity

About 11.5 million years ago, a tectonic uplift of the Eastern and Western Carpathians separated the Pannonian Basin from the rest of the Paratethys. This orogenesis event caused an unconformity between the Sarmatian brackish sediments and the Pannonian lake-sea deposits. More than 6 Ma later, in these parts of the Paratethys, changes in the geographic framework, hydrological conditions and brackish - caspibrackish water chemistry led to the disappearance of restricted marine forms of life. A few euryhaline and marginal marine species survived this environmental change. Among the ostracodes, some originally freshwater taxa, such as Candoninae, entered the lake-sea. Many lineages show gradual morphological changes. The older, low diversity ostracode fauna from the Lower Pannonian dispersed to the endemic species and genera during the Upper Pannonian. This interval is assigned as the "bloom time" for many ostracodes, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This time sequence is the last appearances of genera such as Aurila Cytheridea, Propontoniella, etc. and simultaneously, the first appearances for many new genera, such as Zalanyiella, Serbiella, Camptocypria Sinegubiella etc. During the Pontian, migration processes were present. Therefore, it can be supposed that many eastern Paratethyan forms have Pannonian origin.

Overview of geologic evolution and hydrocarbon generation of the Pannonian Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. SB111-SB122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Horváth ◽  
Ivan Dulić ◽  
Alan Vranković ◽  
Balázs Koroknai ◽  
Tamás Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Marine Strata ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Oil Generation

The Pannonian Basin is an intraorogenic extensional region floored by a complex system of Alpine orogenic terranes and oceanic suture zones. Its formation dates back to the beginning of the Miocene, and initial fluvial-lacustrine deposits pass into shallow to open marine strata, including a large amount of calc-alkaline volcanic materials erupted during the culmination of the synrift phase. The onset of the postrift phase occurred during the Late Miocene, when the basin became isolated and a large Pannonian lake developed. Early lacustrine marls are overlain by turbiditic sandstones and silts related to a progradational shelf slope and a delta plain sequence passing upward into alluvial plain deposits and eolian sands. A remarkable nonconformity at the top of lacustrine strata associated with a significant (4–7 my) time gap at large parts of the basin documents a neotectonic phase of activity, manifested by regional strike-slip faulting and kilometer-scale differential vertical movements, with erosion and redeposition. Subsidence and burial history modeling indicate that Middle and Late Miocene, fairly organic-rich marine and lacustrine (respectively) shales entered into the oil-generation window at about the beginning of the Pliocene in depocenters deeper than 2.5–3 km, and even reached the wet to dry gas-generation zone at depths exceeding 4–4.5 km. Migration out of these kitchens has been going on since the latest Miocene toward basement highs, where anticlines and flower structures offered adequate trapping conditions for hydrocarbons. We argue that compaction of thick sedimentary piles, in addition to neotectonic structures, has also been important in trap formation within the Pannonian Basin.

The Late Miocene-Early Pliocene out-of-sequence thrusting event: new insights into the tectonic evolution of the southern Apennines (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitale Stefano ◽  
Prinzi Ernesto Paolo ◽  
Francesco D'Assisi Tramparulo ◽  
Sabatino Ciarcia
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Southern Apennines ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Early Pliocene ◽  
Upper Miocene ◽  
Thrust System ◽  
Tectonic Windows

<p>We present a structural study on late Miocene-early Pliocene out-of-sequence thrusts affecting the southern Apennine chain. The analyzed structures are exposed in the Campania region (southern Italy). Here, leading thrusts bound the N-NE side of the carbonate ridges that form the regional mountain backbone. In several outcrops, the Mesozoic carbonates are superposed onto the unconformable wedge-top basin deposits of the upper Miocene Castelvetere Group, providing constraints to the age of the activity of this thrusting event. We further analyzed the tectonic windows of Giffoni and Campagna, located on the rear of the leading thrust. We reconstructed the orogenic evolution of this part of the orogen. The first was related to the in-sequence thrusting with minor thrusts and folds, widespread both in the footwall and in the hanging wall. A subsequent extension has formed normal faults crosscutting the early thrusts and folds. All structures were subsequently affected by two shortening stages, which also deformed the upper Miocene wedge top basin deposits of the Castelvetere Group. We interpreted these late structures as related to an out-of-sequence thrust system defined by a main frontal E-verging thrust and lateral ramps characterized by N and S vergences. Associated with these thrusting events, LANFs were formed in the hanging wall of the major thrusts. Such out-of-sequence thrusts are observed in the whole southern Apennines and record a thrusting event that occurred in the late Messinian-early Pliocene. We related this tectonic episode to the positive inversion of inherited normal faults located in the Paleozoic basement. These envelopments thrust upward crosscut the allochthonous wedge, including, in the western zone of the chain, the upper Miocene wedge-top basin deposits. Finally, we suggest that the two tectonic windows are the result of the formation of an E-W trending regional antiform, associated with a late S-verging back-thrust, that has been eroded and crosscut by Early Pleistocene normal faults.</p>

Strike-slip fault affected late miocene-pliocene evolutionary sequences of the pannonian basin

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pogacsas ◽  
B. Bardocz ◽  
A. Szabo ◽  
E. Rosta ◽  
R. Mattick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault

scholarly journals Suidae Transition at the Miocene-Pliocene Boundary: a Reassessment of the Taxonomy and Chronology of Propotamochoerus provincialis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Iannucci ◽  
Marco Cherin ◽  
Leonardo Sorbelli ◽  
Raffaele Sardella
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Messinian Salinity Crisis ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Changes ◽  
Species Diagnosis ◽  
Eurasian Species

Abstract The Miocene-Pliocene (Turolian-Ruscinian) transition represents a fundamental interval in the evolution of Euro-Mediterranean paleocommunities. In fact, the paleoenvironmental changes connected with the end of the Messinian salinity crisis are reflected by a major renewal in mammal faunal assemblages. An important bioevent among terrestrial large mammals is the dispersal of the genus Sus, which replaced all other suid species during the Pliocene. Despite its possible paleoecological and biochronological relevance, correlations based on this bioevent are undermined by the supposed persistence of the late surviving late Miocene Propotamochoerus provincialis. However, a recent revision of the type material of this species revealed an admixture with remains of Sus strozzii, an early Pleistocene (Middle Villafranchian to Epivillafranchian) suid, questioning both the diagnosis and chronological range of P. provincialis. Here we review the late Miocene Suidae sample recovered from the Casino Basin (Tuscany, central Italy), whose taxonomic attribution has been controversial over the nearly 150 years since its discovery. Following a comparison with other Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene Eurasian species, the Casino Suidae are assigned to P. provincialis and the species diagnosis is emended. Moreover, it is recognized that all the late Miocene (Turolian) European Propotamochoerus material belongs to P. provincialis and that there is no compelling evidence of the occurrence of this species beyond the Turolian-Ruscinian transition (MN13-MN14).

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