scholarly journals Features of mechanical jaundice course caused by complications of bile disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Fedorov ◽  
B. S. Haritonov ◽  
V. V. Masljakov ◽  
O. E. Logvina ◽  
M. A. Naryzhnaja
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Biliary Decompression ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Complications Of Cholelithiasis ◽  
Specific Symptoms

The OBJECTIVE was improving the results of diagnostics and assessment of the severity of patients with mechanical jaundice (MJ) at various stages of its development.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The basis of clinical and laboratory research was the data of 537 patients who were admitted during the period from 2010 to 2019. Principles of separation at the stage of the course of mechanical jaundice of non-tumor Genesis.RESULTS. Analysis of clinical and laboratory studies showed characteristic signs of various complications of cholelithiasis, accompanied by mechanical jaundice. Then, on this basis, specific symptoms characteristic of each stage of mechanical jaundice of non-tumor Genesis were determined.CONCLUSION. The course of mechanical jaundice, which develops with complications of cholelithiasis, has a phase-stage character, beginning with extrahepatic cholestasis, then-joining hepatocytolysis and ending with cholangitis. Initially, cholestasis and cytolysis are functional, which is confirmed by biochemical tests, so these processes are labile and reversible. This makes it possible to effectively use biliary decompression methods and infusion therapy with detoxification during treatment. Cholangitis is characterized by destructive morphological manifestations, so it is verified by specific clinical symptoms and laboratory tests characteristic of inflammatory-septic reactions and progresses to sepsis. Differentiation of stages of mechanical jaundice allows to personify surgical and conservative treatment of such patients.

LABORATORY RESEARCH RESULTS OF ONION SEPARATION ON A BAR ELEVATOR WITH AN ADJUSTABLE TILT ANGLE

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Translational Speed

Existing machines for harvesting root crops and onions do not provide qualitative indicators of root crops pile separation, which leads to a violation of agrotechnical requirements when harvesting them [1, 2]. It is necessary to search for new solutions to increase the quality indicators of root crop separation, namely to increase the completeness of separation and reduce damage. The article presents the design of the onion set harvesting machine, equipped with a bar elevator with an asymmetric arrangement of shakers. We described the methodology and results of laboratory studies to determine the quality indicators of heap onion sets separation on an experimental bar elevator. The results of laboratory tests of the onion set harvesting machine equipped with a bar elevator with an adjustable blade angle showed a high-quality performance of separation process at optimal values of parameters: translational speed of the bar elevator blade vEL = 1.55 ... 1.68 m s, the supply of onions heap Qb?- 19.7 ... 27.1 kg s and inclination angle of the blade bar elevator is in the range аг= 15.1... 21.9 degrees. The use of a bar elevator with an adjustable angle of inclination of the blade allows to increase the completeness of onion sets separation by 20%, and reduce damage to the bulbs by 11%.

Degradation of shaley limestone riprapAn earlier version of this paper was presented at the Canadian Geotechnical Conference in September 2003.

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Graham ◽  
Kate Franklin ◽  
Marolo Alfaro ◽  
Joel Wortley
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Northern Canada

