EFFECTS OF ATRINAL SPRAY ON BRANCHING AND GROWTH OF CHRYSANTHEMUM `FORTUNE'.

Three node stem cuttings of Chrysanthemum `Fortune' were sprayed with Atrinal, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, to incipient runoff under greenhouse conditions. The results demonstrated that with higher levels of Atrinal, branch number, branch length, plant height, and flower number decreased in both unpinched and pinched plants. At the same time, the dry weight of both pinched and unpinched plants increased. Applications of Atrinal, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm, lengthened the number of days to flower by 40 days.

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Timing and Rates of Two Products Using Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) to Control Algae in Ebb and Flow Hydroponic Systems

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci16193-21 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

Dharti Thakulla ◽

Bruce L. Dunn ◽

Carla Goad ◽

Bizhen Hu

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Pepper Plant ◽

Flower Number ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Hydroponic Systems ◽

Weekly Application ◽

Ebb And Flow

Algae is not desirable in hydroponics and creates problems such as reduced yield and decreased dissolved oxygen, and affects the physiology of plants and, thus, needs to be controlled. An experiment was conducted in Ebb and Flow hydroponic systems to investigate the application timing and rates of two hydrogen peroxide products (Zerotol and PERpose Plus). Treatments included 35 mL weekly, 35 mL biweekly, 70 mL weekly, 70 mL biweekly, and a control with no application of hydrogen peroxide using a 40-gallon reservoir of water. Pepper ‘Early Jalapeno’ and ‘Lunchbox Red’ and tomato ‘Geronimo’ and ‘Little Sicily’ were used. The study was conducted in a split-plot design with two replications over time. Plant growth parameters, including plant height, flower number, net CO2 assimilation, fresh weight, and dry weight were recorded. Algae data, including dry weight, algae cell counts, and chl a were also measured. Results indicated that with increasing rate and timing of either product decreased algae counts, dry weight, and chl a values. However, weekly and biweekly application of 70 mL of both products were not different for algae quantification. In pepper, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, and root fresh and dry weight were found to be significantly greater with Zerotol 35 mL biweekly, Zerotol 70 mL weekly, PERpose Plus 35 mL biweekly, and PERpose Plus 70 mL weekly compared with the control. ‘Lunchbox Red’ was significantly greater than ‘Early Jalapeno’ in all growth parameters, except soil plant analysis development (SPAD). ‘Lunchbox Red’ had the greatest flower number, with weekly application of 70 mL PERpose Plus. In tomato, greatest flower number and SPAD were observed in ‘Geronimo’ with a weekly application of 70 mL PERpose Plus and 70 mL Zerotol, respectively. Greater shoot and root fresh and dry weight for both tomato cultivars were recorded with 35 mL biweekly or 70 mL weekly application with either product. The results from both plants as well as algae analysis suggest that weekly application of 70 mL of either Zerotol or PERpose Plus produced the best results in terms of controlling algae and improving the growth of pepper and tomato plants.

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Response of nonglyphosate-resistant cotton to reduced rates of glyphosate

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/p2002-089 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 178-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Donnie K. Miller ◽

Robert G. Downer ◽

B. Roger Leonard ◽

E. Merritt Holman ◽

Steve T. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Field Research ◽

Dry Weight ◽

White Flower ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Flower Number ◽

Height Reduction

Field research was conducted in 1999 and 2000 to determine the effect of reduced glyphosate rates on growth and yield of nonglyphosate-resistant cotton. Rates of 9, 18, 35, 70, 140, and 280 g ha−1, representing 0.008, 0.016, 0.031 0.063, 0.125, and 0.25, respectively, of the maximum use rate per application (1,120 g ha−1), were applied to cotton at the two-, five-, or nine-node growth stage. On the basis of visual injury estimates, cotton was more tolerant to glyphosate at the nine-node than at earlier growth stages. Plant dry weight was reduced with 70 g ha−1of glyphosate or higher, when applied at the two- and five-node growth stages in two of three experiments. Dry weight was not affected by glyphosate at the nine-node stage. Plant height also was unaffected by glyphosate rates below 70 g ha−1, but height reduction was noted for all growth stages by experiment combinations, with the exception of the nine-node application for both experiments in 2000, with herbicide rates of 70 g ha−1or higher. Cotton maturity delay, as noted by an increase in node above white flower number, was observed only at the highest glyphosate rate applied to two- and five-node cotton in one of three experiments. Percent open boll data analysis indicated a decreased opportunity of observing an open boll with increasing glyphosate rate, and this effect was greater at the five-node compared with the two- and nine-node stages in two of three experiments. Seedcotton yield after all glyphosate applications was equivalent to that for the nontreated control.

