GENDERED ACTIVISM: THE ANTI FRANCOIST STUDENT MOVEMENT IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA IN THE 1960S AND 1970S

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 90-109
Author(s):  
Aurora Morcillo
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
General Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regulatory Law ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

This article focuses on the repression of the student movement in the University of Granada during the state of exception of 1970. It relates the experiences of two students, Socorro and Jesus, a couple who joined the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) and suffered persecution and imprisonment. The Francoist university was governed by the University Regulatory Law (URL, University Regulatory Law) issued in 1943, which was replaced with the promulgation of the General Law of Education in 1970. As I explained in my previous work, the Catholic national rhetoric of the Franco regime forged an ideal "True Catholic Woman" based on the resurgence of the values ​​of purity and subordination of the 16th century counter reform as proposed by Luis Vives in The Instruction of the Christian Woman (1523) and Fray Luis de León in The Perfect Wife (1583). This ideal of a woman came to contradict the ideal of an intellectual built on the letter of the Ley de Ordenación Universitaria (1943). The transition to the consumer economy in the 1950s with the military and economic aid of the United States, as well as the social Catholicism of the Second Vatican Council in the sixties along with the arrival of tourism and emigration to Europe changed the social fabric and opened the doors of the classrooms to an increasing number of women, especially in the humanities careers of Philosophy and Letters. Through the analysis of interviews conducted in the late 1980s with two people who participated in the clandestine student movement, this article explores how young people transgressed the official discourse on the Catholic ideal of women, claimed the university environment for the working class and created a neutral space in terms of gender in which they could achieve their commitment to study, democratic freedom and feminism.

O początkach wychowania seksualnego w Polsce i kontestacji młodzieżowej na Zachodzie – zapis ostatniego wywiadu z Profesorem Andrzejem Jaczewskim

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-205
Author(s):  
Julia Stępniewska ◽  
Piotr Zańko ◽  
Adam Fijałkowski
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Auxiliary Function ◽  
Sexual Revolution ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
The West ◽  
The Social ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

In this text, we ask about the relationship between sexual education in Poland in the 1960s and 1970s with the cultural contestation and the moral (including sexual) revolution in the West as seen through the eyes of Prof. Andrzej Jaczewski (1929–2020) – educationalist, who for many years in 1970s and 1980s conducted seminars at the University of Cologne, pediatrician, sexologist, one of the pioneers of sexual education in Poland. The movie “Sztuka kochania. Historia Michaliny Wisłockiej” (“The Art of Love. The Story of Michalina Wisłocka” [1921–2005]), directed in 2017 by Maria Sadowska, was the impulse for our interview. After watching it, we discovered that the counter-cultural background of the West in the 1960s and 1970s was completely absent both in the aforementioned film and in the discourse of Polish sex education at that time. Moreover, Andrzej Jaczewski’s statement (July 2020) indicates that the Polish concept of sexual education in the 1960s and 1970s did not arise under the influence of the social and moral revolution in the West at the same time, and its originality lay in the fact that it was dealt with by professional doctors-specialists. We put Andrzej Jaczewski’s voice in the spotlight. Our voice is usually muted in this text, it is more of an auxiliary function (Chase, 2009). Each of the readers may impose their own interpretative filter on the story presented here.

Objectivity and the Politics of Disciplines

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-216
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Universal Quantification ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter assesses the bearing of bureaucratic cultures on science, then shows how inferential statistics became standard in medicine and psychology as a response to internal disciplinary weakness and external regulatory pressures. The massive effort to introduce quantitative criteria for public decisions in the 1960s and 1970s was not simply an unmediated response to a new political climate. It reflected also the overwhelming success of quantification in the social, behavioral, and medical sciences during the postwar period. This was not a chance confluence of independent lines of cultural and intellectual development, but in some way a single phenomenon. It is no accident that the move toward the almost universal quantification of social and applied disciplines was led by the United States, and succeeded most fully there. The push for rigor in the disciplines derived in part from the same distrust of unarticulated expert knowledge and the same suspicion of arbitrariness and discretion that shaped political culture so profoundly in the same period. Some of this suspicion came from within the disciplines it affected, but in every case it was at least reinforced by vulnerability to the suspicions of outsiders, often expressed in an explicitly political arena.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Paul J. Magnarella
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Black Panther Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Strife ◽  
The Social ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

The introduction establishes the setting for Pete O’Neal’s life in the United States. It describes the social turbulence of the 1960s and 1970s, including that period’s civil strife, racial discrimination, national and urban unrest, and black power movements. It discusses the formation and ideologies of the Black Panther Party and the strained relations between the police and black citizens, as well as the racially uneven employment picture in Kansas City, Missouri, the city of Pete O’Neal’s formative years.

