Using Over-The-Counter And Other Prescription Medications To Potentiate Opiates In The USA: Literature Review. Medical And Public Health Aspects Of OTC Medication Misuse

Hot flashes are the cardinal symptom of menopause and can be treated with hormonal and nonhormonal prescription medications. However, considering that 6000 women enter menopause daily in the USA, and many of these women are symptomatic, the costs of these treatments can be a significant public health issue. We evaluated annual individual and population costs of hormonal and nonhormonal prescription treatments for hot flashes. Cost information may be helpful to clinicians and consumers in making treatment decisions.

Download Full-text

The impact of violence in public health: literature review

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.1480-10071-1-le.0404spe201013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1935

Author(s):

Rodrigo Assis Neves Dantas ◽

Glaucea Maciel de Farias ◽

Karolina De Moura Manso Da Rocha ◽

Isabel Karolyne Fernandes Costa ◽

Rafaela Costa de Medeiros

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Literature Review ◽

Social Science ◽

Production Method ◽

The Usa ◽

Web Of Knowledge ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

National Newspaper ◽

Study Type ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective: to characterize the national and international scientific production, about violence and public health, published from 2005 to July 2009, as the year, type of approach, study type, language, country, thematic, coverage and related production. Method: literature review, held from May to July 2009 through a structured form in databases VHL/BIREME (LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF, PAHO, DESASTRES, REPIDISCA, ADOLEC) PubMed, Evidence Portal of the Virtual Health Library and ISI Web of Knowledge, during the period 2005 to July 2009. Were found 34 full articles, being 5 in LILACS, 1 in the DESASTRES, 1 in REPIDISCA, 27 in ISI Web of Knowledge. Results: Of these, 11 (32.4%) in 2008, 15 (44.1%) used a qualitative approach, 16 (47.1%) descriptive, 30 (88.2%) in English, 16 (47.1%) in the USA, and with international range (94.1%). About the issue, we highlighted the violence against women with 7 (20.6%), the national newspaper that published more was Ciência & Saúde Coletiva with 5 publications (14.7%) while the international prevailed Social Science & Medicine with 3 (8.8%) production. Conclusion: The scientific literature on the impact of violence on public health is still scarce, but, within the period surveyed, there has been a gradual growth of publications that touch on this subject. Descriptors: violence; public health; publications; nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar a produção científica, nacional e internacional, sobre violência e saúde pública, publicada no período de 2005 a julho de 2009, quanto ao ano, tipo de abordagem, tipo de estudo, idioma, país, temática, abrangência e periódico veiculado. Método: pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada de maio a julho de 2009 através de formulário estruturado, nas bases de dados da BVS/BIREME (LILACS, MEDLINE, SCIELO, BDENF, PAHO, DESASTRES, REPIDISCA, ADOLEC), PubMed, Portal de Evidências da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e no ISI Web of Knowledge, durante o período de 2005 a julho de 2009. Foram encontrados 34 artigos completos, sendo 5 no LILACS, 1 no DESASTRES, 1 no REPIDISCA, 27 no ISI Web of Knowledge. Resultados: destes, 11 (32,4%) no de 2008, 15 (44,1%) abordagem qualitativa, 16 (47,1%) descritivos, 30 (88,2%) em inglês, 16 (47,1%) realizados nos EUA, e com abrangência internacional (94,1%). Quanto temática, destacou-se a violência contra a mulher com 7 (20,6%), no periódico Ciência & Saúde Coletiva com 5 publicações (14,7%), já no internacional, prevaleceu a Social Science & Medicine com 3 (8,8%) produções. Conclusão: a produção científica sobre a violência e saúde pública ainda é escassa, porém tem havido um gradativo crescimento das publicações. Descritores: violência; saúde pública; publicações; enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: caracterizar la producción científica, nacional e internacional, acerca de la violencia y la salud pública, publicados entre 2005 y julio de 2009, no que hace respecto al año, tipo de abordaje, tipo de estudio, idioma, país, la cobertura temática y el periódico publicado. Método: revisión de la literatura, que se realizó en el período de mayo y julio 2009 a través de un impreso estructurado, en bases de datos de la BVS/BIREME (LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF, PAHO, DESASTRES, REPIDISCA y ADOLEC), PubMed, Portal de Evidencias de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y el ISI Web of Knowledge, durante el período de 2005 a julio de 2009. Fueron encontrados 34 artículos completos, siendo 5 en el LILACS, 1 en el DESASTRE, 1 en REPIDISCA y 27 en el ISI Web of Knowledge. Resultados: de estos, 11 (32,4%) en 2008, 15 (44,1%) utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, 16 (47,1%) eran descriptivos, 30 (88,2%) en Inglés, 16 (47,1%) realizados en los EEUU, y con cobertura internacional (94,1%). Cuanto la cobertura temática, se destacó la violencia contra las mujeres con 7 (20,6%), el periódico nacional que más publicó fue Ciencia y Salud Coletiva con 5 publicaciones (14,7%), mientras los internacionales, prevaleció el Social Science & Medicine con 3 (8,8%) producciones. Conclusión: La literatura científica acerca del impacto de la violencia en la salud pública aun es escasa, pero, dentro del período de la pesquisa, se ha percibido un crecimiento gradual de las publicaciones que tratan de este tema. Descriptores: violencia; salud pública; publicaciones; enfermería.

