EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI KURMA MESIR (Phoenix dactylifera L.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Streptococcus pyogenes SECARA IN VITRO

Abstrak. Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) telah dikonsumsi secara luas di seluruh duniadan diketahui memiliki banyak manfaat di bidan kesehatan. Salah satu mafaatnya yaitu sebagai obat terhadap faringitis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes. Terdapat ±517.000 kematian pertahun yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Streptococcus pyogenes dan komplikasinya. Sejauh ini telah banyak studi mengenai manfaat daging kurma, namun manfaat terhadap biji kurma belum banyak diteliti. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek antibakteri ekstrak etanol biji kurma Mesir (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pada Streptococus pyogenes secara in vitro dengan uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) menggunakan metode dilusi serial dan uji Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) dengan inokulasi pada media agar darah. Konsentrasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1428.57 mg/ml, 714,29 mg/ml, 357.14 mg/ml, 178.57 mg/ml, 89.29 mg/ml, 44,64 mg/ml, 22,32 mg/ml, dan 11,16 mg/ml. Dari penelitian tersebut didapatkan bahwa Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) tidak dapat ditentukan dan nilai Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) sebesar 1428.57 mg/ml. Ekstrak etanol biji kurma Mesir (Phoenix dactylifera L.) efektif sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes dengan nilai signifikan 0,002 (p0,05) Kata Kunci: Biji Kurma Mesir, Phoenix dactylifera L., Streptococcus pyogenes, faringitis Abstract. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are widely consumed in various parts of the world and are known to have many benefits in the health sector. One of them is pharyngitis medication caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. There are ±517.000 deaths per year which caused by Streptococcus pyogenes infection and its complication. So far there have been many studies on the benefits of date flesh, but the benefits of the seeds have not been widely studied. The aim of this study is to test the anti-bacterial effect of the ethanol extract of Egyptian Phoenix dactylifera L. seed on Streptococcus pyogenes in vitro by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test using serial dilution method and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) in blood agar plate inoculates. The concentration used in this study are 1428.57 mg/ml, 714,29 mg/ml, 357.14 mg/ml, 178.57 mg/ml, 89.29 mg/ml, 44,64 mg/ml, 22,32 mg/ml, and 11,16 mg/ml. From this study the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) can not be determined and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration is 1428.57 mg/ml. Ethanol extract of Egyptian Phoenix dactylifera L. seed effective as antibacteri against Streptococcus pyogenes with a significant value of 0,002 (p 0,05). Keywords: date palm seeds, Phoenix dactylifera L, Streptococcus pyogenes, pharyngitis.

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Efektivitas ekstrak etanol biji kurma mesir (Phoenix dactylifera L.) sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes secara in vitro

Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala ◽

10.24815/jks.v19i3.18113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Lilia Putri Pratama ◽

Marijam Purwanta ◽

Ema Qurnianingsih

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Blood Agar Plate ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera L

Abstrak. Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) telah dikonsumsi secara luas di seluruh duniadan diketahui memiliki banyak manfaat di bidan kesehatan. Salah satu mafaatnya yaitu sebagai obat terhadap faringitis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes. Terdapat ±517.000 kematian pertahun yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Streptococcus pyogenes dan komplikasinya. Sejauh ini telah banyak studi mengenai manfaat daging kurma, namun manfaat terhadap biji kurma belum banyak diteliti. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek antibakteri ekstrak etanol biji kurma Mesir (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pada Streptococus pyogenes secara in vitro dengan uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) menggunakan metode dilusi serial dan uji Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) dengan inokulasi pada media agar darah. Konsentrasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1428.57 mg/ml, 714,29 mg/ml, 357.14 mg/ml, 178.57 mg/ml, 89.29 mg/ml, 44,64 mg/ml, 22,32 mg/ml, dan 11,16 mg/ml. Dari penelitian tersebut didapatkan bahwa Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) tidak dapat ditentukan dan nilai Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) sebesar 1428.57 mg/ml. Ekstrak etanol biji kurma Mesir (Phoenix dactylifera L.) efektif sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes dengan nilai signifikan 0,002 (p0,05)Kata Kunci: Biji Kurma Mesir, Phoenix dactylifera L., Streptococcus pyogenes, faringitis Abstract. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are widely consumed in various parts of the world and are known to have many benefits in the health sector. One of them is pharyngitis medication caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. There are ±517.000 deaths per year which caused by Streptococcus pyogenes infection and its complication. So far there have been many studies on the benefits of date flesh, but the benefits of the seeds have not been widely studied. The aim of this study is to test the anti-bacterial effect of the ethanol extract of Egyptian Phoenix dactylifera L. seed on Streptococcus pyogenes in vitro by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test using serial dilution method and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) in blood agar plate inoculates. The concentration used in this study are 1428.57 mg/ml, 714,29 mg/ml, 357.14 mg/ml, 178.57 mg/ml, 89.29 mg/ml, 44,64 mg/ml, 22,32 mg/ml, and 11,16 mg/ml. From this study the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) can not be determined and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration is 1428.57 mg/ml. Ethanol extract of Egyptian Phoenix dactylifera L. seed effective as antibacteri against Streptococcus pyogenes with a significant value of 0,002 (p 0,05).Keywords: date palm seeds, Phoenix dactylifera L, Streptococcus pyogenes, pharyngitis.

