scholarly journals Peranan Fosfor dalam Meningkatkan Toleransi Tanaman Sorgum terhadap Cekaman Aluminium

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Tri Lestari ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas , ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie ◽  
Dan Didy Sopandie
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Nutrient Culture ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Root Tissues

The management of P nutrition can be a good solution for aluminum toxicity and P nutrient deficiency in acid soil. This study aimed to determine the role of phosphorus in improving the tolerance of sorghum to Al stress in nutrient culture. This research was conducted at green house of IPB Bogor, tissue culture laboratory in the Department of AGH IPB and Balai Besar Pasca Panen Cimanggu Bogor, from January to November 2014. A completely randomized factorial design was used in three experiments. The results revealed that addition of P improved the tolerance of two sorghum genotypes to Al stress as indicated by the reduction in root length inhibition by Al, where  P was more effective in tolerant genotype Numbu. Addition of P reduced the accumulation of Al in the root tissues as shown by the lighter intensity of hematoxylin staining, especially in Numbu. Aluminum stress increased the secretion of oxalate acid in both sorghum genotypes, where P lowered oxalate acid secretion in both genotypes. These facts showed that the role of P in improving the tolerance of sorghum to Al stress might be associated with the inhibition of Al absorption into the root tissues, although the mechanism is not yet known.Keywords: Al stress, organic acid secretion, role of P, root staining method, sorghum

scholarly journals Identifikasi Aksi Gen Epistasis pada Toleransi Kedelai terhadap Cekaman Aluminium

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvita Netti Sihaloho ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas . ◽  
Didy Sopandie ◽  
Desta Wirnas
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Nutrient Culture ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The University

The efectiveness of selection depends on the gene action cotrolling the character.  The presence of epistatic gene action will delay the genetic gain in self pollinated crops like soybean. The objective of this research was to obtain information on genetic control of soybean tolerance to aluminum toxicity on nutrient culture. This research was conducted at green house of  the University Farm IPB Cikabayan, Bogor, from April to June 2013. This research used 120 seedlings of F2 population  generated from  crossing between Argomulyo (Al-sensitive) with Tanggamus (Al-tolerant). Seedlings were grown in nutrient culture for 14 days with Al concentration of 1.5 mM and pH 4.0, to observe the vegetative growth under aluminum stress condition. The result showed that mean of roots length, shoot length, shoot to root ratio, wet and dry weight of root and shoot exceeded  both parents mean value with moderate to high heritability. All observed characters had continue distribution pattern, and controlled by many genes. Duplicate epistasis additive gene action controlled only root length while other characters were controlled by complementary epistasis gene action.<br />Keywords: gene action, heritability, nutrient culture, selection, tocixity

scholarly journals Karakter Root Re-Growth Sebagai Parameter Toleransi Aluminium pada Tanaman Padi

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Dewi Indriyani Roslim ◽  
Miftahudin Miftahudin ◽  
Utut Suharsono ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽  
Alex Hartana
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Nutrient Culture ◽  
Plant Breeding Program

Aluminum (Al) is one of the major limited factors in crop production on acid soils. Aluminum tolerant plants can beselected from plant breeding program by one of the physiological parameters representing Al tolerance character,such as root re-growth capability during recovery from the Al-stress. In this study we determined the concentrationand time exposure of Al stress that was able to differentiate the response of three local upland rice varieties(Grogol, Hawarabunar and Krowal) and an Al-sensitive rice variety (IR64) to Al-stress, and evaluated the effectivenessof root re-growth (RRG) characters as an Al tolerance parameter in rice. The study consisted of three experiments,which were 1) nutrient culture experiment with different Al concentration treatments in growth chamber, 2) potexperiment in greenhouse using Jasinga yellow red podzolic acid soil containing 26,66 me/100 g Al and pH 4,6 asplanting media, and 3) phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character. The results showed that Al treatment at15 ppm for 72 h was able to distinctly differentiate between Al-tolerant (Grogol and Hawarabunar) and Al-sensitivevarieties (Krowal and IR64). Planting of the rice varieties on acid soils showed similar result as that of the nutrientculture. Phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character indicated the existence of RRG value variation. Thesevariations demonstrated that RRG character can be used as an Al tolerance parameter in rice and therefore can beeffectively applied to screen rice F2 population that segregate to Al tolerance character.

