scholarly journals Cytogenetic in Vivo Effects of The Aqueous Extract of Raphanus Sativus L. Leaves in Mitosis of the Meristematic Cells of \Onion Roots

2020 ◽  
pp. 2189-2195
Author(s):  
Rasha Kareem Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

The current study included the preparation of the aqueous extract of Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae), commonly known as radish which is widely available throughout the world and has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. The study was designed to evaluate the in vivo cytogenetic activity of the crude aqueous extract of R. sativus on mitosis on Allium cepa root tips as a plant test system. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude aqueous extract (0.00, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/ml). The study included a number of cytogenetic analyses such as mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. The data showed that this extract led to reducing the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%. Specifically, when treated with 10 and 40 mg/ml the mitotic index reached 23.72 % and 41.89 %, respectively. This reduction is considered to have toxic and sublethal effects. The extract caused an arrest of the cells at metaphase (c-metaphase) with a high percentage of 80.76% at 5 mg/ml, along with chromosomal aberrations including sticky metaphase, polar deviation, and bridges in anaphase.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE CRUDE SAPONINS OF Yucca elephantipesL. LEAVESONTHE Allium cepa L. ROOT TIPS MITOSIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-549
Author(s):  
Mohammed & Najem
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Plant Test

 This study was aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of the crude saponinsof Yucca elephantipes leaves on mitosis. The root tips of Allium cepa L. were used as plant test system in vivo. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude saponins (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/ml). This study were included some cytogenetic diagnosis included mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. Results showed that saponins reduced the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%, specifically when treated with 12.5,25 or 50 mg/ ml mitotic index reached 25.48, 17.98, 18.81% respectively, this reduction was considered toxic and sub lethal. Saponins arrested chromosomes at metaphase (c-metaphase) up to 100% at 6.25 mg/ml and chromosomal aberrations including micronuclei and nuclear lesion (chromatin lesion) in prophase and interphase at the concentrations 25 and 50 mg/l recorded 1.30-8.30%.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic effect of crude aqueous extract from leaf of Lycium barbarum on root tip of Allium cepa L.

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-499
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

This study was carried out to investigate the cytogenetic effects of crude aqueous extract of Lycium barbarum on the roots tip of Allium cepa Using three concentration 125, 25, 50 mg/ ml for 2, 4, 6 hours treatment periods.This study were included some cytogenetic analysis such as mitotic index , phase index and chromosome aberration. The data showed that the treatment with 50mg/ml for 6huors led to reduce the mitotic index less than 50% . This reduction considered to have toxic and sublethal effect . These results revealed mutagenic potency by inducing differents type of chromosome aberration.

scholarly journals Effect of the aqueous extract of Banana Fruits Peal Musa paradisiaca on Mitosis in Plant and Mammalian cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 858-866
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Albino Mice

The aqueous extract of banana fruits peal was tested for its effect on mitosis . The root tips of Allium cepa were used as plant test system and the bone marrow cells of the albino mice Mus musculus were used as mammalians test system in vivo .Root tips of Allium cepa were treated for four hours with five concentrations of the extract (5 , 10 , 20 , 40 ,60 mg / ml.).The Metaphase was arrested in all the treatments , the highest percentage ( 100 % ) was recorded in the first concentration , the last concentration caused stickiness and clumping of the chromosomes. The treatments did not cause significant difference in the mitotic index. The peals extract (5 mg /ml) was compared with the extracts of fruits bulb, leaves and roots of banana plant, it was found that the extract of fruits peal is the best considering the highest percentages of arrested Metaphase in the root tips cells. The albino mice Mus musculus were injected intraperitonial with the peals extract ( 0.01 , 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mg / gm body weight), the percentages of arrested Metaphase in the bone marrow of these animals were comparable to the recorded percentages when the animals were injected with colchicine ( 0.01 mg / gm b.w.) .This study revealed the antimitotic activity of the aqueous extract of banana fruits peal on both the plant and mammalian cells in vivo. Studies will be conducted to investigate the effect of the extract and its components on the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis and Pharmacological Effects of Artemisia ludoviciana Aqueous Extract and Compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201
Author(s):  
Isabel Rivero-Cruz ◽  
Gerardo Anaya-Eugenio ◽  
Araceli Pérez-Vásquez ◽  
Ana Laura Martínez ◽  
Rachel Mata
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Artemisia Ludoviciana ◽  
Dose Dependent

Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. (Asteraceae) is widely used in Mexican folk medicine for treating inflammation, diabetes and painful complaints. The in vivo antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antihyperalgesic activities of an aqueous extract (AE) of the plant were investigated using well-known animal models. AE reduced the licking time in the formalin test in healthy and NA-STZ mice; the activity was better during the inflammatory phase; accordingly, it displayed significant antiinflammatory when tested at the same doses using the carrageenan-induced oedema model. AE also produced a significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in the hot plate test at 100 and 316 mg/kg (p.o.). Phytochemical analysis of the non-polar fraction of AE resulted in the isolation of two major lactones [achillin (1) and dehydroleucodin (2)], which showed antiinflammatory effect, being 2 the most active at 17.7 mg/kg. A suitable analytical method was successfully developed and validated to quantify 1 and 2. Altogether, these results tend to support the medicinal uses of the plant.

