scholarly journals PENGARUH TORSIO TESTIS TERHADAP GANGGUAN PROSES SPERMATOGENESIS PADA TESTIS TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Nora Adliyanti Basar ◽  
Dahril Dahril ◽  
Tita Menawati ◽  
Fajriah Fajriah
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Testicular Torsion ◽  
Round Spermatid ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstrak. Torsio testis adalah terputarnya atau melilitnya korda spermatika, yang menyebabkan terputusnya aliran darah ke testis dan struktur jaringan di dalam skrotum. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi efek variasi durasi waktu torsio testis terhadap proses spermatogenesis yang meliputi: jumlah sel Sertoli, spermatogonia, spermatosit primer, dan round spermatid testis Rattus norvegicus dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan dibagi dalam 3 kelompok yaitu kontrol (KO) dan perlakuan (P1 dan P2). Kelompok perlakuan diinduksi torsio 360o pada testis kiri selama 4 dan 8 jam. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus yang diamati langsung (efek cepat) dan 5 ekor tikus yang diamati setelah 30 hari dilakukan detorsi (efek lambat). Data dianalisa dengan metode ANOVA multifaktorial dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tuckey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata jumlah sel Sertoli pada KO: 142,00 ± 12,36; P1: 48,40 ± 8,00; P2: 35,70 ± 16,28, rerata jumlah spermatogonia KO: 975,30 ± 95,12; P1: 563,70 ± 170,44; P2: 321,10 ± 181,20, rerata jumlah spermatosit primer KO: 1307,50 ± 87,57; P1: 881,50 ± 253,65 ; P2: 505,80 ± 163,69, rerata round spermatid KO: 1237,20 ± 148,75; P1: 766,10 ± 277,68; P2: 473,00 ± 133,25. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa torsio testis selama 4 dan 8 jam mengakibatkan perubahan jumlah sel Sertoli, spermatogonia, spermatosit primer, dan round spermatid (P0,05). Diharapkan, penanganan segera kasus torsio testis dapat menurunkan angka kerusakan testis.  (JKS 2017; 2: 83-93)Kata kunci : torsio testis, proses spermatogenesis, jumlah sel SertoliAbstract. Testicular torsion is the spermatic cord twisted, which causes the interruption of blood flow to the testicles and structures within the scrotum. The research was subjected to identify the effect of various duration of testicular torsion to spermatogenesis process include on the amount of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and spermatids round of Rattus norvegicus testes. This experimental research using completely randomized design (CRD) and contains of 3 groups: control (KO) and experimental groups (P1 and P2). The experimental groups which contains 20 rats underwent 360o unilateral left testicular torsion for 4 hours (P1) and 8 hours (P2). Five rats for each groups were examined after testicular torsion induced (short term effect) besides five other remained were examined after 30 days testicular tortion repaired (long term effect). Data were analyzed using ANOVA multifactorial followed by Tuckey’s HSD test. The result showed significant differences (P0,05). Between KO: 142.00 ± 12.36; P1: 48.40 ± 8.00; and P2: 35.70 ± 16.28 in the amount of Sertoli cells, between KO: 975.30 ± 95, 12: P1: 563.70 ± 170.44; P2: 321.10 ± 181.20 in the amount of spermatogonia, between KO: 1307.50 ± 87.57; P1: 881.50 ± 253.65; P2: 505, 80 ± 163.69 in the amount of primary spermatocytes, between KO: 1237.20 ± 148.75; P1: 766.10 ± 277.68; P2: 473.00 ± 133,25 in the amount of spermatids round. Therefore, testicular torsion for 4 and 8 hours resulted in changes in the amount of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and spermatids round (P0,05). Expected, the immediate treatment of cases of testicular torsion may reduce the number of testicular damage. (JKS 2017; 2: 83-93)Keywords: testicular torsion, spermatogenesis process, the amount of Sertoli cell

scholarly journals Controlled trial of the short- and long-term effect of psychological treatment of post-partum depression

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Cooper ◽  
Lynne Murray ◽  
Anji Wilson ◽  
Helena Romaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Psychodynamic Therapy ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Maternal Mood ◽  
Long Term Effect

BackgroundPsychological interventions for postnatal depression can be beneficial in the short term but their longer-term impact is unknown.AimsTo evaluate the long-term effect on maternal mood of three psychological treatments in relation to routine primary care.MethodWomen with post-partum depression (n=193) were assigned randomly to one of four conditions: routine primary care, non-directive counselling, cognitive–behavioural therapy or psychodynamic therapy. They were assessed immediately after the treatment phase (at 4.5 months) and at 9, 18 and 60 months post-partum.ResultsCompared with the control, all three treatments had a significant impact at 4.5 months on maternal mood (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS). Only psychodynamic therapy produced a rate of reduction in depression (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R) significantly superior to that of the control. The benefit of treatment was no longer apparent by 9 months post-partum. Treatment did not reduce subsequent episodes of post-partum depression.ConclusionsPsychological intervention for post-partum depression improves maternal mood (EPDS) in the short term. However, this benefit is not superior to spontaneous remission in the long term.

