Landsat thermal band efficiency on characterizing mulched soil surface

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hashemimanesh ◽  
H. Matinfar ◽  
S. Alavipanah ◽  
G. Zehtabian
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dune ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Colour Composite ◽  
Dune Fixation ◽  
Images Processing ◽  
Thermal Band ◽  
Selection Of

Landsat thermal band efficiency on characterizing mulched soil surface In order to study petroleum mulch effects on soil, and sand dune fixation, thermal, and reflective bands of Landsat thematic mapper TM and ETM data, and other sources of information including topographic maps, aerial photos, and field work were used. The methodology was comprised of: images processing, statistic analysis, and relationship between thermal and reflective data. The results from image processing show that the behaviour of the Landsat thermal data is completely different from reflective data. The results from colour composite images including thermal bands have shown the capability of thermal bands in reparability of mulched and non-mulched areas. It was generally concluded that selection of TM, ETM thermal band is an important step to evaluate the area covered with petroleum mulch. Ratio mulch index was introduced as a best band combination in order to imagine mulch decomposition.

Spatial Representations as an Emergent Feature of Perceptual Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Wascher ◽  
C. Beste
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Perceptual Maps ◽  
Emergent Feature ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Selection Of

Spatial selection of relevant information has been proposed to reflect an emergent feature of stimulus processing within an integrated network of perceptual areas. Stimulus-based and intention-based sources of information might converge in a common stage when spatial maps are generated. This approach appears to be inconsistent with the assumption of distinct mechanisms for stimulus-driven and top-down controlled attention. In two experiments, the common ground of stimulus-driven and intention-based attention was tested by means of event-related potentials (ERPs) in the human EEG. In both experiments, the processing of a single transient was compared to the selection of a physically comparable stimulus among distractors. While single transients evoked a spatially sensitive N1, the extraction of relevant information out of a more complex display was reflected in an N2pc. The high similarity of the spatial portion of these two components (Experiment 1), and the replication of this finding for the vertical axis (Experiment 2) indicate that these two ERP components might both reflect the spatial representation of relevant information as derived from the organization of perceptual maps, just at different points in time.

Evidence for a single mechanism gating perceptual and long-term memory information into working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Tobias Egner
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Selection Of

An influential view of working memory (WM) holds that its’ contents are controlled by a selective gating mechanism that allows for relevant perceptual information to enter WM when opened, but shields WM contents from interference when closed. In support of this idea, prior studies using the reference-back paradigm have established behavioral costs for opening and closing the gate between perception and WM. WM also frequently requires input from long-term memory (LTM), but it is currently unknown whether a similar gate controls the selection of LTM representations into WM, and how WM gating of perceptual vs. LTM sources of information relate to each other. To address these key theoretical questions, we devised a novel version of the reference-back paradigm, where participants switched between gating perceptual and LTM information into WM. We observed clear evidence for gate opening and closing costs in both cases. Moreover, the pattern of costs associated with gating and source-switching indicated that perceptual and LTM information is gated into WM via a single gate, and rely on a shared source-selection mechanism. These findings extend current models of WM gating to encompass LTM information, and outline a new functional WM architecture.

scholarly journals Coastal sand dune vegetation of Velika plaža (Montenegro)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Stešević ◽  
Filip Küzmič ◽  
Đorđije Milanović ◽  
Milica Stanišić-Vujačić ◽  
Urban Šilc
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dune Vegetation ◽  
Sand Beach ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Sand Dune Vegetation ◽  
Phytosociological Study

Velika plaža (Ulcinj, Montenegro) is the largest sandy beach along the coast of the eastern Adriatic that still has well-developed sand-dune vegetation. Although the characterization of the flora and vegetation of Velika plaža has been addressed by many authors, knowledge on its vegetation remained poor. We made a phytosociological study of sand beach vegetation comprising both dunal and wetland areas to provide a comprehensive survey of sand dune vegetation and habitat typology of Velika plaža. Based on 149 relevés (both from literature and recent field work), and with numerical classification (Flexible beta) and ordination (Non-metric multidimensional scaling) our results show that the vegetation of Velika plaža is much more diverse than previously known. Altogether, 19 plant communities from 6 vegetation classes were identified. Among them we described two new associations: Cuscuto cesatianae-Phyletum nodiflorae and Onobrychido caput-galli-Vulpietum fasciculatae.

