scholarly journals Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Bakteri Bacillus sp. Endofit untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
Fifi Puspita ◽  
Sukemi Indra Saputra ◽  
Dan Jenny Merini

Development of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) requires high-quality seeds. Adding growth substance from Bacillus sp. endophytes is expected to increase the growth of cocoa seedlings. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the ability of Bacillus sp. endophytes to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) hormone, evaluate the effects of Bacillus sp. endophytes application on growth of cocoa seedling, and obtain the best concentration to increase growth of cocoa seedling. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and in the field from June to October 2015. The study was conducted in two stages: in vitro and in vivo.The first experiment tested the ability of Bacillus sp. endophytes to produce IAA using tryptophan enriched picovskaya liquid medium and non-enriched tryptophan. The results from the first experiment showed that all Bacillus sp. endophytes produce IAA hormones. The second experiment tested the concentrations of Bacillus sp. endophytes to improve the growth of cocoa seedlings. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications, i.e., without treatment of Bacillus sp., and concentrations of 1011, 1012, 1013, and 1014 cfu/mL. The parameters observed were the number of bacterial colonies of Bacillus sp. endophytes, cocoa seed height, stem diameter, number of leaves and planting area of 4 month cocoa seedlings. The results from the second experiment showed that all concentrations of Bacillus sp. endophytes increase the growth of cocoa seedlings. The concentration of 1011 cfu/mL produced more colony in planting medium, increased height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area in cocoa seedlings.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Redho Anggara Nubriama ◽  
Erwin Pane ◽  
Sumihar Hutapea

Cacao is one of the predominant plantation in Indonesia so that the production should be improved constantly. The purpose of this researce was to obtain data on the growth of cacao seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) by applying rabbit cage liquid organic fertilizer and composting baglog waste with different doses. This research was carried out at the Medan Area faculty of agriculture experiment area located on the street PBSI No.1 Medan Estate. The research was conducted  from  July to  November  2018.  Using  Factorial  Randomized  Group Desing (RGD) with two replications. The first factor tested was rabbit cage liquid organic fertilizer namely U0= without POC, U1= consentration 5% (50 ml POC/liter), U2= consentration 10% (100 ml POC/liter), U3= consentration 15% (150 ml POC/liter). The second   factor is baglog waste compost which is L0= without compost baglog waste, L1= 20% baglog compost waste (600g) + 80% top soil (2.400g), L2= 40% baglog compost waste (1.200g) + 60% top soil (1.800g), L3= 60% baglog compost waste (1.800g) + 40% top soil (1.200g). The results showed that administration of baglog waste compost can increase growth ( plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and canopy wet weight) of cocoa seedlings


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imanuel Jhon Hansen

The aim of research to determine the effect of compost main pod husks and dolomite as well as their interaction on the growth of cocoa seedlings in media ultisol. Research conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau from November 2015 until February 2016. Research in the form of factorial experiment using completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor pod husks compost comprises four levels (0, 75, 100 and 125 g / polybag) and the second factor dolomite consists of three levels (0, 10, and 20 g / polybag), each combination treatment was repeated 3 times. Parameters measured were plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, and leaf area. Each parameter the observed data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and test of Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level. The results showed the effect of compost pod husks dose of 125 g / polybag significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area while dolomite dose of 20 g / polybag no real effect except leaf area compared with no treatment. Interaction pod husks compost dose of 100 g / polybag and dolomite dose of 20 g / polybag increase stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area significantly compared without compost pod husks and dolomite but less tangible than other combinations.


AGRICA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Yovita Yasintha Bolly ◽  
Yuyun Wahyuni

The use of mycorrhizal biofertilizers in shoot grafting cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) nurseries is one of the efforts made to increase cocoa growth in Sikka Regency. This study aims to determine the effect of the dose of mycorrhizal biological fertilizer on the growth of cocoa seedlings. The study used a randomized block design (RAK) with fertilizer doses of 0 g/polybag (control), 10 g/polybag, 20 g/polybag, 30 g/polybag, 40 g/polybag 50 g/polybag. The results showed that the treatment the addition of mycorrhizae on shoot grafting cocoa seedlings had no effect on all growth variables observed at 30 days after mycorrhizal application and significantly affected all growth variables for cacao seedlings aged 60 days after mycorrhizal application. Giving mycorrhizae to shoot grafting cocoa seedlings at a dose of 50 g/polybag (M5) gave the highest yield for all growth variables of cocoa seedlings aged 60 days after mycorrhizal application, namely plant height 48.50 cm, stem diameter 1.10 cm, and number of leaves 8 ,25 strands.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Lukman