A comparison of the effects of body condition and short-term food restriction on the feeding behaviour of sheep

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
A.M. Sibbald
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Single Meal

Voluntary food intake is generally inversely related to body condition or fatness in mature sheep (Foot, 1972). Since the intake of pelleted diets by housed sheep consists of a number of discrete feeding bouts or 'meals' (e.g. Bermudez et al., 1989), the relatively long-term effect of body condition on intake will be achieved through changes in feeding behaviour at the level of a single meal. The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects of body condition and short-term food restriction on meal patterns in sheep, to investigate the mechanism by which body condition influences daily food intake.

Brassinosteroid-induced de-etiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings resembles the long-term effects of cytokinins

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Ji-Chu Chen ◽  
Yu-Ju Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Positive Regulators

Cytokinins can cause de-etiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. seedlings growing in the dark. Brassinosteroids (BRs) have been considered to regulate negatively the de-etiolation in dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. We show here that epi-brassinolide (epi-BL) can partially produce the phenotype of de-etiolation as caused by treatment with cytokinins in the dark, including the development of leaves and epicotyls in the wild-type and the BR-deficient mutant det2. But BRs cannot inhibit hypocotyl elongation, nor restore all the inhibition caused by cytokinins and light. We have found that there are distinct short term and long term phases of induction of de-etiolation by cytokinins. The short-term effect is probably coupled to ethylene in the inhibition of the hypocotyl elongation; the long-term effect causes morphogenesis of leaves and epicotyls. BRs can only regulate de-etiolation in the long term. We propose that the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation of det2 in darkness is caused by the absence of BR-dependent elongation rather than the inhibition caused by the expression of genes for photomorphogenesis. We propose that BRs resemble cytokinins in regulating de-etiolation as positive regulators, and that the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and the development of leaves and epicotyls in de-etiolation are independent processes.

Long-term regulation of hexose uptake by isoproterenol in cultured 3T3 adipocytes

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (6) ◽  
pp. E706-E711 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. van Putten ◽  
H. M. Krans
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Hexose Uptake

Catecholamines are known to have short-term regulatory effects on fat cell hexose uptake. We examined the long-term effects of catecholamines on the insulin-sensitive 2-deoxyglucose (dGlc) uptake in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Prolonged exposure (48 h) to isoproterenol (beta-adrenergic agonist) stimulated the basal dGlc uptake up to 90%. The effect was specific, time, concentration, and protein synthesis dependent and reversible. The effect of insulin was unaltered and superimposed on the increase in basal dGlc uptake. The long-term effect of isoproterenol was mimicked by epinephrine, dibutyryl cAMP (DBcAMP), and 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (IBMX). By contrast, short-term exposure to isoproterenol (and epinephrine) induced a protein synthesis-independent increase in basal dGlc uptake (30%) not accompanied by an increase in insulin responsiveness. Moreover, on short-term basis, DBcAMP and IBMX suppressed both the basal and insulin-stimulated uptake up to 50%. Determination of the intracellular nonphosphorylated dGlc during the uptake and of the hexokinase activity revealed that the long-term effect of isoproterenol was most likely due to alterations low in dGlc transport. In conclusion, long-term regulators of hexose uptake are in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, isoproterenol, and other cAMP stimulators. The long-term effect is independent from the short-term regulatory effect of the agents and from the effect of insulin.

The short‐term and the long‐term effect of primary schools and classes on mathematics and language achievement scores

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Pustjens ◽  
Eva Van de gaer ◽  
Jan Van Damme ◽  
Patrick Onghena ◽  
Georges Van Landeghem
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
Language Achievement ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Effect

The time spent in fresh cow pen influences total lactational performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
F. Hoseyni ◽  
D. Zahmatkesh ◽  
E. Mahjoubi ◽  
M. Hossein Yazdi ◽  
R. A. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grouping Strategy ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Lactational Performance ◽  
Grouping Strategies ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
First Time

AbstractThis research paper addresses the effect of different grouping strategies of fresh cows on total lactational and reproductive performance. Hundred-sixty multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled in a completely randomized design and assigned to one of following treatments: 21 days in fresh pen with 12.5 kg/day concentrate (C21, n = 60), 10 days in fresh pen with 12.5 kg/day concentrate (C10, n = 50) and 10 days in fresh pen with 10 kg/day concentrate (L10, n = 50). Although there were no differences among treatments within the first 10 days in milk (DIM), C10 and L10 cows tended to produce more milk than C21 from 10 to 21 DIM. In addition, greater milk yield was obtained in C10 and L10 cows during 22–28 DIM and 29–70 DIM. Higher production in early lactation resulted in a tendency for greater milk production for C10 and L10 cows throughout a 305 days lactation. There was no difference in productivity between C10 and L10 groups at any time point. No blood metabolites (Ca, P, non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxy butyrate) were affected by treatments. Pregnancy at first, second and third service was 38, 39 and 40%, respectively, which were not influenced by the days in fresh pen or concentrate allowance. Collectively, our results for the first time suggest that fresh cow grouping strategy has a long-term effect on productivity but that adding 2.5 kg/day concentrate has no effect on milk yield in fresh pen.

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