scholarly journals Karakter Percabangan Malai Genotipe Padi Sawah pada Berbagai Level Dosis Fosfor

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Tri Hastini ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Dan Aswidinnoor Hajrial
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Poor Soil

Yield grain of rice was determined by genetical and environmental factors, one of them was genetic response on levelof phosphorus. Rice panicle branching was one of the key factors on supporting rice yield. The study aimed to find out ricepanicle branching responses to phosphorus. Controlled experiment was conducted on September 2017 - February 2018, usingtwo genotypes planted on poor soil media and six levels of phosphorus as treatments, arranged in completely randomizeddesign. Panicle branching characters were observed on the experiment. The experiment showed the genotype’s effects atall panicle branching except number of tertiary branches and number of grains on tertiary branches. Phosphorus affectedpanicle branching except panicle length, primary branch length, and number of grain on tertiary branches. Genotype andphosphorus interaction appeared at all panicle branching except number of primary branch, number of tertiary branches,number of grains on tertiary branches, and the percentage of grains number on tertiary branches. The panicle of genotypeIPB180-12 was likely more stabil to the various levels of phosphorus, meanwhile the panicle of genotype IPB158-5 moresensitive. According to the polynomial regression evaluation, the optimum level of P2O5 for the sensitive genotype was 421.92kg ha-1, and for the tolerant genotype was 108 kg ha-1 in poor soil.

scholarly journals Morphological and reproductive characterization of developed mutants in groundnut

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
M. M. A. Mondal ◽  
M. S. H. Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Varietal Identification ◽  
Distinct Character ◽  
Mutant Lines

Twenty-eight established groundnut mutants and two check cultivars were studied during Kharif-I (March-June) season of 2017 and 2018 to find out their variability and distinct character(s) as identifying keys. All the mutant lines showed erect type sequential branching habits with two seeds in each pod although they had shown significant variability in all vegetative and reproductive structures. According to cluster analysis, 30 mutants/varieties clustered into three major groups at distance level 60 based on the morphological variability of 14 characters. The variability of 14 morphological characters in three principal components was explained by 98.12% of the total variation. The characters, 100-pod weight had the highest contribution followed by branch length, plant height and 100-kernel weight. Twenty-three mutant genotypes grouped into intermediate type of the extremes in any given identifying key characteristics. Only single genotype of the whole lot showed distinctively the longest primary branch and highest secondary branch number and small seed size (D1/24-29), highest primary branch number (M6/7-25), lowest primary branch number (Mut-2), highest leaflet length and light green leaf colour (Dhaka-1), presence of stem pigmentation and pod beak and highest number of seeds pod-1 (Zhingabadam), leaflet shape lanceolate (M6/54-20). In contrast, only two mutants of the lot showed two buds raceme-1 (M6/36-24 and M6/61-6), bolder pod and seed size and highly constricted pod (Mut-2 and Mut-3). The genotypes with the above distinguished characteristic featured for being ideal genetic markers and could be used in future breeding applications as well as aids in varietal identification.  

scholarly journals Genetic analysis for panicle characters in diallel cross of rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
KM Iftekharuddaula ◽  
MA Newaz ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
Khaleda Akter
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Secondary Branch ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Dominant Genes

An experiment was carried out to study the genetic components for eight panicle characters in rice using an 8-parent half diallel cross excluding reciprocals during Transplant Aman season, 2003. The parental genotypes used in the study were BRRI dhan29, BR4828-54-4-l-4-9, BRR1 dhan28, 1R8, Amol3, 1R65610-38-2-4-2-6-3, Minikit and ZhongYu7, which were chosen for their diversity in panicle characters. Hayman's analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components for all the panicle characters except dominance component for filled grains/secondary branches. The ANOVA showed unidirectional dominance for the characters viz, primary branch length, secondary branch length, primary branches/panicle, secondary branches/panicle and filled grains/primary branch, asymmetrical gene distribution for all the panicle traits except filled grains/secondary branch and residual dominance effects for all the panicle characters studied. Two out of eight panicle characters viz., primary branches/panicle and unfilled grains/ secondary branch followed the simple additive-dominance genetic model. The rest of the panicle characters showed nonallelic gene interaction or epistasis. According to Vr-Wr graph, partial dominance was involved in the action of genes governing the inheritance of primary branches/panicle, while complete dominance was involved in the inheritance of unfilled grains/secondary branch. Most of the dominant genes for primary branches/panicle belonged to other hand, 1R8 possessed most of the dominant genes, while 1R65610-38-2-4-2-6-3 possessed most of the recessive genes for unfilled grains/secondary branch. The estimates of components of variance demonstrated involvement of both additive and dominant components in the inheritance of primary branches/panicle and unfilled grains/secondary branch. The distribution of dominant and recessive genes was unequal in the parents for these two characters also. There was drastic influence of environment on these two panicle characters following simple additive-dominance genetic model. Heritability in narrow sense (h2 ns) was very high for primary branches/panicle and unfilled grains/secondary branch. Key Words: Genetic analysis, diallel cross, panicle characters, rice. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2307 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 631-638, December 2008

