scholarly journals Use of an Innovative Interprofessional Mini-Series Movie to Train Preceptors

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D Cox ◽  
Nephy G Samuel ◽  
Jongpil Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Program Completion ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Perceived Learning ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Texas Tech University ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Learning Score

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the innovative “Preceptor Mini-Series: Adventures in Interprofessional Precepting” movie program in training pharmacy preceptors on interprofessional competencies and to determine pharmacy preceptors’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the Mini-Series format. Methods: Chronicled by two preceptor experts, the Mini-Series movie follows the challenges of pharmacy, nursing, and medicine students and their preceptor during six-week experiential rotations. Pharmacy preceptors were invited to events held at movie theatres or local classrooms in three different cities. Participants were asked to provide basic demographic information and answer four “pre-program” and “post-program” survey questions focused on working in an interprofessional environment on a 5 point scale, 1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree. The post-program survey also included six additional questions to assess participant’s attitudes toward the effectiveness of this medium. Results: Fifty-eight (58) individuals attended the movie events. The majority had more than ten years of preceptor experience (n = 21, 36.2%), were female preceptors (n = 40, 69.0%), and practiced in an interprofessional environment (n = 48, 82.8%). The participants’ scores on all four interprofessional confidence level questions were significantly increased after viewing the Mini-Series movie and the overall mean increased from 4.47 (pre-confidence level) to 4.79 (post-confidence level, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences of confidence levels based on gender, location, or number of students a preceptor took on rotation each year. However, participants with fewer years of preceptor experience (0-10 years) had a significantly higher perceived learning score than those with more preceptor experience (>10 years) (4.89 vs. 4.63, p = 0.020). The mean for satisfaction (4.9, 3 questions) was slightly higher than the means for perceived learning (4.8, 1 question), and instructional approach (4.87, 3 questions). Implications: After program completion, pharmacy preceptors indicated an increase in confidence level for precepting in an interprofessional environment. The Mini-Series movie program also yielded positive feedback on its delivery format and suggests the medium may be effective to use for similar future training initiatives. Conflict of Interest The authors report no conflicts of interest or financial incentives to disclose related to this project. Dr. Craig D. Cox conceptualized, developed, and directed the Mini-Seriesprogram described in the manuscript. All funding for and all income generated by the program studied is the property of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy.   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals Utilizing an Innovative Preceptor Video Mini-Series to Prepare Students for Experiential Rotations: Does it Work?

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D Cox ◽  
Nephy G Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Viewing Sessions

Objectives: To determine whether an innovative Mini-Series training model originally developed for preceptors could be beneficial to pharmacy students prior to and/or after beginning their introductory or advanced pharmacy practice experiences. Methods: This program consists of twelve incremental video episodes, each ranging from five to eight minutes in length. It tells the story of a young pharmacy preceptor as she guides a third and fourth year student through a challenging six-week clinical hospital rotation. Two to three reflection questions were written for each individual episode, focusing on student issues portrayed in the videos. Two-hour viewing sessions, consisting of all (12) video episodes and facilitated student reflection were held for 2nd – 4th year professional students on two campuses. At conclusion of each session, students completed a short evaluation to gauge the effectiveness and potential application of the Mini-Series program. Results: Fifty-six (56) students (22 fourth-year, 6 third-ear, and 28 second-year) participated in the voluntary viewing sessions. All students either agreed or strongly agreed that the Mini-Series program was entertaining and educational. In addition, 82% of students strongly agreed this program would be beneficial for students prior to taking their first experiential rotation, while only 47% strongly agreed it would be beneficial after they had started rotations. On a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree), participants reported a mean of 4.6 that this medium is more effective than traditional lecture orientations held by the Office of Experiential Programs. On three open-ended questions, students provided a diversity of suggestions for enhancing the Mini-Series to make it more effective for students. Implications: The “Mini-Series” model was well received by students as a training medium to deliver educational content. As a result, more programs are being developed utilizing this innovative teaching method to help prepare students for future experiential rotations. Conflict of Interest The authors report no conflicts of interest or financial incentives to disclose related to this project. Dr. Craig D. Cox conceptualized, developed, and directed the Mini-Seriesprogram described in the manuscript. All funding for and all income generated by the program studied is the property of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy.   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals The internship dentists self confidence levels during root canal treatment procedures