‘In vivo’ and ‘in vitro’ activity of Larrea divaricata Cav. on EL-4 cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Davicino ◽  
Rosario Alonso ◽  
Claudia Anesini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Stimulatory Action ◽  
T Lymphoma ◽  
Larrea Divaricata

Larrea divaricata is a plant widely used in folk medicine in Argentina. It has been demonstrated that an aqueous extract of L. divaricata possesses a biphasic effect on cell proliferation, at low concentrations exerts a stimulatory action and at high concentrations exerts anti-proliferative effects upon the T lymphoma BW 5147; therefore, we propose in this paper to test the effect of the extract ‘in vitro’ and ‘in vivo’ in another T-cell lymphoma named EL-4. It was analyzed ‘in vitro’ cell proliferation by tritiated thymidine uptake and the effect of the extract on tumors induced in mice analyzing tumor progression and survival.The results showed that the aqueous extract induced the proliferation of tumor cells at all the concentrations studied. The results ‘in vivo’ showed that the aqueous extract stimulated significantly the size of tumors and that untreated mice lived longer than those treated. It is important to be very careful when plant extracts are selected for the treatment of several diseases. Consequently, before using a plant extract, specific scientific studies must be undertaken on different models to certificate therapeutic and adverse effects. Moreover, it can be said that L. divaricata has a specific anti-tumor mechanism of action depending on the targets.

scholarly journals Study the effect of Interaction between metronidazole and Pelargonium odoratissimum aquatic extracts in vivo and in vitro on mammalian cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Mayassa F. AL_Romani ◽  
Khulood AL_Samarrae ◽  
Esmail Shubber
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Human Blood Lymphocyte

The present study was designed to investigate the role of P. odoratissimum aquatic extracts in reducing the genotoxic effects of metronidazole in mice in vivo and human blood lymphocyte in vitro. The parametrers which evaluated in mice were used: mitotic index and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow, while for human blood lymphocyte were mitotic index, blast index, replicative index, sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations. The cytogenetic effects of the drug and plant aquatic extracts were investigated after four days of oral administration for mice with metronidazole and aqueous extract at doses 400mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively while the concentrations of metronidazole and aqueous extract in human blood lymphocyte culture was 80µg/ml, and 10µg/ml respectively. An interaction study of plant extract with metronidazole was carried out through three types of treatments (before, after and mixture of plant extract and drug treatment) to determine the activity of P. odoratissimum aqueous extract in reducing the side effects of drug both in vitro and in vivo. Aquatic extract of P.odoratissimum at the concentration of 10µg/ml, showed a protective value against the genotoxic effect of metronidazole at 80µg/ml. concentration .In mouse bone marrow cells and human blood lymphocyte culture, this was more pronounced in pre-treatment and simultaneous treatment than in post-treatment. So P. odoratissimum aquatic extract is considered as desmutagen in the first order and bioantimutagen in the second order, as a result for its ability to repair CA and increase MI in mouse system and in human blood lymphocyte culture system . It also had the ability to increase BI and RI and decrease SCE in human blood lymphocytes culture in vitro.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities of the Aqueous Extract fromPlectranthus amboinicus(Lour.) Spreng. BothIn VitroandIn Vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Jia Chiu ◽  
Tai-Hung Huang ◽  
Chuan-Sung Chiu ◽  
Tsung-Chun Lu ◽  
Ya-Wen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Plectranthus amboinicus(Lour.) Spreng. is a native Labiatae plant of Taiwan. The plants are commonly used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of cough, fever, sore throats, mumps, and mosquito bite. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic and antiinflammatory properties of the aqueous extract fromPlectranthus amboinicus(PA)in vivoandin vitro. PA inhibited pain induced by acetic acid and formalin, and inflammation induced by carrageenan. The anti-inflammatory effect of PA was related to modulating antioxidant enzymes' activities in the liver and decreasing the Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) in edema-paw tissue in mice.In vitrostudies show that PA inhibited the proinflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). PA blocked the degradation of IκB-αand nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit. Finally, the amount of carvacrol in the aqueous extract of PA was 1.88 mg/g extract. Our findings suggest that PA has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. These effects were mediated by inhibiting the proinflammatory mediators through blocking NF-κB activation. Meanwhile, the effects observed in this study provide evidence for folkloric uses ofPlectranthus amboinicus(Lour.) Spreng. in relieving pain and inflammation.

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