scholarly journals A Review of Key Factors That Affect University Building Maintenance Costs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.25) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Prescilla Palis ◽  
Mohd Saidin Misnan
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Level ◽  
University Management ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Education Hub ◽  
University Buildings ◽  
The University

As Malaysia continues to focus its efforts on becoming an education hub, universities are vital places where learning processes, teaching and research activities are conducted. A university is a factor of production in producing graduates, and the university buildings are considered to be assets and resources. Hence, to prolong a university building lifecycle to ensure all university activities continue performing at an optimum level, building maintenance management is vital. Despite the fact that several previous studies have been conducted in this area, there continues to be maintenance issues surrounding university buildings. The maintenance of university buildings has always been viewed as an insignificant activity. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to critically review key factors that affected maintenance costs of university buildings, and consequently propose different approaches to resolve this issue. The present paper reviewed related literature from previous studies and publications. As a result of the comprehensive review, it was identified that key factors that affected university building maintenance costs were fund allocations allocated by university management teams for maintenance departments, user behaviours, environmental factors, university design complexities and the quality of components and materials of university buildings. Each factor identified was critically examined and addressed to ensure that university buildings would be well-maintained.  

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ATRINAL SPRAY ON BRANCHING AND GROWTH OF CHRYSANTHEMUM `FORTUNE'.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1100c-1100
Author(s):  
Hurriah H. Al-Juboory
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Branch Number

Three node stem cuttings of Chrysanthemum `Fortune' were sprayed with Atrinal, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, to incipient runoff under greenhouse conditions. The results demonstrated that with higher levels of Atrinal, branch number, branch length, plant height, and flower number decreased in both unpinched and pinched plants. At the same time, the dry weight of both pinched and unpinched plants increased. Applications of Atrinal, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm, lengthened the number of days to flower by 40 days.

scholarly journals Effects of different substrates on growth and yield of Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr. under organic-oriented farming

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Duong T. T. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Peanut Shells ◽  
Coir Dust ◽  
Coconut Coir

Using agricultural wastes to produce organic substrates for organic vegetable cultivation is one of the most eco-friendly practices to reduce environmental pollution caused by these wastes. The objective of this study was to determine the best substrate formulation for growth and yield of Limnophila rugosa under organic-oriented farming. A single factor experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with seven substrate formulations and three replications. Seven types of substrates were designated based on the composed materials of coconut coir dust, vermicompost, rice husk ash, rice husk, peanut shells. The results showed that the mixed substrates of 10% vermicompost + 60% coconut coir dust + 30% peanut shells led to optimum crop performance and highest yield. Particularly at the third harvesting time, Limnophila rugosa performed the highest number of branches (24.3 branches/plant), branch length (14.9 cm/branch), number of pairs of leaves (5.7 pairs of leaves/branch), leaf chlorophyll content (40.3 SPAD value), plant fresh weight (70.6 g/plant), total theoretical yield (7,133.6 kg/1,000 m2), total absolute yield (5,487.3 kg/1,000 m2) and total commercial yield (4,891.8 kg/1,000m2).

scholarly journals Low Water Productivity for Rice in Bihar, India—A Critical Analysis

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omaid Najmuddin ◽  
Golam Rasul ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
David Molden ◽  
Shahriar Wahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Rice Water

Rice is the most important crop for food security and livelihoods of the rural population in Bihar, India. In spite of good soil and water resources, rice water productivity (WP) is very low in Bihar. Trends in WP and key factors influencing WP over 20 years (1991–2010) in 11 Bihar districts were analysed using panel data to help elucidate reasons for low WP values. The annual average rice yield of 938 kg/ha, WP of 0.22 kg/m3, and marginal physical productivity (MPP) of 249 g/m3 are very low in Bihar compared to both the national average for India and other rice growing areas in the world. Rice WP and MPP were higher for the garma (dry) season than for the kharif (monsoon) season. Temporal analysis showed that WP was slowly declining in most districts, while spatial analysis showed a significant variation in WP across the districts. Regression analysis showed that the availability of irrigation facilities, occurrence of flood and drought, and cropping intensity had significant influence on rice WP. Causes for temporal and spatial changes in WP are highlighted and actions to improve rice WP in Bihar are suggested.

