scholarly journals La empresa social en Bélgica: Diversidad de fuentes, modelos y campos

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Benjamin Huybrechts
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
Introductory Section ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Venture ◽  
Legal Forms

<p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY">Este artículo está estructurado como sigue: la primera sección introductoria revisa las principales <span lang="es-ES">raíces</span> históricas que han conducido a la emergencia de una diversidad de modelos relacionados con la empresa social y a la economía social en Bélgica. Enseguida, la segunda sección esboza los principales aspectos de esos modelos en relación a sus formas legales, tipos de misión social a las que se orientan, dinámicas de gobierno y recursos. En la tercera sección, esos modelos son ilustrados in diferentes <span lang="es-ES">campos</span> de actividad, tanto establecidos como emergentes. Finalmente, la cuarta sección propone un análisis transversal de los principales tendencias y desafíos que enfrenta el desarrollo y coexistencia de los diferentes modelos.</p><p align="JUSTIFY">Palabras clave: Economía Social, tradición cooperativa, tradición asociativa, nueva economía social, social venture</p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>Social entreprise in Belgium: a diversity of roots, models and fiels</em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>This working paper is structured as follows. The first introductory section reviews the main historical roots that have led to the emergence of a diversity of models related to social enterprise and the social economy in Belgium. Next, the second section sketches the main features of these models in terms of legal forms, types of social missions addressed, governance dynamics and resources. In the third section, these models are then illustrated in different fields of activity both established and emerging. Finally, the fourth section proposes a transversal analysis of the main trends and challenges facing the development and coexistence of the different models.</em><br /><em></em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>Keywords: Social Economy, cooperative tradition, associative tradition, new social economy, social venture </em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals Employer supported volunteering programs in large corporations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Meinhard ◽  
Femida Handy ◽  
Itay Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Third Sector

The term Social Economy has been used for years to describe a segment of the economy that is neither driven by the profit motives of private interests, nor owned by the state to serve public interests. Often referred to as the third sector, (distinct from the private for-profit sector and public sector) it defies clear boundaries (Moulaert & Ailenei, 2005). Thus definitions of the social economy vary. In the US the term social economy is not used at all; there the third sector refers strictly to organizations that adhere to the non-distribution-of-profits rule stipulated by the US Internal Revenue System (Graefe, 2006). In Quebec, the term Social Economy has been in use for several decades, but refers to a partnership between state and third sector organizations and an exercise in stemming the tide of neo-liberal globalization (Graefe, 2001). In Ontario and the rest of Canada, reference to a Social Economy is more recent and the concept is applied in a broader manner, in keeping with some European notions of the Social Economy (Fonatan & Shragge, 1997). This broader conceptualization eschews strict adherence to non-distribution stipulations and includes cooperatives and social enterprises in addition to nonprofit organizations. Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation:

scholarly journals Employer supported volunteering programs in large corporations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Meinhard ◽  
Femida Handy ◽  
Itay Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Third Sector

The term Social Economy has been used for years to describe a segment of the economy that is neither driven by the profit motives of private interests, nor owned by the state to serve public interests. Often referred to as the third sector, (distinct from the private for-profit sector and public sector) it defies clear boundaries (Moulaert & Ailenei, 2005). Thus definitions of the social economy vary. In the US the term social economy is not used at all; there the third sector refers strictly to organizations that adhere to the non-distribution-of-profits rule stipulated by the US Internal Revenue System (Graefe, 2006). In Quebec, the term Social Economy has been in use for several decades, but refers to a partnership between state and third sector organizations and an exercise in stemming the tide of neo-liberal globalization (Graefe, 2001). In Ontario and the rest of Canada, reference to a Social Economy is more recent and the concept is applied in a broader manner, in keeping with some European notions of the Social Economy (Fonatan & Shragge, 1997). This broader conceptualization eschews strict adherence to non-distribution stipulations and includes cooperatives and social enterprises in addition to nonprofit organizations. Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation:

scholarly journals Social Cooperatives' Ways of Operation Activity in Poland — Some Features of Theory and Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Duraj
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Human And Social Capital

The social cooperative is one the newest organizational-legal forms of social enterprise. Its growth is caused by many determinants. One of them is the necessity of the prevention of social exclusion. Social cooperatives’ exceptionality is reflected in simultaneous realization of economic and social purposes but social goals owns the preference character. The paper is composed of three parts. Its first part contains deliberations about the concept itself and objectives of the social cooperative. They are presented against a wider background of human and social capital creation by enterprises. The second part deals with social and economic characteristics of the social cooperative. Finally, the third part contains fragmentary findings of empirical studies focused on the operation of social cooperatives in Poland. These findings cannot be treated, however, as sufficient to consider them a satisfactory recapitulation, and for this reason they should be treated as a preliminary diagnosis of analyzed problems accompanying the operation of social cooperatives in Poland.

A Social Enterprise Company in EU Organisational Law?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
J S LIPTRAP
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Social ◽  
Proposal A

Abstract This article explores the European Parliament's July 2018 non-legislative resolution proposing to the European Commission a directive for facilitating social enterprise companies’ cross-border activities. The proposal is first situated within the context of the social economy and how the sector has grown in importance to European integration. The proposal and the European Commission's response are then examined. Although the European Commission was not convinced that Member States would be amenable to the proposal, a consensus may already exist that is sufficient to garner their support. Even if this prediction is wrong, however, it is argued that there are reasons to surmise that the proposal will likely be reassessed and ultimately successful at some future point. Finally, the proposal is viewed with a reflexive harmonisation lens. Through the analysis, regulatory issues are identified, and a solution is then suggested.