scholarly journals Willows Used for Phytoremediation Increased Organic Contaminant Concentrations in Soil Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2979
Author(s):  
Maxime Fortin Faubert ◽  
Dominic Desjardins ◽  
Mohamed Hijri ◽  
Michel Labrecque
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Hydrology ◽  
Intensive Culture ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Made In

The Salix genus includes shrub species that are widely used in phytoremediation and various other phytotechnologies due to their advantageous characteristics, such as a high evapotranspiration (ET) rate, in particular when cultivated in short rotation intensive culture (SRIC). Observations made in past field studies suggest that ET and its impact on soil hydrology can also lead to increases in soil pollutant concentrations near shrubs. To investigate this, sections of a mature willow plantation (seven years old) were cut to eliminate transpiration (Cut treatment). Soil concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), aliphatic compounds C10–C50, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and five trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn) were compared between the Cut and the uncut plots (Salix miyabeana ‘SX61’). Over 24 months, the results clearly show that removal of the willow shrubs limited the contaminants’ increase in the soil surface, as observed for C10–C50 and of 10 PAHs under the Salix treatment. This finding strongly reinforces a hypothesis that SRIC of willows may facilitate the migration of contaminants towards their roots, thus increasing their concentration in the surrounding soil. Such a “pumping effect” in a high-density willow crop is a prominent characteristic specific to field studies that can lead to counterintuitive results. Although apparent increases of contaminant concentrations contradict the purification benefits usually pursued in phytoremediation, the possibility of active phytoextraction and rhizodegradation is not excluded. Moreover, increases of pollutant concentrations under shrubs following migration suggest that decreases would consequently occur at the source points. Some reflections on interpreting field work results are provided.

scholarly journals USE OF “KNOWLEDGE HOUSE”, DWS, DMS AND DSS METHODOLOGY BY COMPLETING A COMPETITORS' ANALYSIS IN THE RAILWAY SECTOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022-1051
Author(s):  
Vaidas GAIDELYS ◽  
Stasys DAILYDKA
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Information Accessibility ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Selection Of

In completing a competitors’ analysis in the railway sector by using the “Knowledge House” method, there is frequently a problem of data and information accessibility. The quality of primary information has direct influence on the quality of analytical conclusions. One more condition for the qualitative application of this method is the intellectual capital and experience of the analyst. One should note that in this regard we face another problem, that of selection of proper personnel, on the qualification of whom depends the accuracy of the evaluation and final results, on the basis of which strategic decisions are taken. The main aim of the paper is to assess the opportunities for applications of competitive intelligence methods in the railway sector. The study is using “Knowledge House”, DWS, DMS, DSS methodologies. Having analysed the scientific works the direct scientific sources of information, which are oriented to the application of the methods of competitive intelligence to the railway sector, have not been identified. The paper is absolutely original in that until now the competitive intelligence techniques have not been applied for the railway sector companies. Considering the fact that foreign companies, which compete for freighting at the international level, are regarded as the main competitors of the railway sector, the use of the methods of the competitive intelligence becomes more important while fighting for the part of the market. The competitive intelligence methods and their application to the railway sector companies are little studied. In accordance with application of the relevant methods in other sectors, it can be assumed that these innovative approaches could have a positive impact on the competitiveness of companies in the railway sector and their income.

scholarly journals La ética en la investigación de posgrado

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Piña-Osorio ◽  
Hilda Berenice Aguayo-Rousell
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Programs ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Formal Presentation ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Minimum Quality ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents the results of an exploratory-descriptive research with empirical referents. The objective was to document, systematize and evaluate some features of 15 postgraduate theses in education, with the intention to make visible some recurring dishonest practices of students and teachers. The postgraduate programs from which the theses were obtained are located in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. The selection of documents was carried out between July and November 2015. Two Likert scales were used to assess two dimensions separately: 1) content, in which originality, congruence, dominance and relevance of authors, findings and relevant conclusions were considered; and 2) presentation, which examined style, logical structure, spelling and punctuation, citations, references and sources of information. Each indicator was assigned a numerical value and this one was given an evaluative characteristic: 5: excellent, 3: regular and 1: deficient. Subsequently, percentages were obtained. The results indicated that only a third of the theses could be classified as excellent for the quality of the content and the impeccable presentation; a similar percentage were works that fulfilled the necessary but didn’t count with the rigor and originality of the first ones. The remaining papers had serious deficiencies, both in content and in the formal presentation of the document, without achieving the minimum quality demanded by a postgraduate thesis. The analysis of these investigations made it possible to visualize some of the dishonest practices of people graduating from various educational programs and the lack of commitment to their research. The results about the quality of the research in various doctoral programs indicate that there is little responsibility in students, personal tutor and the reviewer. The results allow the authorities of each program to observe the problem and seek practical solutions to solve it.

