scholarly journals Effect of Eleutherine americana Merr. bulb extract on blood pressure and heart rate in anesthetized hypertensive rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Yori Yuliandra ◽  
Rizki Oktarini ◽  
Armenia Armenia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

The effect of ethanolic extract of Eleutherine americana Merr. on the blood pressure and heart rate has been investigated. A number of 25 Sprague-Dawley male rats were induced with prednisone 1.5 mg/kg in combination with saline solution 2.5% for 14 days to obtain hypertension model. The rats were anesthetized and prepared for the recording of blood pressure and heart rate. The rats were divided into five groups receiving 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract, vehicle control, and captopril 30 mg/kg as the reference. The treatment was administered three times with 30 minutes interval. The systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded. The data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s MRT (95% confidence interval). The study revealed that the extract exhibited a blood pressure lowering effect. The best antihypertensive activity of the extract was shown by the dose of 100 mg/kg. Meanwhile, HR was also affected inversely by the treatment, in which the lowest dose caused the highest increase. The study suggests that the extract of Eleutherine americana exhibits antihypertensive activity that may be potential for future development of drugs. 

Estrogen enhances baroreflex control of heart rate in conscious ovariectomized rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M El-Mas ◽  
Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Baroreflex Function ◽  
Vehicle Treatment

In previous studies, we have shown that the baroreflex control of heart rate is significantly attenuated in females compared with age-matched males. This study investigated the role of estrogen in the modulation of baroreflex function in conscious unrestrained rats. Baroreflex-mediated decreases in heart rate in response to increments in blood pressure evoked by phenylephrine were evaluated in conscious freely moving male and female Sprague-Dawley rats as well as in ovariectomized rats. The effect of a 2-day 17 beta -estradiol (50 µg ·kg-1 ·day-1, s.c.) or vehicle treatment on baroreflex sensitivity was investigated in ovariectomized rats. Intravenous bolus doses of phenylephrine (1-16 µg/kg) elicited dose-dependent pressor and bradycardic responses in all groups of rats. Regression analysis of the baroreflex curves relating increments in blood pressure to the associated heart rate responses revealed a significantly (p < 0.05) smaller baroreflex sensitivity in female compared with male rats (-1.22 ± 0.07 and -1.85 ± 0.15 beats ·min-1 ·mmHg-1, respectively), suggesting an attenuated baroreflex function in females. In age-matched ovariectomized rats, baroreflex sensitivity showed further reduction (-0.93 ± 0.02 beats ·min-1 ·mmHg-1). Treatment of ovariectomized rats with 17 beta -estradiol significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the baroreflex sensitivity (-1.41 ± 0.16 beats ·min-1 ·mmHg-1) to a level that was slightly higher than that of sham-operated female rats. Furthermore, baroreflex sensitivity of ovariectomized estradiol-treated rats was not significantly different from that of age-matched male rats. The vehicle, on the other hand, had no effect on baroreflex sensitivity of ovariectomized rats. These data support our earlier findings that sexual dimorphism exists in baroreflex control of heart rate. More importantly, the present study provides experimental evidence that suggests a facilitatory role for estrogen in the modulation of baroreflex function.Key words: rat, gender, baroreflex sensitivity, 17 beta -estradiol, ovariectomy.

Parathyroidectomy significantly decreases hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive and deoxycorticosterone plus saline treated rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Gairard ◽  
Alain Berthelot ◽  
René Schleiffer ◽  
Fanny Pernot
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Shr Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Normal Serum Calcium

In male Sprague–Dawley rats, hypertensive development was diminished for 10 weeks when parathyroidectomy (PTX) was performed 1 week before deoxycorticosterone plus saline (DOCA + NaCl) treatment. In young spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR, Okamoto strain) parathyroidectomy performed after weaning lessened hypertensive levels and lowered heart rate for 24 weeks. When mineralocorticoid or genetic hypertension was established, parathyroidectomy did not significantly change blood pressure levels. High dietary calcium in PTX–SHR rats reestablished normal serum calcium but not systolic blood pressure to the level of sham SHR. From our present and previously reported results, it appears that the parathyroid gland is necessary for the total development of hypertension in both models.

