scholarly journals Influence of Different Fertilization Level of Zinc Sulphate and Plant Density on the Breakage Susceptibility of Triticale Seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shahbazi ◽  
R. Sharafi ◽  
F. Biranvand ◽  
N.Z. Tolabi
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Constant Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Fertilization Level ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In order to determine the effects of different fertilization level of zinc sulphate and plant density on the breakage susceptibility of triticale seeds an experiment was conducted during 2011 growing season, at the experimental research station of Lorestan University, Iran. A factorial experiment was conducted with 3×3 treatments and three replications in a completely randomized block design (CRBD). Factors included three plant densities (200, 300 and 400 plants/m2) and three levels of zinc sulphate (0 - control, 40 and 60 kg/ha). The harvested seeds were then subjected to impact energies of 0.05 and 0.1 J at constant moisture content of 15% using an impact test apparatus. The analysis of variance showed that fertilization level of zinc sulphate (at the 1% probability level), plant density (at the 5% level) and interaction between two variables (at the 5% level) significantly influenced breakage susceptibility of triticale seeds. The average values of percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 32.592 to 16.9268% as the fertilization level of zinc sulphate increased from 0 to 60kg/ha. As the plant density increased from 200 to 400 plants/m2 the percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 27.942 to 21.350%. Increasing the impact energy from 0.05 to 0.1 J caused an increase in the percentage breakage of seeds from 14.07 to 36.9%.

Effect of Zinc Sulphate Fertilizer Rate on the Breakage Susceptibility of Three Wheat Varieties

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
F. Shahbazi ◽  
R. Sharafi ◽  
R. Rahimi Chegni ◽  
N.Z. Tolabi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Fertilization Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

ABSTRACT Mechanical damage of seeds due to harvest, handling and other process is an important factor that affects the quality and quaintly of seeds. Seed damage results in lower grain value, storability problem, and reduces seed germination and seedling vigor and subsequent yield of crops. The objectives were to determine the effect of different levels of zinc sulphate fertilization on the breakage susceptibility of three irrigated wheat varieties (Bahar, Shiraz and Pyshtaz). An experiment was conduct at the Experimental research station of Lorestan University, Iran. A factorial experiment was conducted with three replicates in a completely randomized block design (CRBD). Factors included three levels of zinc sulphate. Zinc sulphate treatments were combinations of three fertilization rates (0 - control, 25 and 50 kg/ha) at three replicates. The harvested seeds were subjected to impact energies of 0.05 and 0.1 J at constant moisture contents of 9.8, 15 and 20% using an impact test apparatus. The analysis of variance showed that wheat variety, fertilization level of zinc sulphate and moisture content significantly influenced breakage susceptibility of wheat seeds at the 1% probability level. Resistance to the breakage of wheat seeds for all varieties increased, as polynomial functions, with increase in the zinc sulphate rate. The average values of percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 37.07 to 27.80% as the fertilization level of zinc sulphate increased from 0 to 50 kg/ha. Bahar variety exhibited the highest resistance to breakage than other varieties. As the moisture content increased from 9.8 to 20% the percentage breakage of seeds decreased from 36.58 to 30.03%. Increasing the impact energy from 0.05 to 0.1 J caused an increase in the percentage breakage of seeds from 16.19 to 50.47%.

Impacts of Elevated Ozone and Ozone protectanton Plant Growth, Nutrients, Biochemical and Yield properties of Turnip (Brassica rapa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boomiraj Kovilpillai ◽  
Sethupathi Nedumaran ◽  
Sudhakaran Mani ◽  
Jayabalakrishnan Raja Mani ◽  
Sritharan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Potassium

Abstract An experiment was conducted at woodhouse farm, Horticultural Research Station, Ooty, in the period of October 2017 to March 2018, to quantify the impact of elevated ozone and ozone protectants spray on plant growth, nutrients, biochemical and yield properties of turnip crop in a factorial completely randomized block design replicated thrice. The elevated ozone exposure significantly reduces the plant height, tuber size, tuber weight, Chlorophyll ‘a’, Chlorophyll ‘b’, Total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, total potassium, total Manganese, Iron, Zinc, Copper inturnip. Meanwhile, the elevated ozone exposure significantly increased the total phosphorous, catalase and peroxide activity inturnip. However, ozone protectants played a major role to nullify the tropospheric ozoneeffect on growth, physiology, development and yield of turnip and among them panchagavya performed well followed by neem oil and ascorbicacid.

scholarly journals Spacing, population density and nitrogen fertilization in corn grown in an Oxisoil

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Leandro Rampim ◽  
Tatiane Ohland ◽  
Fernando Fávero
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate yield components, leaf nitrogen content and grain yield in corn as affected by row spacing, plant density and nitrogen topdressing. The experiment was conducted with the single-cross hybrid AG 8021, in the municipality of Toledo-PR, in an Oxisoil under no-tillage system, in the crop year 2005/ 2006. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design and treatments in split-split-plots, with four replications. The two row spacings (0.45 and 0.90 m) were allocated in the main plots, the two plant densities (60,000 and 80,000 plants ha-1) were allocated in the subplots and the three nitrogen rates (80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1 N) were allocated in the sub-subplots. Topdress nitrogen was applied using urea as N source. The rise of the plant population from 60,000 to 80,000 plants ha-1 and the application of topdress nitrogen resulted in increased production components. The application of topdress fertilization provided increase in leaf N content and grain yield for the spacings 0.45 m and 0.90 m. Yield was higher in the spacing 0.45 m than 0.90 m. Yield was higher with 60,000 plants than with 80,000 plants at 0.90 m, while at 0.45 m there was no difference in relation to the plant density.