The agricultural sector is the largest contributor of organic waste that can be recycled as useful things, among others, used as organic fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of agricultural waste organic compost on the growth of Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.) plants. The analysis results of the materials to be applied are N-total: 0.27% P2O5: 3.20%, K2O: 1.63%, and C-Organic: 17.40%, then the research data were analyzed using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) which consists of 6 levels of treatment, namely: C0 = no fertilizer, C1 = soil + 20 g compost polybag-1, C2 = soil + compost 40 g. polybag-1, C3 = soil + compost 60 g. polybag-1, C4 = soil + compost 80 g. polybag-1, C5 = Soil + compost 100 g. polybag-1. Each experiment was repeated three times, so there were 90 experimental units. Observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The results showed that, giving 100 g of organic waste compost polybag-1 gave better results on the growth of cacao seedlings, with a plant height of 29.61 cm, number of leaves 11.73 strands, and stem diameter of 3.38 mm. From this research, it can be concluded that it will produce better results if organic waste is managed properly.


Author(s):  
Sulistyani Pancaningtyas

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) development using modern breeding techniques can be facilitated by propagation of planting material through somatic embryogenesis. Various factors that may affect embryogenesis are the composition of culture medium and culture condition. Hormone commonly used to initiate the formation of callus is auxin with type 2.4-D (2.4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of 2.4 -D hormoneson the process of cocoa embryogenesis. The treatments were arragged in factorial combination in completely randomized design, which consisted of two factors. Thefirst factor was the concentration of auxin 2,4-D 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %; and the second factor was cocoa clones; Sulawesi 01 and Sulawesi 02. The resultshowed that the addition of 2.4-D hormone up to 100% on somatic embryogenesis of cocoa for Sulawesi 01 clone was not significantly different from Sulawesi 02 clone for all parameters. While on the addition of 2.4-D, there was significant difference between Sulawesi 01 and 02. Cocoa embryogenic callus using the addition of 2.4-D (25%-100%) was significantly different from control. Increased concentrations of 2,4-D hormone which is applied onto media would inhibit the formation of the somatic embryo. Addition of 2.4 D 25%, encouraged towards non-embryogenic callus. Keywords: 2.4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, embryogenic callus, somatic embryos, cocoa, medium culture, hormone


Nabatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Tri Widiyanti ◽  
Agus Miftakhurrohmat

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of giberrelin (GA3) storage durationand treatment on the viability of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seeds carried out at theLaboratory of Indonesian Center for Seedling and Plant Protection (BBPPTP) Surabayaon Mojoagung No. No. 52, Mojoagung Subdistrict, Jombang Regency in February toApril 2014. This study used a completely randomized design with factorial patterns with2 factors. The first factor is the storage time which consists of 4 stages P1 (7 days ofnatural storage of seeds), P2 (14 days of storage of natural seeds), P3 (22 days of storageof natural seeds), and P4 (29 days of storage of natural seeds). The second factor isinvigoration treatment which consists of 3 types without treatment (I0), GA3 10 ppm(I1), GA3 20 ppm (I2). The results showed a significant interaction between storage timeand invigoration treatment of plant height and germination capacity, storage durationtreatment affected the variable number of leaves, 7 days storage time (P1) produced theaverage number of leaves (3.75 strands) even though the result is the same as the storageperiod of 14 days (P2). While the invigoration treatment had no effect on the observationvariable of the number of leaves.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1695-1700
Author(s):  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽  
Valeria Pancieri Sallin ◽  
...  