Download Full-text

Building Capacity of the Public Health Education Workforce Through Partnerships

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v1i1.380 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Mark Tomita

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Health Education ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Professional Associations ◽

State University ◽

Cd Rom ◽

The Public ◽

Prevention Services ◽

The Usa

The Global Health Disparities CD-ROM Project reaffirmed the value of professional associations partnering with academic institutions to build capacity of the USA public health education workforce to meet the challenges of primary prevention services. The Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) partnered with the California State University, Chico to produce a CD-ROM that would advocate for global populations that are affected by health disparities while providing primary resources for public health educators to use in programming and professional development. The CD-ROM development process is discussed

Download Full-text

Building Capacity of the Public Health Education Workforce Through Partnerships: The Global Health Disparities CD-ROM Project

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v1i1.218 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Mark Tomita

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Health Education ◽

Global Health ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Professional Associations ◽

State University ◽

Cd Rom ◽

Prevention Services ◽

The Usa

The Global Health Disparities CD-ROM Project reaffirmed the value of professional associations partnering with academic institutions to build capacity of the USA public health education workforce to meet the challenges of primary prevention services. The Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) partnered with the California State University, Chico to produce a CD-ROM that would advocate for global populations that are affected by health disparities while providing primary resources for public health educators to use in programming and professional development. The CD-ROM development process is discussed.

Download Full-text

373 Historical Use of Substances for Insomnia Impacts Current Beliefs about Hypnotic Medications

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.372 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A148-A149

Author(s):

Jessica Dietch ◽

Norah Simpson ◽

Joshua Tutek ◽

Isabelle Tully ◽

Elizabeth Rangel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prescription Medication ◽

Stepped Care ◽

Future Research ◽

Prescription Medications ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Multiple Treatment ◽

History Of ◽

Study Participants ◽

Beliefs About Medications ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between current beliefs about hypnotic medications and historical use of prescription hypnotic medications or non-prescription substances for sleep (i.e., over the counter [OTC] medications, alcohol, and cannabis). Methods Participants were 142 middle age and older adults with insomnia (M age = 62.9 [SD = 8.1]; 71.1% female) enrolled in the RCT of the Effectiveness of Stepped-Care Sleep Therapy In General Practice (RESTING) study. Participants reported on history of substances they have tried for insomnia and completed the Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire-Specific with two subscales assessing beliefs about 1) the necessity for hypnotics, and 2) concerns about potential adverse consequences of hypnotics. Participants were grouped based on whether they had used no substances for sleep (No Subs, 11.6%), only prescription medications (Rx Only, 9.5%), only non-prescription substances (NonRx Only, 26.6%), or both prescription and non-prescription substances (Both, 52.3%). Results Sixty-one percent of the sample had used prescription medication for sleep and 79% had used non-prescription substances (74% OTC medication, 23% alcohol, 34% cannabis). The greater number of historical substances endorsed, the stronger the beliefs about necessity of hypnotics, F(1,140)=23.3, p<.001, but not about concerns. Substance groups differed significantly on necessity beliefs, F(3,1)=10.68, p<.001; post-hocs revealed the Both group had stronger beliefs than the No and NonRx Only groups. Substance groups also differed significantly on the concerns subscale, F(3,1)=6.68, p<.001; post-hocs revealed the NonRx Only group had stronger harm beliefs than the other three groups. Conclusion The majority of the sample had used both prescription and non-prescription substances to treat insomnia. Historical use of substances for treating insomnia was associated with current beliefs about hypnotics. Individuals who had used both prescription and non-prescription substances for sleep in the past had stronger beliefs about needing hypnotics to sleep at present, which may reflect a pattern of multiple treatment failures. Individuals who had only tried non-prescription substances for sleep may have specifically sought alternative substances due to concerns about using hypnotics. Future research should seek to understand the impact of treatment history on engagement in and benefit from non-medication-based treatment for insomnia. Support (if any) 1R01AG057500; 2T32MH019938-26A1