Characterization of the Possible Mechanisms Underlying the Hypotensive and Spasmogenic Effects of Loranthus ferrugineus Methanolic Extract

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 991-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Z. Ameer ◽  
Ibrahim M. Salman ◽  
Mohammad Jamshed A. Siddiqui ◽  
Mun F. Yam ◽  
Raghava N. Sriramaneni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Stimulation Of

In the present study, L. ferrugineus methanol extract (LFME) was evaluated for its blood pressure lowering effect in anesthetized normotensive Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and its spasmogenic effect in isolated guinea pig ileum. The possible mechanism(s) of action were also investigated. LFME was obtained by Soxhlet extraction. The rats were fasted overnight and anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone (60 mg/kg i.p.). LFME was administered in i.v. boluses in the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively, with concomitant monitoring of mean arterial pressure (MAP). It was found that LFME dose-dependently reduced MAP. An i.v. bolus injection of atropine significantly decreased the blood pressure lowering effect of LFME. Similarly, L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) significantly lowered both the MAP and the action duration. Conversely, no significant change in MAP was seen following i.v. injections of neostigmine, hexamethonium, prazosin and propranolol. LFME also produced a dose-dependent contractile effect in guinea pig ileum. This contraction was significantly reduced in atropine pre-incubated tissue segments, yet it was significantly enhanced in the presence of neostigmine. No appreciable change in the ability of LFME to contract guinea pig ileum was seen in the presence of hexamethonium. Accordingly, it can be postulated that LFME possesses a marked hypotensive effect that can be attributed to stimulation of muscarinic receptors and/or stimulation of nitric oxide (NO) release. Moreover, LFME retains a considerable spasmogenic action due to its cholinergic properties. The hypotensive and spasmogenic effects of LFME justify its traditional uses.

scholarly journals ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BULB ELEUTHERINE AMERICANA MERR ON FRUCTOSE-INDUCED HYPERTENSION RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Patonah Hasimun ◽  
Hasballah Zakaria ◽  
Elis Susilawati ◽  
Jeany Dwiyulia Wardiono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate ethanolic extract of bulb of Eleutherine americana Merr as antihypertensive.Methods: This study examined the effect of ethanol extract of bulb of Eleutherine americana Merr on urine volume, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) profile. Diuretic activity was evaluated by the Lipschitz method. Furosemide (3.6 mg/kg) used as standard drug. Animal rats model of hypertension were induced by fructose 66% in the diet for 21 d. Captopril (2.5 mg/kg) used as standard antihypertension. Parameters measured were urine volume for 24 h, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and electrocardiogram profile.Results: High fructose diet for 21 d reduced R-R, P-R interval of the electrocardiogram, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate compared to normal group statistically significant (p<0.05). Animals received an ethanolic extract of the bulb of Eleutherine americana Merr doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg showed lowered systolic and lowered diastolic blood pressure (except for a dose of 100 mg/kg). Dose of 25, 50 mg/kg lowered systolic blood pressure was comparable to captopril 2.5 mg/kg (p>0.05). The group received a dose of 100 mg/kg showed diuretic activity comparable to furosemide 3.6 mg/kg (p>0.05). The group received a dose of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, showed improved on R-R, P-R interval of the electrocardiogram, and heart rate.Conclusion: It can be concluded that ethanolic extract of bulb Eleutherine americana Merr play important role in regulating blood pressure, increased urine volume and improved electrocardiogram profile.