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Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Aquades Buah Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Varietas Ajwa terhadap Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro

Jurnal Integrasi Kesehatan & Sains ◽

10.29313/jiks.v2i2.5769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lu'lu Ulul Albab ◽

Usep Abdullah Husin ◽

Buti Azfiani Azhali ◽

Titik Respati ◽

Ratna Dewi Indi Astuti

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera L

Penemuan antimikrob menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam pengobatan dan kemajuan medis. Tantangan dalam pengobatan menggunakan antibiotik adalah resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik yang digunakan. Salah satu bakteri yang mengalami resistensi adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Oleh karena itu, diteliti alternatif pengobatan dengan menggunakan tumbuhan yang berpotensi memiliki kemampuan antibakteri. Buah kurma varietas Ajwa telah diteliti memiliki beberapa senyawa aktif yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Kurma Ajwa juga telah disebutkan di dalam Al-Quran dan Al-Hadits. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak akuades buah kurma Ajwa dengan melihat luas zona hambat serta konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dan konsentrasi bunuh minimum (KBM) pada Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental secara in vitro dan bersifat deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode difusi dengan menggunakan sumuran dan metode dilusi padat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Mikrobiologi Poltekkes Bandung. Didapatkan rerata hasil zona hambat adalah 5,87 mm yang termasuk kategori sedang, KHM pada konsentrasi 50%, dan KBM belum dapat ditemukan. Berdasar atas uji statistik, hasil penelitian uji difusi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akuades buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varietas Ajwa berpengaruh menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF EXTRACT AQUADES AJWA DATE (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN VITROThe discovery of antimicrobials has been significantly important for current treatments and the future developments in the medical field. One of the challenges faced in the usage of antibiotics is the resistance imposed by the bacteria towards the antibiotics itself. An example of such bacteria that experiences thisresistance is Staphylococcus aureus. As a result, studies regarding alternatives of treatments, specifically those utilizing various plants that may potentially have antibacterial properties are conducted. Previous studies have already shown that date palms of the Ajwa variety, known as Phoenix dactylifera, contains several active compounds that are potential antioxidants and exhibit antibacterial properties. The Ajwa date palm has also been mentioned in several scriptures of the Al-Quran and Al-Hadits. The objective of this study was to understand the antibacterial properties of aquadest-extracted Phoenix dactylifera through the measurement of the area of the zone of inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Staphylococcus aureus. This study involves the use of an experimental method, known as in vitro, and is also a descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach. The methodology used consists of the well diffusion method and the solid dilution method. This study was conducted at Laboratorium Terpadu Mikrobiologi Poltekkes Bandung. The results of this study show an average zone of inhibition of 5.87 mm which is categorized as medium, a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50%, and a minimum bactericidal concentration that is yet to be found. Based on statistical tests, the result of the diffusion method shows that the aquadest-extracted Phoenix dactylifera is influential in inhibiting the growth of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS L. MERR) EXTRACT AGAINST MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease ◽

10.20473/ijtid.v6i5.4159 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 118 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rahmat Sayyid Zharfan ◽