Download Full-text

Donald Trump, the Christian Right and COVID-19: The Politics of Religious Freedom

Laws ◽

10.3390/laws10010006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Jeffrey Haynes

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Religious Freedom ◽

Christian Right ◽

Law School ◽

Donald Trump ◽

Legal Cases ◽

Liberty University ◽

The Usa

This paper examines the issue of religious freedom in the USA during the coronavirus pandemic of 2020–2021, during the presidency of Donald Trump (2017–2021). It contends that the ability of state governors to close religious places of worship illustrates both the limits on the power of the president and that public health can take supremacy over religious freedom in today’s America. The paper is organised as follows: first, we identify the importance of religious freedom for the more than 20 million Americans who self-classify as Christian evangelicals. Second, we assess the transactional importance that President Trump placed on Christian evangelicals’ religious freedom. Third, we look at one kind of Christian evangelicals—that is, Christian nationalists—to see how they regarded restrictions on their religious behaviour caused by COVID-19. Fourth, we briefly examine several recent legal cases brought against the governors of California and Illinois by the Liberty Counsel, the leading Christian evangelical legal firm in the USA. Led by Matthew Staver, Dean of the Liberty University Law School, Liberty Counsel regularly represents Christian nationalists who challenge state-imposed restrictions on religious gatherings during the coronavirus pandemic.

Download Full-text

Empowering Nurses: Communicating Potential Medication Misuse

Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association ◽

10.1177/10783903211028635 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107839032110286

Author(s):

Kelly A. Carlson ◽

Corey E. Potter

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Nursing Education ◽

Interdisciplinary Communication ◽

Health Care Team ◽

Nursing Leadership ◽

Care Team ◽

Survey Study ◽

Prescription Medications ◽

Medication Misuse ◽

Education Practice

BACKGROUND In nursing education and practice, we prepare nurses on topics such as patient care, pathophysiology, pharmacology, nursing leadership, and nursing competencies. Unfortunately, we may be missing the mark when it comes to integrating these topics and applying them to situations that arise in health care such as medication misuse. Nurses work intimately with patients and can recognize potential medication misuse by reviewing medication regimens and assessing necessity of PRN patient requests. In cases where nurses suspect misuse, they may or may not feel comfortable addressing these concerns with other members of the health care team. AIMS Study aims were to assess the baseline of whether nurses are comfortable with their level of skill to recognize potential patient medication misuse and to assess nurses’ comfortability with communicating these concerns with other nurses, providers, and patients. METHODS This survey study was designed to obtain practical information about nurses understanding of misused and diverted prescription medications and level of comfort with expressing concerns about the use of central nervous system depressants to inform education, practice, and research. Three-hundred and fifty nurses at one hospital were invited to participate in an anonymous REDCap survey. RESULTS Thirty-five percent of the surveyed nurses returned the survey. Responding nurses were more comfortable sharing their own knowledge and the need for more education on the topic than they were discussing interdisciplinary communication. CONCLUSIONS Empowering nurses to communicate this knowledge with others on the health care team has major public health implications to reduce the negative outcomes of misused medications.

Download Full-text