The Concept of Political Equality: A Post-Dahl Analysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Ware
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Theory ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Introductory Section ◽  
Conservative Nature ◽  
Three Components

This article presents an analysis of the concept of political equality that is derived partly from the analysis of Robert Dahl. Following an introductory section, the conservative nature of Dahl's idea of political equality is outlined from four perspectives. With the last of these perspectives, a distinction between ‘populist’ and ‘liberal’ theories of democracy is introduced. In the third section it is argued that there are three components of political equality within a liberal theory, and the fourth section is devoted to an analysis of one of these—equality of treatment in the promotion of interests.

Transitioning towards low carbon solidarity economies?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter North
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Public ◽  
Diverse Economies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Socially Excluded

Building on the diverse economies perspective of JK Gibson-Graham, this chapter discusses how conceptions of just and sustainable economies in the context of the Anthropocene can be generated and, more importantly, performed through social and solidarity economies in the global North. It reviews concepts of the SSE in the global North, and discusses the extent that the UK social economy sector has been tamed and neoliberalised as more antagonistic conceptions of co-operative and grassroots economies created by green and socialist activists in the 1970s and 1980s have been transformed into neoliberal conceptions of social enterprise, with an inbuilt assumption that the private sector is more effective than the public. It discusses how in conditions of austerity social enterprise can legitimate the abandonment of socially excluded communities, and that to counter this, the social economy sector in the UK should develop more antagonistic perspectives, learning from Latin Americans. Finally, it discusses the contribution of Transition Initiatives in rekindling conceptions of grassroots sustainable economies.

Sociálne podnikanie v európskom poľnohospodárstve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristína Gendová ◽  
Marcela Chrenková
Keyword(s):  
Social Economy ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Legal Forms

The social economy provides participation of local actors in territorial development and local collective economic activity in order to increase quality of life of the population. This sector is highly diversified, in terms of legal form, size of enterprises, sectors and impact. After 1990, the concept of multifunctional agriculture began to be implemented in the EU, according to which agriculture should fulfill, among others, a social and cultural-social function. To a greater or lesser extent, agriculture had a social function in the past. This role is currently extended and supported by the concept of social agriculture. The aim of the paper is to examine the scope of social entrepreneurship and agriculture as a part of the social economy and its legal forms and types in European countries. The main sources of data for the preparation of the paper were the European Commission's country reports entitled Social Enterprises and Their Ecosystems in Europe (2020) and OECD analytical materials. Main result of the research is the finding that the diversity of the social economy, based on the historical background of its development in individual countries, is extensive. Legal forms are regionally specific. The cooperative form is the most widespread legal form of the social economy. There are specific types of cooperatives in countries. Cooperatives are located more in the countryside (associations and foundations are relevant for the urban environment). Social agriculture widely operates in the cooperative form.

The Telework as an Organizational Innovation in the Entities of the Third Sector

2017 ◽  
pp. 570-584
Author(s):  
Ángel Belzunegui ◽  
Amaya Erro-Garcés ◽  
Inma Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Response Capacity ◽  
Traditional Organization ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Third Sector

This article discusses the role of the telework as an organizational innovation incorporated to the activities of the third sector as well as in the creation of networks and links between these entities. The telework has become a tool that has produced important changes in the traditional organization of the work, and has improved the inter- and intra-organizational communication, in addition to promoting the creation of extensive networks of collaboration in the third sector. The online connection and the provision made in telework mode have also served for the creation of a higher density of contacts between the entities that are grouped in the third sector, done so that it benefits the transmission of information and collaborative practices in providing services to the citizens. Its effectiveness consists in the speed that prints the response capacity of the social economy entities.

Writing History: Problems of Neutrality

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-126
Author(s):  
Donald Bloxham
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Value Neutrality ◽  
Made In

Part 2 Writing History: Problems of Neutrality This Part of the book challenges widespread assumptions that, where it matters, it is possible or desirable for historians to avoid value judgements and the sorts of evocative descriptions that imply or could reasonably be expected to prompt such judgements. The first section distinguishes between History and particular traditions within the social sciences in order to show why the ‘rules’ about moral evaluation can be different in these differing endeavours. The second section establishes the widespread existence of evocations and evaluations in the very labelling and description of many historical phenomena, suggesting not just how peculiar works of History would look in their absence of evocations and appraisals, but that their absence would often distort what is being reported. These arguments are key to the distinction made in the third section about rejecting value neutrality as a governing ideal while insisting on truthfulness as a historian’s primary duty. The fourth section highlights the nature of most historical accounts as composites of a range of perspectives as it considers questions of context, agency, outcome, and experience. The composition gives rise to the overall impression, evaluative or evocative, provided by the work. The fifth section brings together a number of the chapter’s themes as it examines an important case of the historian’s judgement—judgement about the legitimacy of power in past worlds where legitimacy could be as contested as often today.

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