The study aimed to evaluate the growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings under different irrigation depths and cultivation container sizes. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (4x3), where the first factor consisted of the application of four different irrigation depths (6, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1) and the second one was composed of three different cultivation containers (small, medium and large). Twelve treatments were evaluated with eight repetitions, totaling 96 plants in the experimental field. At 74 days after sowing, the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's quality index of all seedlings were analyzed. The 10.32 mm d-1 irrigation depth and the medium and large cultivation containers provided the highest quality in seedling production, being the most suitable ones. However, there was no interaction between the factors


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ivan Wahyudi ◽  
Mahdalena Mahdalena ◽  
Hamidah Hamidah

The Effect of Green Tonic Fertilizer and Pearl NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Forestero Cocoa Plant Seeds (Theobroma cacao L) The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Green Tonic, NPK Mutiara and the extraction of Green Tonic and NPK Mutiara on cocoa seedling growth. This research was carried out at Gunung Panjang Samarinda Seberang East Borneo. with a time of ± 3 months, starting from April to July 2016. The design of the study used factorial randomized block design (RCBD) 4 x 4 with a number of replications 3 times, with factorial analysis. The treatment consists of 2 factors. The first factor is the administration of POC Green Tonic consisting of 4 levels, namely: p0: Without treatment, p1: 2 ml / 1 Liter of Green Tonic Concentration, p2: 3 ml / 1 Liter of Water Tonic Concentration, p3: 4 ml Green Tonic Concentration / 1 Liter of Water, The second factor was the administration of NPK Mutiara consisting of 4 levels, namely: v0: Without treatment, v1: Giving NPK Mutiara Fertilizer 50 grams / polybag, v2: Giving NPK Mutiara Fertilizer 100 grams / polybag, v3: Giving NPK Fertilizer Pearl 150 grams / polybag. From the analysis of variance showed that the effect of giving green tonic liquid organic fertilizer (P) was the best on the parameters of stem diameter of 30 DAP and 60 DAP of cocoa plants achieved by the treatment of p3 (4 ml / 1 Liter of Water Green Tonic Concentration), NPK Mutiara fertilizer (V) the best in the parameters of plant height 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, stem diameter 30 DAP and 90 DAP, number of leaf 60 DAP, leaf area 30 DAP cocoa plants achieved by v3 (Giving NPK Pearl Fertilizer 150 gram / polybag) while for stem diameter 60 DAP, number of leaves 30 DAP achieved by v1 (Giving NPK Mutiara Fertilizer 50 g / polybag), for the number of leaves 90 DAP, the area of Leaves 60 DAP and 90 DAP achieved by v2 (Giving NPK Pearl Fertilizer 100 g / polybag), The best interaction of POC green tonic and NPK pearl (PV) fertilizer on stem diameter parameters 30 DAP and 60 DAP, number of leaves of 90 DAP, leaf area of 60 DAP and 90 DAP was achieved by p3v2 (4 ml / 1 Liter Water + Green Tonic Concentration Pearl NPK fertilizer 100 grams / polybag. The difference for 30 HST leaf area is achieved by p1v3 (2 Ton / 1 Liter Water + Green Tonic Concentration + 150 gram Pearl NPK Fertilizer / polybag). 


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Datul Fadillah ◽  
Trisda Kurniawan ◽  
Erida Nurahmi

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan media tanam dan beberapa konsentrasi mikroorganisme lokal terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Penelitian ini dilaksanakaan di Kebun Percobaan 2 dan Labaratorium Hortikultura, Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh dari bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 4 dan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 48 satuan percobaan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata  Jujur taraf 5% pada hasil uji F yang signifikan. Faktor pertama adalah perbandingan media tanam dengan 4 taraf yaitu: kontrol-2 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang (M0), 2 tanah : pupuk kandang : 1 sekam bakar (M1), 1 tanah : 2 pupuk kandang : 1 sekam bakar (M2), 1 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang : 2 sekam bakar (M3). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi mol bonggol pisang dengan 4 taraf yaitu 0, 10%, 20% dan 30% L-1 air. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi bibit, diameter pangkal batang, jumlah daun, berat berangkasan basah dan berat berangkasan kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perlakuan perbandingan media tanam berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter. Pemberian beberapa konsentrasi mikroorganisme lokal berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun bibit kakao umur 8 MST dan berpengaruh sangat nyata pada jumlah daun bibit kakao umur 12 MST. Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan media tanam M0 dan konsentrasi mol 20% (M2).The Effect of Plant Medium and Local Microorganism Banana Tuber on the Growth of Cocoa Seedling (Theobroma cacao L)Abstract. The purposes of this research were to know the effect of comparison media planting and several concentrations of local microorganism on the growth of cocoa seedlings. This research was conducted at Experimental Garden 2 and Horticulture Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from July to October 2018. This study used a Randomize Block Design of 4 x 4 factorial pattern with 3 replication, so that were 48 experimental units and continued with a Honestly Significance Difference 5% level on significant F test result. The first factor is the comparison medium planting of 4 levels : control- 2 soil : 1 manure (M0), 2 soil : 1 manure : 1 hueks fuel (M1), 1 soil : 2 manure : 1 hueks fuel (M2) and 1 soil : 1 manure : 2 hueks fuel (M3). The second factor is the concentration of local microorganism of 4 levels: 0 (P0), 10% (P1), 20% (P2) and 30% (P3) L-1 water. Parameters observed were plant height, stem base diameter, number of leaves, wet weight and dry weight. The result showed that the treatment of comparison planting medium had unsignificantly effect on all parameters. Consentrations of local microorganinism has a significant effect on the number of leaves of cocoa seedlings aged 8 WAP and has a very significantly effect on the number of leaves cocoa seedlings aged 12 WAP. There is significantly effect between the treatment of comparison planting medium control-2 tanah : 1 pupuk kandang (M0), and local microorganism concentrations 20% (P2).