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mazen Doumani ◽  
Adnan Habib ◽  
Abrar Alhababi ◽  
Ahmad Bashnakli ◽  
Enass Shamsy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Self-confidence level assessment in newly graduated students is very important to evaluate the undergraduate endodontic courses. Objective: The aim of this study was to get information from internship dentists in Alfarabi dental college related to their confidence levels during root canal treatment procedures.Methods: Anonymous survey forms were sent to 150 internship dentists in Alfarbi dental college. They were asked to indicate their self-confidence level by Lickert’s scoring system ranging between 1 and 5.Results: Removal of broken instruments was determined as a procedure that was not experienced by 25.2% of the dentists. (44.6%) of dentists felt confident about taking radiographs during root canal treatment. 1.9 % of them reported as having very little confidence during retreatment. The irrigation was a procedure in which they felt very confident about (59.2%).Conclusion: The non-practiced endodontic procedure was clearly related to levels of self confidence among internship dentists; this means; a lot of studies in dental school should be performed to determine the weakness points or gaps in undergraduate endodontic courses.

scholarly journals Ethical Guidelines for Publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Clinical Reports

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Von Haehling ◽  
Nicole Ebner ◽  
John E Morley ◽  
Andrew JS Coats ◽  
Stefan D Anker
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Abstract Form ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Ethical Authorship ◽  
Available Information

AbstractThis article details the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Clinical Reports (JCSM Clinical Reports). At the time of submission to JCSM Clinical Reports, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are obtained below: All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM Clinical Reports;No person having a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript;The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor has it been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form;All authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced;All original research work are approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees;All conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript;The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM Clinical Reports as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true; andIf any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM Clinical Reports as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacist Attitudes on Medication Synchronization Programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Witry ◽  
Thao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacist ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Significant Change

Background: Medication synchronization is a service offered by an increasing number of community pharmacies that aligns refilling of a patient’s multiple medications. Purported benefits include increased adherence and improved dispensing efficiency. Objective: To assess community pharmacist agreement with a set of declarative statements about medication synchronization programs and to identify variation related to pharmacist characteristics. Methods: In 2015, a cross-sectional survey was mailed to 1,000 pharmacists from 5 Midwestern U.S. states using 4-contacts and an online option. Respondents used a 7-point Likert scale to agree or disagree with 5 statements about medication synchronization. Demographic and workplace characteristics were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. Multiple linear regression tested the relationship between pharmacist characteristics and a 4-item attitude composite. Results: There were 258 usable responses for a response rate of 28.8%. About half (45.0%) reported their pharmacy offered medication synchronization. Most pharmacists (82.6%) agreed this service has a positive impact on patient adherence but 57% agreed that a “significant change to workflow” was or would be required. Pharmacist agreement that the program provides financial benefits to the pharmacy was higher than agreement that the service provides more opportunities for patient interactions (p<0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, having a PharmD and working at a pharmacy offering Medication Therapy Management were associated with more positive scores on the medication synchronization benefits composite whereas working in a staff role (rather than a manager/owner) was lower. No demographic predictors were significantly associated with agreeing that a significant change to workflow would be required for implementation. Conclusions: Pharmacists generally were positive about medication synchronization programs, although some negative views were present, especially regarding the need for workflow change. Research is needed to understand barriers and facilitators to how medication synchronization programs are implemented and maintained and their effects on outcomes. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Original Research

Impact of Financial Incentives on Diabetes Prevention Class Attendance and Program Completion: Evidence From Minnesota, Montana, and New York

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Alva ◽  
Melissa Romaire ◽  
Joseph Acquah
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Program Completion ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Class Attendance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Model

Purpose: To test the role of financial incentives to motivate engagement in diabetes prevention programs (DPPs). Design: Minnesota, Montana, and New York randomized 3 different approaches to providing incentives: incentivizing class attendance and weight loss (all states), class attendance only (NY), and weight loss only (NY). We used New York to test how different approaches to providing incentives influence DPP completion and attendance. Setting: Health-care facilities and local young men’s Christian association. Participants: Eight hundred thirty one Medicaid enrollees in Minnesota, 204 in Montana, and 560 in New York. Intervention Measure: Impact of the financial incentives on DPP program completion rates. We measured completion of DPP classes in 2 ways: completing 9 or more or 16 or more DPP classes. Analysis: Multivariate logistic model to compare completion of DPP classes between participants randomized into receiving financial incentives and controls. Results: Receipt of incentives was associated with higher odds at attending 9 or more classes (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2; P < .01) in Minnesota, Montana (OR: 2.2; P < .05), and New York (OR: 1.9; P < .01) as well as attending 16 or more classes in Minnesota (OR: 3.1; P < .01), Montana (OR: 2.1; P < .01), and New York (OR: 2.9; P < .01). In New York, individuals paid to attend classes attended more classes than individuals paid based on results only. Conclusion: Among Medicaid beneficiaries, financial incentives improve DPP class attendance.