scholarly journals Grain yield and population densities of new corn hybrids released by the INIFAP and UNAM for the High Valleys of Mexico†

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-515
Author(s):  
Margarita Tadeo-Robledo ◽  
Alejandro Espinosa-Calderón ◽  
Enrique Canales-Islas ◽  
Consuelo López-López ◽  
Benjamín Zamudio-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
H 51

In Mexico, corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals from the alimentary, industrial, social, political, and cultural points of view. It is grown in different agroecological niches, water regimes, and management systems. The objective of the present research work was to study the optimum plant density per area unit and its effect on grain yield and agronomical characteristics of different corn hybrids. Six corn hybrids (H-51 AE, H 53 AE, H 47 AE, H 49 AE, Tsíri PUMA, and H-48) and three plant densities (50 000, 65 000, and 80 000 plants ha-1) were evaluated. Sowing was done during the spring-summer season, 2015, in field owned by the FESC-UNAM and CEVAMEX-INIFAP. A completely randomized block design was used with four replicates. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were detected for genotypes (G) in the variables of grain yield, plant height, ear height, days to male and female flowering, volumetric weight, grain weight, ear length, and grains per ear. Moreover, the effect of the environment (E) was significant (P ≤ 0.05) for the same variables, with the exception of ear length. No significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) were registered for the densities factor (D). Only the G×E interaction had significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the grain yield trait. The better environment was CEVAMEX, with a mean yield of 5497 kg ha-1. The Tsíri PUMA hybrid had the best grain yield with 5856 kg ha-1. Although there were no differences for the studied interactions, the 65 000 plants ha-1 population density was the most appropriate. The densities factor did not affect the performance of the evaluated hybrids. Therefore, we recommend using 65 000 plants ha-1 to avoid investing in large amounts of seeds.

scholarly journals Yield of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana plants under water deficit and high plant density

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Barreto Magalhães ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato ◽  
Marcelo Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Cleiton Fernando Barbosa Brito ◽  
Varley Andrade Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Abstract Yield-improving and water-saving techniques assume great importance in the cultivation of banana plants under semiarid regions, prone to greater climate variability. The objective of this study was to evaluate yield and water-use efficiency (WUE) response of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana plants to combinations of plant densities and irrigation levels: three irrigation levels, 50, 75 and 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and four plant densities, 1,666 (3.0 x 2.0 m), 2,083 (3.0 x 1.6 m), 2,666 (3.0 x 1.25 m) and 3,333 (3.0 x 1.0) plants ha-1, evaluated in two production cycles. The treatments were laid out in a randomized block design with four replicates. Increasing plant density up to 3,333 plants ha-1 induced reductions in number of leaves at harvest and some yield components; also, longer cycles, and increased yields were observed while maintaining fruit marketable size, regardless of the irrigation level used. Using an irrigation level at 50%ETc and a plant density of 3,333 plants ha-1 led to an increase in WUE of 313.92% in the first cycle and 295.27% in the second cycle compared with 1,666 plants ha-1 irrigated at 100% ETc. Higher yields and WUE can be achieved by using a plant population density of 3,333 plants ha-1 and irrigation levels below 100%ETc.

scholarly journals Plant density in production of mini lettuce cultivars in organic system management

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Takahashi ◽  
Antonio II Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities

Production of mini vegetables in organic system is a good alternative to improve profit, but there are no researches about the optimum plant density for these cultivars in Brazilian conditions. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the production of mini lettuce cultivars in different plant densities. Experiment 1 was conducted from January 1th (sowing) to February 10th(harvesting), 2012. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with six treatments in factorial scheme, 3 mini lettuce cultivars (Tudela, Renoir and Sartre) x 2 spacing between plants (16 and 20 cm), with eight replications and plots (2.04 m2) with six rows, spaced 15 cm. Experiment 2 was conducted from June 6th (sowing) to July 18th (harvesting), 2012. The cultivars Sartre and Renoir were evaluated under four plant densities (444,444; 333,333; 266,667 and 200,000 plants ha-1, corresponding to spacing of 15x15, 15x20, 25x15 and 25x20 cm, respectively). Eight treatments were defined by a factorial scheme 2 (cultivars) x 4 (plant densities) and arranged in a completely randomized block design, with nine replications and plots with 2.04 m2. The evaluated characteristics in both experiments were total and marketable fresh weight per plant, plant dry weight, plant diameter and height, marketable yield and discard percentage. In first experiment, during the summer, cultivar Sartre showed the highest marketable fresh weight (72 g plant-1). Heaviest plants (91.6 g plant-1) were obtained with the higher plant spacing, but the highest yield (2.51 kg m-2) was obtained with the smaller spacing. In winter, plants with higher total (190 g plant-1) and marketable (146 g planta-1) fresh weight were obtained with cultivar Sartre, and the same was observed in low plant density. However, the higher plant density, the higher the yield.