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(95) Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta L.) as a Potted Plant Crop in Response to Pinching and Paclobutrazol

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1046b ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1046B-1046

Author(s):

Clydette M. Alsup ◽

Pamela B. Trewatha

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Branch Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Lateral Branch ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Rudbeckia Hirta ◽

Lateral Branching ◽

Potted Plant ◽

Delayed Development ◽

Plant Crop

In two experiments, seedlings of black-eyed susan were transplanted into 15-cm pots and after 1 week received one of the following treatments: media drench application of 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 mg·L-1 of paclobutrazol or pinching back of terminal growth once, twice, or three times. After plants reached salable size, plant height, lateral branch length and number, and flower counts were taken, and plants were harvested for dry weights. In the first experiment, all pinching treatments and 10 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol reduced plant height and increased lateral branching. Flower count at harvest was enhanced by paclobutrazol and reduced by pinching, due to delayed development of inflorescences. Lateral branching and flower bud count were greatest in the second study on plants receiving three pinches. The 100 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol-drenched plants had lowest height, dry weight, and bud count and were severely stunted. The most attractive plants appeared to be those that received the 10 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol drench treatments.

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The Effects of Foliar Boron and Silica Through the Leaves on Soybean Growth and Yield

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v6i3.13169 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Paul B Timotiwu ◽

Agustiansyah . ◽

Ermawati . ◽

Suci Amalia

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Boron Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Branch Number ◽

The Difference ◽

The University

This study was aimed to determine the effect of the increasing silica and boron concentration and their interaction on plant growth and soybean yield. This research was conducted from April-September 2017 in the integrated field of the experiment at the University Lampung. The treatments were 0 and 5 ppm Boron (B) fertilizer and Silica (Si) concentrations in 6 levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm). The difference between the means of B were calculated by using Orthogonal Contrast and response of Si was used Polynomial at a 0.05. The results showed that application of 5 ppm of B foliarly produced higher of soybean growth and production than without B treatment through variables of the dry weight and grain weight. Application of up to 125 ppm of Si foliarly was improved of soybean growth and production through variables of plant height, number of leaf, leaf area, dry weight and number of productive branch, number of pods, filled pod, and grain weight, but it didn’t affect the percentage of empty pods. The response of soybean growth and production to the increasing Si didn’t depend on the foliar B which was showed in all variables.

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Pengaruh Naungan Tegakan Pohon Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Beberapa Tanaman Sayuran Indigenous

Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jhi.1.1.46-52 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rina Ekawati ◽

Anas D. Susila ◽

Juang G. Kartika

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Petiole Length ◽

Low Light ◽

Branch Number ◽

Cosmos Caudatus ◽

Talinum Triangulare ◽

Better Than

ABSTRACT The objectives of this research was to study the effect of shade on growth and productivity of several indigenous vegetables. The research was conducted at Vegetable Garden, University Farm IPB, Darmaga from February until June 2009. This research was arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design, 1 factor with 2 treatments, shading (N1) and no shading (N0). Result of the research showed that shading increased plant height, length of branch, leaf length and width of Daun Ginseng (Talinum triangulare); leaf diameter, leaf length and width, petiole length of Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens); leaf length and width of Katuk ( Sauropus androgynus); leaf number of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus), stem diameter of Kemangi (Ocimum americanum); plant height, length of branch, number of branch, leaf length and width of Pohpohan (Pilea trinervia). Shading also increased total fresh and dry weight/plant of Daun Ginseng; and total fresh/plant of Sambung Nyawa and Pohpohan plants. Productivity of Daun Ginseng and Pohpohan at shade field was better than at open field. Daun Ginseng, Sambung Nyawa, Kenikir, Kemangi and Pohpohan plants prefered growing at low light intensity (shade plants). Key words: indigenous vegetable, shading, growth, productivity

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Root Pruning Influences Level of Embolism during Posttransplant Growth of Corylus colurna

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.689d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 689d-689

Author(s):

P.R. Knight ◽

J.R. Harris ◽

J.K. Fanelli

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Root Pruning ◽

Branch Number ◽

Shoot Dry Weight

Two-year-old, bareroot, Corylus colurna seedlings were grown in 7.5-L containers from 15 Mar. to 23 June 1995. Plants were grown in a glasshouse using pine bark media. Temperatures were maintained at 30/20°C. Plants received no fertilization or Osmocote 18–6–12 top-dressed at 14 or 28 g/container. Additionally, plants were pruned to remove 0%, 25%, or 50% of the root system based on root length. Height, diameter, branch number, leaf area, and root and shoot dry weight increased linearly as rate of fertilization increased. Percent embolism was not influenced by rate of fertilization. Plant height, branch number, leaf area, and root and shoot dry weight were not influenced by rate of root pruning. Plant diameter increased linearly as rate of root pruning decreased. Percent embolism increased linearly as rate of root pruning increased.