SIM’s Directions: “Back to the Future”

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1418-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin M. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Service Award ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

This essay addresses directions for the Social Issues in Management (SIM) Division from the perspective of “Back to the Future.” The author was chair of the SIM Division in 1983 to 1984 and the 1989 recipient of the SIM Division’s Sumner Marcus Distinguished Service Award. The essay reviews the general history of SIM during the 1960s and 1970s in which the University of California, Berkeley, played a key role in organizing conferences. The author explains his approach as an applied empiricist to research concerning SIM. The essentials are power, legitimacy, responsibility, rationality, and values, and understanding how they impact the ongoing day-to-day interactions within, between, and among business organizations, their leadership, and other sectors of society. SIM is a field of diverse inquiry which has been the recipient of perspectives and persons drawn not only from multiple disciplines, particularly from the social sciences, law, and management, but also from the humanities and sciences. SIM is patently multi- and inter-disciplinary.

scholarly journals The social movement concept under debate: from the sixties to the present day

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

Departing from the notion of social movement advanced by the theories of resource mobilization, political process and new social movements, the article aims to trace different analytical paths traversed by the studies on social movements and collective action. In this discussion it’s considered the hypothesis that over the past few decades, as the macro-structural approaches were giving way to contributions more focused on the micro-social processes and features of social movements, the debate around the concept of social movement may have lost the relevance assumed by earlier analysis developed during the 1960s and 1970s.

scholarly journals Cicero Versus Socrates: The Liberal Arts Debate in the 1960s at the University of Saskatchewan, Regina Campus

2003 ◽  
pp. 101-129
Author(s):  
James M. Pitsula
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Liberal Education ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
New Left ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Student Power ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

The liberal arts debate among the faculty at Regina Campus in the 1960s reflected the social and political movements of the day, especially the rise of student power and the New Left. At the same time, it revived a much older debate about the nature of liberal education, which historian Bruce Kimball traces back to the thought of Socrates and Cicero. Kimball’s typology of “orators” versus “philosophers” brings order and clarity to what otherwise appears as a jumbled mix of conflicting viewpoints. The “oratorical” tradition favors general education based on knowable truth as a means to prepare youth for responsible and active citizenship. The “philosophical” or “liberal-free” ideal emphasizes the freedom to search for truth, an eternal quest that never attains its goal, and has led to the dominance of scientific research and the fragmentation of knowledge. The “orators” lost the sixties debate, and the “liberal-free” ideal is now almost uncontested.

scholarly journals Movimiento voices on campus: The newspapers of the Chicana/o student movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-70
Author(s):  
Harry L. Simón Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
Community Media ◽  
History Of ◽  
Student Newspapers ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Historical Moment

The political communication of the Chicana/o student movement of the 1960s and 1970s took place primarily through various forms of print media, with campus based student newspapers figuring prominently within that particular historical moment. At their peak, at least 48 Chicana/o student newspapers were produced on campuses throughout the country, marking these publications as both the principal and ideal format through which the flow of cultural and political information was channeled between movement publics, both on and off college campuses. Yet, the history of these publications has not been thoroughly documented, nor has the discursive legacy of this form of communicative resistance been fully examined. This paper provides a brief history of the emergence and significance of these student newspapers on campuses across the United States, focusing on how campus activists established this form of community media to help advocate on behalf of Chicana/o students and their broader publics.

The Public and the Arts

1984 ◽  
Vol 471 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD B. KELLER
Keyword(s):  
Public Involvement ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
American People ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The tremendous growth in public involvement with the arts and public funding of the arts, which the United States witnessed in the 1960s and 1970s, took place during a unique period in American history. During that period the social values of the nation shifted radically. In the 1980s, we are again undergoing fundamental change in our social, economic, and political environment. A more restrictive economy is causing the American people to rethink many of the assumptions that engendered the social-values revolution of the last two decades. The watchword of the 1980s can best be described as adaptation, as the nation seeks to blend social and economic goals. In this climate almost all assumptions are being reexamined, including those about the arts and funding of the arts. This article reviews the social and political climate of the 1960s and 1970s, in which culture and the arts exploded, and the changes that have taken place in the 1980s; it then analyzes current public attitudes toward funding of the arts; finally, it identifies some key social and public-policy trends that are emerging in the eighties and are likely to influence the future of funding of the arts.

The Politics of Banking and Social Democracy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aled Davies
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Social Democracy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Political Demand

This chapter concerns the politics of managing the domestic banking system in post-war Britain. It examines the pressures brought to bear on the post-war settlement in banking during the 1960s and 1970s—in particular, the growth of new credit creating institutions and the political demand for more competition between banks. This undermined the social democratic model for managing credit established since the war. The chapter focuses in particular on how the Labour Party attempted in the 1970s to produce a banking system that was competitive, efficient, and able to channel credit to the struggling industrial economy.

Why Diamonds Really are a Girl's Best Friend: Another American Narrative

Daedalus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Linda K. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Domestic Relations ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
American Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The old law of domestic relations and the system known as coverture have shaped marriage practices in the United States and have limited women's membership in the constitutional community. This system of law predates the Revolution, but it lingers in U.S. legal tradition even today. After describing coverture and the old law of domestic relations, this essay considers how the received narrative of women's place in U.S. history often obscures the story of women's and men's efforts to overthrow this oppressive regime, and also the story of the continuing efforts of men and some women to stabilize and protect it. The essay also questions the paradoxes built into American law: for example, how do we reconcile the strictures of coverture with the founders' care in defining rights-holders as “persons” rather than “men”? Citing a number of court cases from the early days of the republic to the present, the essay describes the 1960s and 1970s shift in legal interpretation of women's rights and obligations. However, recent developments – in abortion laws, for example – invite inquiry as to how full the change is that we have accomplished. The history of coverture and the way it affects legal, political, and cultural practice today is another American narrative that needs to be better understood.

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