Evolution of methodology and reporting of emergency medicine quantitative research over a 20-year period

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Smith ◽  
Patrick Date ◽  
William Spencer ◽  
Erik de Tonnerre ◽  
David McDonald Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveWe aimed to determine trends over time in article origin, and article and methodology characteristics.MethodWe examined original research articles published every fifth year over a 20-year period (1997–2017) in six emergency medicine (EM) journals (Ann Emerg Med, Acad Emerg Med, Eur J Emerg Med, Emerg Med J, Am J Emerg Med, Emerg Med Australas). Explicit data extraction of 21 article characteristics was undertaken. These included regional contributions, specific article items and research methodology.Results2152 articles were included. Over the study period, the proportional contributions from the USA and the UK steadily fell while those from Australasia, Europe and ‘other’ countries increased (p<0.001). All specific article items increased (p<0.01). Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee approval and conflicts of interest were almost universal by 2017. There were substantial increases in the reporting of keywords and authorship contributions. The median (IQR) number of authors increased from 4 (2) in 1997 to 6 (3) in 2017 (p<0.001) and the proportion of female first authors increased from 24.3% to 34.2% (p<0.01). Multicentre and international collaborations, consecutive sampling, sample size calculations, inferential biostatistics and the reporting of CIs and p values all increased (p<0.001). There were decreases in the use of convenience sampling and blinding (p<0.001). The median (IQR) study sample size increased from 148 (470) to 349 (2225) (p<0.001).ConclusionTrends over time are apparent within the EM research literature. The dominance in contributions from the US and UK is being challenged. There is more reporting of research accountability and greater rigour in both research methodology and results presentation.

On the application of confidence limits to biostratigraphy: an example from diatoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lopes ◽  
João Velez
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Expedition 346 ◽  
Age Model

&lt;p&gt;For years, diatom-based biostratigraphy has been settings bio-events based on a qualitatively approach. This means that the biostratigraphy would set an age based on the findings or not of a certain species. However, how many species are needed to consider a certain datum as certain? One, ten, 100? Moreover, each biostratigrapher sets its on limits. One might consider one as enough and another 10. Therefore, the scale more often used is the absent, rare, frequent, common, dominant or abundant with an explanation of what of these definitions mean. This is very common in, for example, IODP expeditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, what would happen to these biostratigraphy levels if one would apply, for example, a concept of 95% confidence level? Moreover, what would happen to an age model if this concept would be applied to all the biostratigraphy microfossil?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here we will show Expedition 346 age model differences with and without confidence levels applied to diatoms. The differences can be significant and even considering the existence of a hiatus can be reconsider if confidence limits are applied, turning a possible hiatus into a very slow sedimentation rate having serious implications to the initial paleoceanographic interpretations.&lt;/p&gt;

On Determination of Sample Size to Evaluate Reliability Growth Plans

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jin ◽  
P. Woytowitz ◽  
T. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Semiconductor Manufacturing ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Reliability Growth ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Reliability Performance

The reliability performance of Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipments (SME) is very important for both equipment manufacturers and customers. However, the response variables are random in nature and can significantly change due to many factors. In order to track the equipment reliability performance with certain confidence, this paper proposes an efficient methodology to calculate the number of samples needed to measure the reliability performance of the SME tools. This paper presents a frequency-based Statistics methodology to calculate the number of sampled tools to evaluate the SME reliability field performance based on certain confidence levels and error margins. One example case has been investigated to demonstrate the method. We demonstrate that the multiple weeks accumulated average reliability metrics of multiple tools do not equal the average of the multiple weeks accumulated average reliability metrics of these tools. We show how the number of required sampled tools increases when the reliability performance is improved and quantify the larger number of sampled tools required when a tighter margin of error or higher confidence level is needed.

scholarly journals Study on the Confidence and Reliability of the Mean Seismic Probability Risk Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiao-Lei Wang ◽  
Da-Gang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Risk

The mean seismic probability risk model has widely been used in seismic design and safety evaluation of critical infrastructures. In this paper, the confidence levels analysis and error equations derivation of the mean seismic probability risk model are conducted. It has been found that the confidence levels and error values of the mean seismic probability risk model are changed for different sites and that the confidence levels are low and the error values are large for most sites. Meanwhile, the confidence levels of ASCE/SEI 43-05 design parameters are analyzed and the error equation of achieved performance probabilities based on ASCE/SEI 43-05 is also obtained. It is found that the confidence levels for design results obtained using ASCE/SEI 43-05 criteria are not high, which are less than 95%, while the high confidence level of the uniform risk could not be achieved using ASCE/SEI 43-05 criteria and the error values between risk model with target confidence level and mean risk model using ASCE/SEI 43-05 criteria are large for some sites. It is suggested that the seismic risk model considering high confidence levels instead of the mean seismic probability risk model should be used in the future.

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