This paper describes field and laboratory research on limestone riprap at a water retention dyke in northern Canada. Field studies over a period of 5 years showed that weathering had reduced the size of some of the riprap, and hence the protection offered to the dyke. Laboratory tests, including the Iowa pore index test, demonstrate the capacity of the riprap to resist deterioration caused by freezing and thawing. The field and laboratory studies have been complemented by demand calculations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with different pathogens of acute diarrhea in adults in Beijing, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1200-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jia ◽  
Changying Lin ◽  
Zhiyong Gao ◽  
Mei Qu ◽  
Junyong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Introduction: Only a small proportion of patients with diarrhea are diagnosed with laboratory tests in China, and most are diagnosed based on clinical symptoms. Therefore, understanding the prevalence of different diarrheal pathogens and their specific symptoms is important. Methodology: Data from a prospective study in Beijing of acute diarrhea and the related pathogens were used to study the association between different pathogen groups and the infected patients’ characteristics. A total of 355 patients with acute diarrhea, clinically diagnosed with infectious or noninfectious diarrhea by general practitioners (GPs), were recruited from three districts. Results: Different species of diarrheal pathogens were detected in 133 (37.5%) patients. The most prevalent pathogen was calicivirus (42.9%), followed by rotavirus (30.1%), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (13.5%), and Salmonella spp. (10.5%). The detection rates in patients diagnosed with infectious or noninfectious diarrhea by GPs did not differ significantly (c2 = 0.026, p = 0.873). Abdominal pain correlated negatively with viral pathogens, whereas nausea, living in the suburbs, and winter infection correlated positively with viral infection. Abdominal pain and leukocytosis were positively associated with bacterial infections, whereas winter infection correlated negatively with them. Conclusion: In this study, we found that the detection rates in patients diagnosed with infectious or noninfectious diarrhea by GPs was the same. We also revealed the improper prescription of antibiotics by GPs based simply on clinical diagnoses. A further analysis of diagnostic accuracy and methods is required to assist GPs in improving their diagnoses when insufficient laboratory tests are available and budgets are limited.

Gene therapy targeting FVIII, FIX for haemophilia treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

Treatment for haemophilia is shifting away from standard factor replacement therapy and toward genetic repair or rebalancing, as well as overall haemostasis equilibrium. Some of these newer drugs may not have specific testing available to determine their haemostasis effects. The effects of gene therapy FVIII or FIX in vivo are under investigation, and it is expected to vary between people; nonetheless, ongoing monitoring of FVIII or FIX activity will be required. The rapid regulatory approval and adoption of emicizumab into routine clinical use surprised many haemostasis labs. Because of the challenges of monitoring patients on emicizumab, laboratories with expertise in designing alternative tests are most suited to do so.Future drugs with similar pharmacological properties to current treatments will not have a similar influence on laboratory tests. Before putting new pharmaceuticals into clinical use, pharmaceutical companies must do extensive laboratory research, and regulatory bodies must ensure that adequate laboratory studies have been completed and are available in the literature.

scholarly journals ENDOCRINOPATHIES IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
ROSDINA ZAMRUD AHMAD AKBAR ◽  
Sharifah Faradila WM Hatta ◽  
Rosnida Mohd Noh ◽  
Fatimah Zaherah Mohd Shah ◽  
Thuhairah Hasrah Abdul Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Introduction: Hormonal abnormality is one of many clinical manifestations of HIV infections that is not well understood. However, the consequences could affect quality of life and are potentially treatable. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of thyroid, adrenal and gonadal dysfunctions among HIV-infected patients. Methods: This is a single centre cross-sectional study involving 150 HIV-infected patients attending the HIV clinic. Each subject was required to answer specific symptoms questionnaire and their medical records were reviewed for relevant clinical and biochemical data. Blood for was collected and thyroid hormones, cortisol, ACTH, FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol were analysed using electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Thyroid, adrenal and gonadal axes abnormalities were identified. Results: Hypogonadism had the highest prevalence amongst the endocrine abnormalities, which was detected in 23 patients (15.3%), followed by thyroid dysfunction in 18 patients (12%) and hypocortisolism in 2 patients (1.3%). There was significant correlation between CD4 count, BMI and age with the hormone levels. Conclusion: Prevalence of endocrine abnormalities was low in these well-treated HIV-positive patients, with hypogonadism being the most common. However, significant correlations between CD4 count, age and BMI with the hormonal levels were detected. Clinical symptoms in relation to endocrinopathy are not specific as a screening tool thus underscoring the need for biochemical tests to identify these treatable conditions.

scholarly journals Application and Selection of the Reagent to Neutralize Hydrogen Sulfide and Light Methyl-, Ethyl- Mercaptans in Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 7042-7048
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heating Oil ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Pilot Tests