Priyo Budi Purwono ◽

Arifa Mustika

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Tract Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main cause of nosocomial infection which is responsible for 10% of hospital-acquired infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa tends to mutate and displays potential for development of antibiotic resistance. Approximately, 10% of global bacterial isolates are found as Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa have a quite tremendous severity index, especially on pneumonia and urinary tract infections, even sepsis, which 50% mortality rate. Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) has antimicrobial properties. The active antimicrobial compounds in Ananas comosus L. Merr include saponin and bromelain. This research aims to find the potency of antimicrobial effect of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) extract towards Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa specimen is obtained from patient’s pus in orthopaedic department, Dr Soetomo Public Hospital, Surabaya. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa specimen is resistant to all antibiotic agents except cefoperazone-sulbactam. This research is conducted by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) through dilution test with Mueller-Hinton broth medium. Pineapple extract (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) is dissolved in aquadest, then poured into test tube at varying concentrations (6 g/ml; 3 g/ml; 1.5 g/ml; 0.75 g/ml, 0.375 g/ml; and 0.1875 g/ml). After 24 hours’ incubation, samples are plated onto nutrient agar plate, to determine the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The extract of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) has antimicrobial activities against Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) could not be determined, because turbidity changes were not seen. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of pineapple extract (Ananas comosus L. Merr) to Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 0.75 g/ml. Further study of in vivo is needed.

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In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.04.0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (04) ◽

pp. 4512

Author(s):

Jackie K. Obey ◽

Anthoney Swamy T* ◽

Lasiti Timothy ◽

Makani Rachel

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

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THE EFFECT OF PROPOLIS EXTRACT AND PROPOLIS CANDIES ON THE GROWTH OF AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS ATCC 43718

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s5.23086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Khodijah Khodijah ◽

Ratna Farida ◽

Nurtami Soedarsono

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽

Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Post Exposure ◽

Colony Forming Units

Objective: This experiment aimed to analyze the effect of propolis extract and propolis containing candies on the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using spectrophotometric analysis and colony-forming units (CFU) counts.Methods: After A. actinomycetemcomitans were exposed to propolis extract and candies, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined with spectrophotometry and post-exposure colony counting.Results: The MIC of propolis extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans was determined to be 10%, and the MBC was 20%. A decrease in the total CFU count of A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed after propolis extract and candy exposure.Conclusions: Propolis extract and propolis candies were effective in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 in vitro.

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Physicochemical and antimicrobial assessment of Iranian Propolis gathered in Qazvin province

Functional Foods in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/ffhd.v10i2.689 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Fatemeh Samieerad ◽

Nematollah Gheibi

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Standard Strain ◽

Layer Chromatography

Background: Propolis is one of the useful bee colony products that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In this study, the physicochemical characters and their antibacterial effect of Iranian Propolis collected from Qazvin province was assessed.Methods: In this study, Thin Layer Chromatography and Vacuum Liquid Chromatography to detect different compounds of the extract have been used. In the initial evaluation of Propolis extract, it was found that the extract includes variable compounds with different polarity; so, the initial classification of extract with different polarity solvents was essential. Finally, 0.1 gr hydro alcoholic Propolis was injected to the HPLC by ultrasound. The antibacterial effect of Iranian ethanol extract Propolis was measured using a microdilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strains and the minimum bactericidal and inhibitory concentration were defined.Results: Primary analysis of the ethanol extract by analytical Thin Layer Chromatography, demonstrated the presence of flavonoid and phenol in it. Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration for Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strain was 2.5mg/ml. The same procedure was done for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa standard strain and the Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration were 50mg/ml of Propolis extracts. Conclusion: According to the results, the alcoholic extract of propolis from Qazvin province of Iran provides significant antimicrobial activity. Its powerful activity may be due to high total phenolic and flavonoid contents.Keywords: Iranian propolis, Antibacterial activity, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoid compound

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Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus Venom

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10020281 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 281

Author(s):

Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida ◽

Saudy Consepcion Flores-Aguilar ◽

Liliana Mireya Aguilar-Castro ◽

Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo ◽

Benjamín Valladares-Carranza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Hemolytic Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

The Other ◽

Medical Treatments ◽

First Time

Rattlesnakes have venoms with a complex toxin mixture comprised of polypeptides and proteins. Previous studies have shown that some of these polypeptides are of high value for the development of new medical treatments. The aim of the present study is to evaluate, in vitro, the antibacterial and hemolytic activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms. A direct field search was conducted to obtain Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venom samples. These were evaluated to determine their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the techniques of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Hemolytic activity was also determined. Antibacterial activity was determined for treatments (Crotalus triseriatus 2) CT2 and (Crotalus ravus 3) CR3, obtaining a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of 50 µg/mL and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of 100 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CT1 (Crotalus triseriatus 1), CT2, and CR3 presented hemolytic activity; on the other hand, Crotalus ravus 4 (CR4) did not show hemolytic activity. The results of the present study indicate for the first time that Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms contain some bioactive compounds with bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa which could be used as alternative treatment in diseases caused by this pathogenic bacterium.

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