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Early progeny testing and evaluation of controlled crosses of black spruce

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x87-222 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 1442-1450 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dianne J. Williams ◽

Bruce P. Dancik ◽

Richard P. Pharis

Keyword(s):

Black Spruce ◽

Rank Order ◽

Volume Growth ◽

Branch Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Height Growth ◽

Stem Volume ◽

Progeny Testing ◽

Branch Number ◽

Shoot Height

Known parent F1 crosses of black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill) B.S.P.) were ranked in field progeny tests at ages 7 to 13 years for height and stem volume growth. Nine crosses, including two selfs, were chosen for early juvenile progeny testing in a glasshouse environment. Performance of early seedling growth for the same nine families grown under both field and glasshouse conditions were thus compared in a retrospective study. Juvenile–mature correlations were established between a number of traits associated with tree growth and vigor. Within the nine families there was a ranking from "fast"- to "slow"-growing family groups. Monthly measurements of morphological characters at ages 3 to 6 months in the glasshouse showed highly significant family variation for total height, root collar diameter, lateral branch number, needle number, volume, branch length, and shoot, root, and total seedling dry weights. Weekly application of gibberellin A4/7(GA4/7) beginning at age 3 months influenced 5- and 6-month shoot volume and shoot height, and final dry weight measurements (age 6 months). Height growth of the four slowest growing families (two outcrossed, two selfed) was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased by GA4/7 application, but the hormone had no significant effect on height growth of the five faster-growing families (all out-crossed). This may indicate that endogenous gibberellins are not limiting for height growth of faster growing families, but may be limiting for height growth of slower growing families. Simple correlations were highly significant between age 7 to 13 years for field height measurements, and 13-year field volume, versus glasshouse height, stem volume, and the several dry weight measurements at age 6 months. Similarly, Spearman rank order correlations were also significant. These strong correlations between early growth in the glasshouse environment and that of field growth (age 7 to 13 years) suggest that the poorest growing crosses can be identified in a juvenile growth progeny tets under glasshouse conditions by at least age 6 months. Rogueing of the poorest performers as a result of glasshouse testing would thus be at least as reliable as rogueing based on 13 years of field assessment. Selected families for such tests should of course come from similar latitudes and elevations

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GROWTH OF HYBRID LILIES IN ROCKWOOL-BASED MEDIA.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.26.6.741g ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 741G-741

Author(s):

M.T. Kelley ◽

G.C. Elliott ◽

R.J. McAvoy

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Plant Height ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Volume Percent ◽

Flower Number ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Bulk Volume

Four different granulated rockwool (RW) aggregates were combined with peat at 15, 30, or 45 percent (v/v) RW resulting in twelve different peat:RW media. The RW aggregates used were either fine or coarse textured and absorbent or repellent to water. A soil based medium was used as a control. Bulk volume, bulk density, total porosity, water porosity (WP), and aeration porosity (AP) were determined for all media. Hybrid lily, cvs. `Enchantment' and `Jamboree', growth in these media were compared by measuring the dates of visible bud and anthesis, flower number, leaf number and area, plant height and dry weight of stems, leaves, and flowers. Physical properties of the RW media varied significantly from the soil based medium. Increasing the volume percent RW had a negative linear effect on WP but a positive linear effect on AP for all RW aggregates. Lily growth in the soil based medium was statistically similar to all RW media. The dates of visible bud and anthesis, as well as leaf number and area decreased linearly as the volume percent repellent coarse RW increased.

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Variability and Heritability of Morphological Traits in Collection of Cotton Genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Their Potential Use for the Selection

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2017.v13n3p385 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

M. C. Djaboutou ◽

M.G. Sinha ◽

S.S. Houedjissin ◽

G.H. Cacai ◽

C. Ahanhanzo

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Branch Length ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Branch Number ◽

Fruiting Branch ◽

Cotton Genotypes ◽

Positive Correlations

This study was conducted to estimate variability and heritability of some morphological traits available in 14 introduced cotton genotypes. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental site is based in Cotton and Fibres Center for Agricultural Research at Cana located in the south of Republic of Benin.Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the 14 cotton genotypes (p˂0.001). The results showed high heritability for plant height, plant height to first fruiting branch, number of vegetative branches, length of vegetative branch, length of fruiting branch, number of fruiting branches and number of nodes among 14 varieties. Heritability values vary from 0.720 (NFB) to 0.999 (PH and LVB).Positive correlations were found between plant height and length of fruiting branch and number of fruiting branches and other morphological characters. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.80) was observed between plant height to first fruiting branch and plant height. The relatively high variability and heritability estimates for morphological traits suggested that they could be used in breeding programs.

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RESPONSE OF KIENTZLER NEW GUINEA IMPATIENS TO PINCHING

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1108c ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1108c-1108

Author(s):

Terri Woods Starman

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Apical Meristem ◽

New Guinea ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Secondary Branch ◽

Branch Number ◽

Plant Area ◽

Plant Form ◽

New Guinea Impatiens

Manually pinched plants of 18 cultivars of Impatiens hybrids (Keintzler New Guinea impatiens) were compared to control plants to determine the effect of apical meristem removal on flowering, growth and branching. Pinching delayed days to anthesis (first flower) of all cultivars, however, further delay in days to marketability (5 flowers open) was dependent upon cultivar. Plant area and fresh and dry weight were not affected by pinching plants of any cultivar. Cultivar influenced response to pinching treatments for plant height and plant width. Secondary branch number was increased by approximately 3 branches for all cultivars when plants were pinched. There were interactions between cultivar and treatment for primary, tertiary, and total branch number. Measured improvements in plant form determined two cultivars, Sylvine and Thecla, should be pinched. Chemically pinching these two cultivars with dikegulac at 780 mg·liter-1 was comparable to manually pinching plants.

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