The choice of an effective neutralizer for a particular field is made on the basis of laboratory studies and pilot tests. A number of laboratory tests were conducted to select a hydrogen sulfide neutralizer for oil at the loading point of the Borodino field. The studies were carried out according to the standard method of the “bottle roll test” at 45°С with various amounts of the reagent-neutralizer by bubbling oil and reagents. Laboratory tests for the selection of effective reagents-neutralizers were carried out by modeling the process of collecting and preparing oil at the loading point of the Borodino field in two stages. The results of laboratory research allowed us to choose the most optimal neutralizer, set its flow rate, and temperature of oil heating. In addition, t influence of the place where the reagent - neutralizer is introduced into degassed oil is studied. The laboratory tests made it possible to select the best neutralizer Desoulfon-SNPCH-1200, to determine its minimum specific consumption and the temperature of heating oil. The application of this reagent-neutralizer will allow doing the effective oil preparation at the loading point of the Borodino field. The amount of Desoulfon-SNPCH-1200 needed to neutralize the mercaptans depends on their content in oil and the required degree of reduction.

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), A rapidly spreading epidemic in Chennai - A standalone lab experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4896
Author(s):  
Sripriya C.S.* ◽  
Shanthi B. ◽  
Arockia Doss S. ◽  
Antonie Raj I. ◽  
Mohana Priya
Keyword(s):  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Orientia Tsutsugamushi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), is a strict intracellular bacterium which is reported to be a recent threat to parts of southern India. There is re-emergence of scrub typhus during the past few years in Chennai. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness which generally causes non-specific symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations of this disease range from sub-clinical disease to organ failure to fatal disease. This study documents our laboratory experience in diagnosis of scrub typhus in patients with fever and suspected clinical symptoms of scrub typhus infection for a period of two years from April 2014 to April 2016 using immunochromatography and IgM ELISA methods. The study was conducted on 648 patients out of whom 188 patients were found to be positive for scrub typhus. Results also showed that pediatric (0 -12 years) and young adults (20 – 39 years) were more exposed to scrub typhus infection and female patients were more infected compared to male. The study also showed that the rate of infection was higher between September to February which also suggested that the infection rate is proportional to the climatic condition. Statistical analysis showed that the mean age of the patients in this study was 37.6, standard deviation was 18.97, CV % was 50.45. 

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Residues on Pesticide Behavior in Soils: A Review of Laboratory Research

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
María J. Carpio ◽  
María J. Sánchez-Martín ◽  
M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz ◽  
Jesús M. Marín-Benito
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The management of large volumes of organic residues generated in different livestock, urban, agricultural and industrial activities is a topic of environmental and social interest. The high organic matter content of these residues means that their application as soil organic amendments in agriculture is considered one of the more sustainable options, as it could solve the problem of the accumulation of uncontrolled wastes while improving soil quality and avoiding its irreversible degradation. However, the behavior of pesticides applied to increase crop yields could be modified in the presence of these amendments in the soil. This review article addresses how the adsorption–desorption, dissipation and leaching of pesticides in soils is affected by different organic residues usually applied as organic amendments. Based on the results reported from laboratory studies, the influence on these processes has been evaluated of multiple factors related to organic residues (e.g., origin, nature, composition, rates, and incubation time of the amended soils), pesticides (e.g., with different use, structure, characteristics, and application method), and soils with different physicochemical properties. Future perspectives on this topic are also included for highlighting the need to extend these laboratory studies to field and modelling scale to better assess and predict pesticide fate in amended soil scenarios.

Results of the experimental bits bench test, equipped with the compound built-up layers

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
V.N. Gadalov ◽  
V. M. Brodsky ◽  
E.A. Filatov ◽  
A.V. Filonovic
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Induction Method ◽  
Gas Flame ◽  
Flame Method ◽  
Drilling Bit ◽  
Pilot Tests

The article shows the results of performance laboratory studies of compound built-up layers, as well as benches of the pilot tests of the drilling bit rolling cutters, equipped on the bit gage surface of the compound built-up layer; the hardening layers were located along the gage teeth contour. The cast tungsten carbide building-up welding on experimental bits was carried out using a gas-flame method. The induction method of building-up welding was implemented on the rolling cutters of the serial bits. The article shows the results of comparative indicators of serial and experimental bits when their processing on the bench. It was found that experimental bits were more efficient than the serial ones. The estimation of the performance laboratory tests results was confirmed by tests on the bench under pilot conditions of the rolling cutter bits drilling, equipped on the bit gage surface by the compound built-up layer.