scholarly journals Productivity of castor bean plants intercropped at different plant densities with Urochloa ruziziensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. dos S. Cordeiro ◽  
Fábio R. Echer ◽  
Lucas H. T. Pires ◽  
José E. Creste
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Plant Densities

ABSTRACT Castor bean is an important raw material to produce biofuel in Brazil and can be grown in several regions of the country due to its good adaptation and tolerance to high temperatures and water deficit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of castor bean plants intercropped at different plant densities with Urochloa ruziziensis. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, using a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four plant densities (13,574, 24,512, 36,816, and 40,723 plants ha-1) of castor bean and two crop systems (single crop, and intercrop with Urochloa ruziziensis). The data were subjected to analyses of variance and regression, and means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The intercrop system reduced the number of pods per plant by 15%, but it did not significantly affect the castor bean grain yield. Increasing plant density reduced linearly the proportion of plants harvested, reaching 22.1%, from the lowest to the highest plant density used; the highest grain yield was achieved using 36,816 plants ha-1 for both intercrop and single crop systems. Intercropping castor bean with U. ruziziensis does not reduce the castor bean grain yield and is an alternative to produce biomass for following crops, especially in production environments with low fertility soils, high temperatures, and infrequent rainfall.

scholarly journals Effect of water regimes and plant densities on cowpea production1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinete Martins de Sousa Monteiro ◽  
Edson Alves Bastos ◽  
Milton José Cardoso ◽  
Aderson Soares de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACT Cowpea has been cultivated in a rudimentary form in the main producing regions of Brazil, resulting in lower grain yields, when compared to the crop potential. The use of technologies such as water regimes, adequate plant density and soil management are alternatives to increase this crop yield. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different water regimes and plant densities on the yield components of cowpea cultivated under conventional and no-tillage systems. A randomized block design in a split-plot factorial, with four replications, was used. The treatments consisted of five water regimes in the plots (157.00 mm, 189.00 mm, 234.00 mm, 274.00 mm and 320.00 mm) and five plant densities as subplots (12 plants m-2, 16 plants m-2, 20 plants m-2, 24 plants m-2 and 28 plants m-2). The evaluated variables were: number of pods per plant, number of pods per area, pod length and grain yield. The combination between 270 mm of irrigation water depth with a density of 280,000 plants ha-1 resulted in higher grain yield using the no-tillage system, while the combination between the density of 280,000 plants ha-1 and 320 mm of water depth favored the highest grain yields in the conventional growing system.

scholarly journals POPULATION DENSITY ON COWPEA CULTIVARS WITH DIFFERENT GROWTH HABITS IN THE MATOPIBA REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
MILTON JOSÉ CARDOSO ◽  
FRANCISCO DE BRITO MELO ◽  
VALDENIR QUEIROZ RIBEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Growth Habits

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the productive performance of cowpea cultivars with different growth habits as a function of population density in the MATOPIBA region, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in Magalhães de Almeida, MA in the agricultural season 2014/2015. The cultivars BRS Itaim, BRS Tumucumaque, and BRS Pajeú, which present an erect, semi-erect, and semi-prostrate growth habits, respectively, were assessed. For the erect and semi-erect cultivars, a total of 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 plants m−2 were used whereas for the semi-prostrate cultivar, a total of 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 plants m−2 were used. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications and treatments composed of plant densities. Grain yield and number of pods per area presented a quadratic response to the increased plant density whereas a decreasing linear response was observed for the number of pods per plant. The maximum grain yield of erect, semi-erect, and semi-prostrate cultivars were 1,076 kg ha−1 (19.5 plants m−2), 1,252 kg ha−1 (18.7 plants m−2), and 755 kg ha−1 (14.5 plants m−2), respectively. The number of pods per area was the character that most correlated (P<0.01) with grain yield, regardless of the plant growth habit.

scholarly journals Leaf miner incidence in coffee plants under different drip irrigation regimes and planting densities

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleice Aparecida Assis ◽  
Franscinely Aparecida Assis ◽  
Myriane Stella Scalco ◽  
Francisco José Toloza Parolin ◽  
Iraci Fidelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Coffee Plants

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different drip irrigation regimes and planting densities on the incidence of the leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella, in arabica coffee plants for one year. The experiment was carried out in 2008, in a complete randomized block design, in a split-plot in time arrangement, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of four drip irrigation regimes - soil water balance, irrigations at 20 and 60 kPa soil tensions, and a nonirrigated treatment -, which were distributed at three plant densities: 2, 500, 5, 000, and 10, 000 plants per hectare. The evaluations were made on a monthly basis between January and December 2008. The highest pest occurrence period was from August to November, a season with low-air relative humidity preceded by a drought period. Irrigated coffee plants showed an incidence of intact mines 2.2 times lower than that of nonirrigated plants. Irrigation and increasing of plant density contribute to the reduction of coffee leaf miner occurrence.

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