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Ricka Rizkiana ◽  
Tjut Chamzurni ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lokasi sumber isolat rizobakteri terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dari bulan September sampai November 2018, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap non faktorial. Faktor yang diamati yaitu jumlah isolat rizobakteri yang berpotensi dalam mengahambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao dari dua lokasi pengambilan yang berbeda yaitu dari Tripa dan Gleumpang Minyeuk dengan 3 kali ulangan pada tiap perlakuan yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur pada taraf 5% pada hasil uji F yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pengambilan rizobakteri dari dua lokasi yang berbeda berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao, yang dijumpai pada perlakuan isolat rizobakteri GM 8/2 dengan daya hambat 58,23% dan GM 8/3 dengan daya hambat 51,59% dengan aktifitas penghambat sedang. Juga berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap laju penghambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao yang dijumpai pada perlakuan isolat rizobakteri TRI 4/7 dengan rerata laju penghambatan 4,76 mm/hari. Isolat rizobakteri yang mampu dalam melarutkan fosfat dijumpai pada perlakuan TRI 3/11, TRI 4/6, TRI 6/14, TRI 7/4, TRI 8/2, TRI 8/4, TRI 8/8, TRI 8/9, GM 3/6, GM 5/6, GM 6/1, GM 6/5, GM 7,/9, GM 8/3, GM 8/8 dan GM 8/11. The Effect Of Source Rizobacteria On The Inhibitory Power Of Growth Colony (Phytophthora palmivora) Pathogens Causes Of In Vitro Rotten Cocoa Fruit (Theobroma cacao L.)  Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of the location sources of rhizobacterial isolates on the inhibitory power of growth of pathogens causing cocoa fruit rot by in vitro method. This research was carried out at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of the Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University Banda Aceh from September to November 2018, used a non factorial Completely Randomized Design. The factors observed were the number of rhizobacterial isolates which had the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogens causing cacao fruit rot from two different locations, namely Tripa and Gleumpang Minyeuk with 3 Repeat times for each treatment were followed by an Honest Real Difference Test at the level of 5% on a significant F test result. The results of this study indicate rhizobacterial uptake from two different locations had a very significant effect on the growth inhibitory power of cacao rotten pathogenic colonies, which was found in the treatment of GM 8/2 rhizobacterial isolates with inhibition of 58.23% and GM 8/3 with inhibitory power 51.59% with moderate inhibiting activities. It also has a very significant effect on the rate of growth of the inhibitor of cacao rotten fruit pathogens found in the treatment of TRI 4/7 rhizobacterial isolates with an average inhibition rate of 4.76 mm / day. Rhizobacterial isolates capable of dissolving phosphate were found in the treatment of TRI 3/11, TRI 4/6, TRI 6/14, TRI 7/4, TRI 8/2, TRI 8/4, TRI 8/8, TRI 8/9, GM 3/6, GM 5/6, GM 6/1, GM 6/5, GM 7, 9, GM 8/3, GM 8/8 and GM 8/11.


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