Acid soil damage in sorghum genotypes: Role of magnesium deficiency and root impairment

1992 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezheng Tan ◽  
Willem G. Keltjens ◽  
Günter R. Findenegg
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

scholarly journals The tolerance of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to Al stress is enhanced by citric acid and natural peat water

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Nur Hidayah ◽  
Sudirman Yahya ◽  
Didy Sopandie
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Nutrient Culture ◽  
Exogenous Compounds

Abstract. Hidayah AN, Yahya S, Sopandie D. 2020. The tolerance of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to Al stress is enhanced by citric acid and natural peat water. Biodiversitas 21: 4850-4858. Management technology on soil containing high levels of Aluminum (Al) toxicity is still needed to be developed so that the growth and development of plants will be optimum. The aims of the research were to investigate the response of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) toward aluminum stress, and to evaluate the effects of several exogenous compounds to improve the tolerance of oil palm. The research was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019 at PT Gunung Sejahtera Ibu Pertiwi, Central Kalimantan. This research consisted of two nutrient culture experiments, namely: Al toxicity on oil palms seedlings and the role of various exogenous compounds to improve plant tolerances. The results revealed that the solution at concentrations of 400 μM, 800 μM, and 1600 μM of Al significantly inhibited root growth, increased MDA levels, decreased the photosynthesis rate, activity of CAT and APX. Therefore, a solution at concentration of 400 μM of Al can be used as the selection level of Al tolerant oil palm varieties on nutrient culture. Ethephon at concentrations of 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm inhibited root and shoot growth, increased MDA levels but reduced the photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, APX, and CAT activity. Addition of 25 ppm and 50 ppm of citric acid, 200 ppm and 300 ppm of peat water significantly increased root length, root dry weight, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, CAT, and APX activities as MDA levels decreased. Addition of citric acid and peat water enabled seedlings of oil palm to improve their tolerance to Al stress on nutrient culture.  

scholarly journals Functional Role of Protein Kinase B/Akt in Gastric Acid Secretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 276 (49) ◽  
pp. 46436-46444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Todisco ◽  
Nonthalee Pausawasdi ◽  
Saravanan Ramamoorthy ◽  
John Del Valle ◽  
Rebecca W. Van Dyke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Protein Kinase B

scholarly journals The role of γ-aminobutyric acid in aluminum stress tolerance in a woody plant, Liriodendron chinense × tulipifera

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengkai Wang ◽  
Yini Dong ◽  
Liming Zhu ◽  
Zhaodong Hao ◽  
LingFeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination ◽  
Liriodendron Chinense

AbstractThe aluminum (Al) cation Al3+ in acidic soil shows severe rhizotoxicity that inhibits plant growth and development. Most woody plants adapted to acidic soils have evolved specific strategies against Al3+ toxicity, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The four-carbon amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been well studied in mammals as an inhibitory neurotransmitter; GABA also controls many physiological responses during environmental or biotic stress. The woody plant hybrid Liriodendron (L. chinense × tulipifera) is widely cultivated in China as a horticultural tree and provides high-quality timber; studying its adaptation to high Al stress is important for harnessing its ecological and economic potential. Here, we performed quantitative iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) to study how protein expression is altered in hybrid Liriodendron leaves subjected to Al stress. Hybrid Liriodendron shows differential accumulation of several proteins related to cell wall biosynthesis, sugar and proline metabolism, antioxidant activity, cell autophagy, protein ubiquitination degradation, and anion transport in response to Al damage. We observed that Al stress upregulated glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and its activity, leading to increased GABA biosynthesis. Additional GABA synergistically increased Al-induced antioxidant enzyme activity to efficiently scavenge ROS, enhanced proline biosynthesis, and upregulated the expression of MATE1/2, which subsequently promoted the efflux of citrate for chelation of Al3+. We also showed similar effects of GABA on enhanced Al3+ tolerance in Arabidopsis. Thus, our findings suggest a function of GABA signaling in enhancing hybrid Liriodendron tolerance to Al stress through promoting organic acid transport and sustaining the cellular redox and osmotic balance.

The Importance of Iron To Support Optimum Cognitive Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Rini Sekartini
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The fetal brain anatomy development starts during the last trimester of pregnancy and continue in early months of life. This critical process makes it vulnerable to insufficient nutrition, while brain growth continues into adulthood, micronutrient status can affect functioning beyond childhood. Iron is an important nutrient for the production and growth of cells in the immune and neural systems. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world, affecting about half of all pregnant women and their offspring. Iron deficiency anemia has long been believed to have an effect on the central nervous system. Iron deficiency in late trimester and in newborn leads to abnormal cognitive function and emotional control that may continue in adulthood. In summary, despite some evidence that iron supplementation enhances cognitive performance. Evidence of the role of iron in brain development and the effect of iron deficiency or iron supplementation on early development is uncertain.

50 - Reflux Esophagitis after Helicobacter Pylori Eradication: The Role of Gastric Acid Secretion

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-17
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Mario ◽  
Serena Scida ◽  
Marilisa Franceschi ◽  
Chiara Miraglia ◽  
Kryssia Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication
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