scholarly journals Sensible temperature at the Łeba Sandbar (Słowiński National Park) on selected days of the 2010 summer season

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Marek Półrolniczak
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
National Park ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Synoptic Situation ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Local Circulation ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Atmospheric Fronts ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
Northern Sector

Sensible temperature at the Łeba Sandbar (Słowiński National Park) on selected days of the 2010 summer season The analysis was performed on the basis of weather measurements conducted in the Słowiński National Park at the Łeba Sandbar in the period from 8th July to 6th August 2010. Two biometeorological indices were calculated: the effective temperature (ET) and the radiative-effective temperature (RET). The daily course of RET was used to select the typical days, which were then subjected to a detailed analysis. This consisted in assessing the influence of individual meteorological elements and the synoptic situation on the development of the values of the RET and ET indices. A considerable diversity of sensible conditions was determined, as well as the considerable variability thereof during the day, in particular during the movement of atmospheric fronts. The sensible conditions were also influenced by factors connected with local circulation and the presence of the sea. Finally, a considerable decrease in the values of RET and ET was observed during changes in wind direction, namely when the wind was blowing from the northern sector.

scholarly journals Meteorological Variables and Synoptic Patterns Associated with Air Pollutions in Eastern China during 2013–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhujun Dai ◽  
Duanyang Liu ◽  
Kun Yu ◽  
Lu Cao ◽  
Youshan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Meteorological Condition ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Synoptic Situation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Air Pollutions ◽  
Meteorological Elements

Steady meteorological conditions are important external factors affecting air pollution. In order to analyze how adverse meteorological variables affect air pollution, surface synoptic situation patterns and meteorological conditions during heavy pollution episodes are discussed. The results showed that there were 78 RPHPDs (regional PM2.5 pollution days) in Jiangsu, with a decreasing trend year by year. Winter had the most stable meteorological conditions, thus most RPHPDs appeared in winter, followed by autumn and summer, with the least days in spring. RPHPDs were classified into three patterns, respectively, as equalized pressure (EQP), advancing edge of a cold front (ACF) and inverted trough of low pressure (INT) according to the SLP (sea level pressure). RPHPDs under EQP were the most (51%), followed by ACF (37%); INT was the minimum (12%). Using statistical methods and meteorological condition data on RPHPDs from 2013 to 2017 to deduce the thresholds and 2018 as an independent dataset to validate the proposed thresholds, the threshold values of meteorological elements are summarized as follows. The probability of RPHPDs without rain was above 92% with the daily and hourly precipitation of all RPHPDs below 2.1 mm and 0.8 mm. Wind speed, RHs, inversion intensity(ITI), height difference in the temperature inversion(ITK), the lower height of temperature inversion (LHTI) and mixed-layer height (MLH) in terms of 25%–75% high probability range were respectively within 0.5–3.6 m s−1, 55%–92%, 0.7–4.0 °C 100 m −1, 42–576 m, 3–570 m, 200–1200 m. Two conditions should be considered: whether the pattern was EQP, ACF or INT and whether the eight meteorological elements are within the thresholds. If both criteria are met, PM2.5 particles tend to accumulate and air pollution diffusion conditions are poor. Unfavorable meteorological conditions are the necessary, but not sufficient condition for RPHPDs.

scholarly journals Mountain hiking in Tatra National Park

Turyzm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Justyna Mokras-Grabowska
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Tatra National Park

Tatra National Park is the most frequently visited national park in Poland. During the peak season (summer), it attracts both ‘fully aware’ tourists, properly prepared for mountain hiking, and ‘casual’ hikers, motivated mainly by the shallow desire to ‘tick off’ the most popular places in the highest Polish mountains. The article describes the specific character of mountain hikers in Tatra National Park during the summer season, with particular attention paid to the motivations and skills involved in active tourism.

scholarly journals Birch (Betula L.) pollen seasons in Cracow in 1991-2008 in relation to meteorological conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Myszkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Piotrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Season ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Circulation Types ◽  
Atmospheric Fronts ◽  
Pollen Seasons ◽  
Daily Concentration ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
The Relationship

The parameters of the birch pollen seasons in Cracow in 1991-2008 were analysed in relation to some meteorological elements and synoptic situations (circulation types, air masses and atmospheric fronts). Two types of the pollen seasons were distinguished - highly dense and less dense. The first type of the season started on the 15<sup>th</sup> of April (on average), lasted 11-20 days and the maximum daily concentration exceeded 500 pgm<sup>-3</sup>. The less dense type started generally earlier (the first decade of April), lasted more than 20 days and the peak days were unstable. In this type of the pollen season, two peak days were often observed. The relationship between the type of the season and the meteorological conditions before the season was pointed out. Additionally, the influence of circulation types, types of air masses and atmospheric fronts over south-eastern Poland on a given day on the number of days with a daily concentration > 80 pgm<sup>-3</sup> was analysed. The relationship between the pollen season type and meteorological conditions before the season was found, among others, the influence of types of synoptic situations and air masses on the number of days with a concentration of over 80 pgm<sup>-3</sup> was established.