Single-Phase Inflow Performance Relationship for Horizontal, Pinnate-Branch Horizontal, and Radial-Branch Wells

SPE Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqing Liu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Finite Conductivity ◽  
Nonlinearity Coefficient ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Relative Roughness ◽  
Inflow Performance

Summary Horizontal and multibranch wells are likely to become the major means of modern exploitation strategies; inflow performances for these wells are needed. Because this paper considers the finite conductivity of a horizontal well, it establishes the inflow performance relationships (IPRs) for different branch configurations of horizontal wells. We find that the IPR of a horizontal well presents nonlinear characteristics and is similar to Vogel's equation, which has been used extensively and successfully for analyzing the IPR of a vertical well in a solution-gas-drive reservoir. Instead of the effect of a two-phase (oil and gas) flow in a reservoir described by Vogel's equation, the nonlinear characteristics of horizontal wells are mainly the result of pressure drops caused by friction, acceleration, and gravity along the horizontal wellbore. The nonlinearity coefficient presents the pressure drop along the major branch, and it is a function of major-wellbore length, major-wellbore diameter, oil viscosity, and relative roughness. Then, the horizontal-well IPR is used to study the performance of the pinnate-branch horizontal well and the radial-branch (horizontal lateral) well. The branch number, branch length, major-wellbore length, major-wellbore diameter, oil viscosity, and relative roughness are combined into grouped parameters to present the effect on the deliverability incremental ratio JH and the nonlinearity coefficient ratio Rv of the pinnate-branch horizontal well to the conventional horizontal well, which show regression relationships with the grouped parameters for pinnate-branch horizontal wells. In addition, another binomial relationship between the deliverability incremental ratio JV and the grouped parameter combined by branch number, branch length, and equivalent oil drainage diameter is obtained for radial-branch (horizontal lateral) wells. The new IPR also covers conventional horizontal wells and vertical wells (with no branch) because the deliverability incremental ratios JH and JV in both cases are unity. The IPR is very valuable for calculating the productivity of horizontal wells, pinnate-branch horizontal wells, and radial-branch wells.

Design and Optimize the Branch Pattern of Herringbone Well

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Zhen Yu Liu ◽  
Hai Tao Yang ◽  
Hong Liang Chen ◽  
Dong Sheng Yang ◽  
Hu Zhen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Branch Length ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Branch Angle ◽  
Well Development ◽  
Effect Parameter

This article analyzes the influence of different branch number, branch length, branch angle on the productivity of the herringbone well. It also summarizes the strongest influence parameters and the weakest influence parameters. Provide theoretical guidance for the formulation of herringbone well development plan. The results show that the maximum effect parameter is branch length, then branch number and branch angle the weakest.

scholarly journals Characterization of microvascular tortuosity in retinal vein occlusion utilizing optical coherence tomography angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungwoo Lee ◽  
Myung Ae Kim ◽  
Hyung Chan Kim ◽  
Hyewon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Abstract We investigated the characteristics of microvessel tortuosity in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and their associations with visual outcomes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Thirty-four BRVO and 21 CRVO patients and 31 healthy subjects were included. From OCTA, the branch number (BN), mean branch length (BL), mean Euclidean length (EL), vessel density (VD) and vessel tortuosity (VT) were quantified. In BRVO eyes, compared with that in the controls, the affected area of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) showed a decreased BN and VD, an increased BL, and unchanged VT. The nonaffected area of the DCP showed decreases in BN, VD and VT. The affected area of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) showed higher VT. In CRVO eyes, the DCP showed a lower BN, VD and VT, while the SCP showed a lower BN and greater BL and EL. Improved visual acuity (VA) after 1 year in BRVO eyes was associated with decreases in BN, BL, VD and VT in the affected area in the DCP and lower VT in the nonaffected area of the SCP; in CRVO eyes, improved VA was associated with a higher BL and EL in the DCP. VT, BL, and EL may be new microvascular markers associated with changes in VA in BRVO and CRVO.

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