Symptom patterns in childhood arterial ischemic stroke: Analysis of a population-based study in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 230 (06) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Lucia Gerstl ◽  
Raphael Weinberger ◽  
Rüdiger von Kries ◽  
Florian Heinen ◽  
Andreas Sebastian Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Childhood Stroke ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Symptom Patterns ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Hintergrund Die zeitliche Verzögerung zwischen Symptombeginn und Diagnose ist eine Herausforderung in der Behandlung von Kindern mit arteriell ischämischem Schlaganfall. Frühere Studien zur klinischen Präsentation beschäftigten sich v. a. mit kumulativen Symptomen. Zielsetzung Ziel dieser Studie ist es, mögliche Symptommuster aufzuzeigen. Methoden In einer aktiven Beobachtungsstudie zwischen 01/2015 und 12/2016 (ESPED-Studie) wurden Kinder mit Erstdiagnose eines arteriell ischämischen Schlaganfalls eingeschlossen. Isoliert auftretende Erstsymptome wurden verschiedenen Symptomkombinationen gegenübergestellt. Zudem wurde untersucht, inwieweit ein als „akut“ oder „progredient“ klassifiziertes Auftreten der Symptome Rückschlüsse auf die zugrundeliegende Ätiologie erlaubt. Ergebnisse Es wurden 99 Kinder in die Studie eingeschlossen. Unabhängig vom Alter traten überwiegend fokale Symptome auf (86%). Krampfanfälle als Initialsymptom wurden insbesondere bei Säuglingen beschrieben (67%), wohin-gegen diffuse, unspezifische Symptome vor allem bei Vorschulkindern (38%) und älteren Kindern (59%) auftraten. Isoliert traten fokale Symptome bei 37 Kindern auf, 48 Kinder zeigten zusätzlich unspezifische Symptome, darunter auch 9 Kinder mit Krampfanfällen. Isolierte unspezifische Symptome zeigten sich lediglich bei 7 Kindern, 2 Kinder wurden nur mit Krampfanfällen symptomatisch. Die Akuität des Symptombeginns wurde bei 53/78 als „akut“ und bei “25/78 Fällen als „progredient“ klassifiziert, lieferte jedoch keinen Hinweis auf die zugrundeliegende Ätiologie. Schlussfolgerung Jedes neue fokal neurologische Defizit sollte unabhängig vom Auftreten (isoliert oder kombiniert, akut oder progredient) an einen kindlichen Schlaganfall denken lassen. Background Time delay between onset of clinical symptoms and diagnosis is a challenge in childhood arterial ischemic stroke. Most previous studies reported cumulative symptoms. Objective We attempted to identify typical symptom patterns and assessed their emergence in childhood stroke. Methods Prospective active surveillance in ESPED, a hospital based Pediatric Surveillance Unit for rare diseases in Germany, between January 2015 and December 2016. Case definition: first diagnosis of a radiologically confirmed arterial ischemic stroke. Symptom patterns were identified as occurring in isolation or in combination. We distinguished acute vs. progressive onset. We ascertained risk factors to identify the possible etiology. Results 99 children with childhood arterial ischemic stroke were reported. Focal symptoms were the predominant presenting feature (86%), independent of age. Seizures were more often seen in infants < 1 year (67%), whereas diffuse symptoms were more present in pre-school children (38%) and older children (59%). 37 children had focal features alone and 48 additional non-specific features, including 9 with seizures. Isolated non-specific features accounted for 7 cases, and 2 children had (focal) seizures as the only symptom. In 77% of all cases at least one risk factor was identified. The emergence of symptoms was acute in 53/78 cases and progressive in 25/78 cases. The pattern of emergence was unrelated to the underlying etiology. Conclusions Any new focal neurological deficit in isolation, or associated with seizures or further non-specific symptoms should alert to childhood stroke.

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