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of meiobenthic assemblages inhabiting the Nottinghambukta tidal flat, SW Spitsbergen

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-189
Author(s):  
Barbara Wojtasik ◽  
Kamil Nowiński ◽  
Wioletta Staniszewska ◽  
Anna Kheireddine
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Land Runoff

AbstractThe aim of the work was to describe the variability of a group of meiobenthos inhabiting a tidal flat in Nottinghambukta which is influenced by the diverse conditions of a seasonal as well as multi-annual cyclicity. Samples were collected in five series, i.e. during the Arctic spring (2001), summer (2000 and 2001) and autumn (2001). The material for qualitative analysis was collected from sites with different hydrological characteristics. The following major meiobenthic taxa were found: Metazoa, i.e. Nematoda and Crustacea (Ostracoda and Copepoda-Harpacticoida), and Foraminifera. Unstable conditions in the bay result in a seasonal variability in the species composition as well as an uneven colonisation of the Nottinghambukta area by meiobenthos. The lowest taxonomic diversity occurs in summer, but it increases in autumn when the land runoff ceases. Based on the conducted analysis, it can be concluded that the inflow of seawater in autumn brings on the occurrence of new taxa, which probably inhabit the bay temporarily until the summer season during which the highly variable conditions cause a change in the species composition. For the series of samples collected in July 2000 and 2001, the species composition for Harpacticoida was determined. The taxonomic diversity of the harpacticoid assemblage inhabiting the bay was observed in the two subsequent years. Moreover, during the study duration a considerable decrease was observed in the abundance of Ostracoda in Nottinghambukta.

scholarly journals Mit elitarności w turystyce kwalifikowanej. Przykład Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
Justyna Mokras-Grabowska ◽  
Sławoj Tanaś
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
The Media ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Active Leisure

THE MYTH OF ELITISM IN QUALIFIED TOURISM.THE EXAMPLE OF THE TATRA NATIONAL PARK  Qualified tourism, understood as the highest form of tourism, the most perfect kind of conscious tourism, was introduced and popularised in Poland in the 1950s by the PTTK Polish Tourism and Sightseeing Society. Combined with a knowledge of the so-called tourism culture, pursued with passion and expertise, today it concerns a relatively small, ambitious group of active tourists having very precise interests and seeking the highest form of tourist specialisation. The considerable demands for the participants means that the term “qualified tourism” is increasingly replaced with the term “active tourism” available to a broader section of society. The phenomenon is associated with socio-economic and cultural transformations, including the postmodern commercialisation of leisure time. Forms of outdoor recreation are becoming more and more accessible, while transformations of lifestyle, amount of free time and ways of spending it influence tourists’ preferences and tourist activities. What is also significant is the fashion for active leisure created in recent years by the media. Such a “simplified”, pop-cultural approach to active tourism contributes to reckless and irresponsible behaviours of tourists, as is perfectly illustrated by what happens in the Tatra National Park. Despite the fact that it is a fairly small part for European standards, it is one of the “busiest” in terms of tourist traffic. In its highest season July and August its visitors include both conscious tourists appropriately prepared for mountain hiking including qualified tourists and “casual” tourists, motivated mainly by their unreflecting need to “do” the most popular sites in Poland’s highest mountains.The authors of the article discuss the specificity of qualified tourism and refer to examples of hikers visiting the Tatra National Park in the highest summer season. They demonstrate the elitist nature of the principles of qualified tourism and thus refer to the practice, i.e. behaviour of tourists. In this they point to the lack of boundaries in the exploration of Poland’s highest mountains as well as their demystification.

scholarly journals Feeding Ecology of Sloth Bears in Chitwan National Park, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Khanal ◽  
Tej B. Thapa
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Chitwan National Park ◽  
Sloth Bear ◽  
And Behavior

Food habits of a species influences habitat use, ranging pattern and behavior. Seasonal diet composition of Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal was determined from 143 scats. Through macroscopic and microscopic analysis of scats; six types of plants, termites, ants, honey bees, wax, as well as mammalian hairs were identified. Although variation was observed, there was no significant difference in the diet composition in two different seasons. Overall, insects dominated the composition, occurring in 100% of the scats followed by the plants (39.16%) and mammalian hair (3.49%). Termites and ants were the major and stable dietary components. Termites (90%), Red ants (65%) and Aegle marmelos (35%) were important food for Sloth bear in summer season but the utilization of plants was very low. During winter, insects were heavily utilized by the bear. The utilization of termites (93.97%) and Ziziphus sp. (14.45%) was higher in comparison with summer season. Utilization of fruits in summer was negligible. By and large, on percent dry weight basis, insects (78.98%) dominated Sloth bear diet, followed by plants (20.99%) and mammalian hairs (0.04%).Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2014, 19(2): 118-122

scholarly journals Relationshps between Wild Mushroom Appearance and Meteorological Elements in Chiak National Park, Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyo-Moon Shim ◽  
Yong-Seok Kim ◽  
Gun-Yeob Kim ◽  
Deog-Bae Lee ◽  
Ki-Keong Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wild Mushroom ◽  
Meteorological Elements

scholarly journals Preliminary data of the scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) in the linden-oak-hornbeam forest of the Wigry National Park, North East Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Ewa DURSKA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
National Park ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
North East ◽  
Emergence Traps

Faunistic data on 66 species of geophilous scuttle flies cought by emergence traps placed in 6 sites of the linden-oak-hornbeam forest in the Wigry National Park in summer season of 2017 and 2018 are presented. About 60% of the individuals captured each year were species with at least 10 individuals. The same four dominants: Megaselia pulicaria-complex, M. flava, M. abdita and Gymnophora arcuata reached the highest abundance in the compared communities during both study seasons. Species with known biology accounted for only half of the captured species, but among them the most numerous (82%) were species whose larvae were classified as sapro-/necro- and mycophagous.

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