scholarly journals Fault Diagnosis of Transmission Line using Feed Forward Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Neural Nets ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Selection Of

The implementation of neural network for the fault diagnosis is to improve the dependability of the proposed scheme by providing a more accurate, faster diagnosis relaying scheme as compared with the conventional relaying schemes. It is important to improve the relaying schemes regarding the shortcoming of the system and increase the dependability of the system by using the proposed relaying scheme. It also provide more accurate, faster relaying scheme. It also gives selective schemes as compared to conventional system. The techniques for survey employed some methods for the collection of data which involved a literature review of journals, from review on books, newspaper, magazines as well as field work, additional data was collected from researchers who are working in this field. To achieve optimum result we have to improve following things: (i) Training time, (ii) Selection of training vector, (iii) Upgrading of trained neural nets and integration of technologies. AI with its promise of adaptive training and generalization deserves scope. As a result we obtain a system which is more reliable, more accurate, and faster, has more dependability as well as it will selective according to the proposed relaying scheme as compare to the conventional relaying scheme. This system helps us to reduce the shortcoming like major faults which we faced in the complex system of transmission lines which will helps in reducing human effort, saves cost for maintaining the transmission system.

scholarly journals Monitoring of glaciers in the Polar Urals using remote sensing Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Natalia Martynova ◽  
Valentina Budarova ◽  
Artem Sheremetinsky ◽  
Nikita Mezentsev
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
The Polar Urals

The development of technological progress provides more opportunities for indirect monitoring of changes in the environment. Remote sensing is one of The most accessible and reliable sources of information. In this work, we used satellite images from the Landsat family. The theoretical justification of the research question is given. The research methodology was developed. Collection and processing of satellite images for various time periods. A series of schematic maps based on remote sensing Data has been created. As a result of digitization of satellite images, 9 glacier contours were obtained by year. We determined the area of the Romantics glacier and found that it lost at least 60% of its original area. These studies were used to build a series of cartographic schemes that clearly show the reduction of the glacier area. It is concluded that the use of remote sensing allows you to solve problems, monitoring the object. The use of this method allows not only to save time for field work, but also material costs for expedition equipment and various equipment. This method can be tested on any objects.

PP414 Improving The Accessibility Of Scottish Medicines Consortium Advice

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
Miranda Pierre ◽  
Jackie McCormack ◽  
Jennifer Dickson ◽  
Lindsay Lockhart ◽  
Noreen Downes
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
User Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Healthcare Improvement ◽  
The Press ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Selection Of

IntroductionThe Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) provides advice on which new medicines should be accepted for routine use by the NHS in Scotland. To help increase the accessibility of the advice, SMC produces public information summaries, which have been published on the SMC website since 2018. We conducted an evaluation to investigate if the public summaries are achieving their purpose and subsequently help inform improvements from a user perspective. The objectives were to determine how the public summaries are being used; what users like and what could be improved; and if they have achieved a greater understanding of decisions.MethodsThe first stage of the evaluation involved surveying patient groups (organizations that represent the interests of patients, families and carers) to investigate how they use the public summaries. We then conducted workshops with patient groups and Public Partners (members of the public that volunteer with Healthcare Improvement Scotland) to gather perspectives on the content, language and layout of a selection of public summaries.ResultsThe survey responses (n = 14) illustrate that the public summaries are being used in a variety of ways. The majority (n = 10) of patient groups reported using the public summaries to help explain SMC decisions to the people they support.The workshops highlighted that participants found the public summaries clear and helpful. In general, patient groups felt the level of detail and language used in the public summaries improved their understanding of SMC decisions compared to other sources of information, such as the press release or Detailed Advice Document.There were a number of suggested improvements, including changing the layout (so the SMC decision appears first) and providing definitions for some technical terms. Where actionable, these recommendations have been implemented.ConclusionsWorking in partnership with patient groups and Public Partners has enabled SMC to further strengthen public summaries, and patient engagement more broadly. Improvements have ensured that SMC's decisions are communicated clearly, helping to increase accessibility.

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