Ruta montana evokes antihypertensive activity through increase of prosta-glandins release in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Ouady Fadwa ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Vasorelaxant Activity ◽  
Ruta Montana

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate experimentally the antihypertensive effect of Ruta Montana. Background: Ruta montana L. is traditionally used in Moroccan herbal medicine to treat hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate experimentally the hypotensive and vasoactive properties of this plant. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Ruta Montana on blood pressure parameters in LNAME-induced hypertensive rats and to determine the vasorelaxant activity of this aqueous extract. Methods: The antihypertensive effect of the aqueous extract obtained from Ruta montana aerial parts (RMAPAE) (200 mg/kg) was evaluated in normal and anesthetized hypertensive rats. Blood pressure parameters (systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) and heart rate were measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. The acute and chronic effect of RMAPAE was recorded during 6 hours for the acute experiment and during 7 days for the sub-chronic test. In the other set, the vasorelaxant effect of RMAPAE on the contractile response was undertaken in isolated thoracic aorta. Results: The results indicated that RMAPAE extract significantly decreased SBP, MBP, DBP and heart rate in L-NAMEinduced hypertensive rats. Furthermore, RMAPAE was demonstrated to induce a dose dependent relaxation in the aorta precontracted with Epinephrine or KCl. More interestingly, this vasorelaxant activity of RMAPAE seems to be probably mediated through the prostaglandins pathway. Conclusion: The present study illustrates the beneficial action of Ruta montana on hypertension and supports then its use as an antihypertensive agent.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Wine Lees Phenolic Compounds Is Mediated by Endothelial-Derived Factors: Role of Sirtuin 1

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Raúl López-Fernández-Sobrino ◽  
Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda ◽  
Javier Ávila-Román ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal ◽  
Manuel Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Endothelial Gene Expression

The antihypertensive effect of wine lees powder (WLPW) from a Cabernet grape variety was related to its high content in flavanols and anthocyanins compounds. This study investigates the involvement of endothelial-derived factors and SIRT1 in its bioactivity. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were orally administered water or WLPW (125 mg/kg bw). Posteriorly, both groups were intraperitoneally administered saline, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, a prostacyclin synthesis inhibitor, or sirtinol, an inhibitor of sirtuins. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded before and 6 h after WLPW administration. In an additional experiment, SHR were administered water or WLPW and endothelial expressions of eNos, Sirt1, Nox4, and Et1 were determined. The BP-lowering properties of WLPW were abolished by L-NAME and partially reduced by indomethacin, demonstrating that WLPW antihypertensive effect was mediated by changes in NO availability, although prostacyclin also contributed to this activity. Moreover, BP-lowering effect was reduced by sirtinol, indicating that WLPW decreased BP in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Furthermore, WLPW upregulated eNos and Sirt1 and downregulated Nox4 and Et1 endothelial gene expression. These results evidence the vasoprotective effect of WLPW and show that its antihypertensive effect in SHR is endothelium dependent and mediated by SIRT1.

scholarly journals Daily inhalation of hydrogen gas has a blood pressure-lowering effect in a rat model of hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhisa Sugai ◽  
Tomoyoshi Tamura ◽  
Motoaki Sano ◽  
Shizuka Uemura ◽  
Masahiko Fujisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering

AbstractA recent clinical study demonstrated that haemodialysis with a dialysate containing hydrogen (H2) improves blood pressure control in end-stage kidney disease. Herein, we examined whether H2 has a salutary effect on hypertension in animal models. We subjected 5/6 nephrectomised rats to inhalation of either H2 (1.3% H2 + 21% O2 + 77.7% N2) or control (21% O2 + 79% N2) gas mixture for 1 h per day. H2 significantly suppressed increases in blood pressure after 5/6 nephrectomy. The anti-hypertensive effect of H2 was also confirmed in rats in a stable hypertensive state 3 weeks after nephrectomy. To examine the detailed effects of H2 on hypertension, we used an implanted telemetry system to continuously monitor blood pressure. H2 exerted an anti-hypertensive effect not only during daytime rest, but also during night-time activities. Spectral analysis of blood pressure variability revealed that H2 improved autonomic imbalance, namely by suppressing the overly active sympathetic nervous system and augmenting parasympathetic nervous system activity; these effects co-occurred with the blood pressure-lowering effect. In conclusion, 1-h daily exposure to H2 exerts an anti-hypertensive effect in an animal model of hypertension.

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