Perbandingan Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia dan Sensoris Minuman Herbal Tiwai (Eleutherine americana Merr) pada Berbagai Metode Pengeringan

Minuman herbal menjadi semakin penting setelah senyawa-senyawa metabolitnya diperoleh fungsinya bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengeringan terhadap profil FTIR, sifat fisiko kimia, antioksidan dan sensori minuman herbal tiwai. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Non Faktorial dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu pengeringan dengan oven, matahari dan pengeringan dengan sangrai. Data dianalisis sidik ragam dan uji lanjut BNT (taraf 5 %). Hasil dari FTIR serapan ikatan O-H diperoleh pada bilangan gelombang 3261-3270 cm-1, serapan ikatan O-H merupakan pembentuk senyawa fenol/flavonoid yang merupakan antioksidan pangan. Metode pengeringan minuman herbal tiwai berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap sifat sensoris hedonik dan mutu hedonik warna, aroma maupun rasa. Pembentukan warna minuman herbal tiwai paling cepat dengan metode pengeringan oven yaitu 3.67 menit. Intensitas warna tertinggi terdapat pada pengeringan sangrai dengan nilai 0.563. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi juga dihasilkan pada pengeringan sangrai 185,24 ppm.

Simple Method of 9,10-Anthraquinone Assay in Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. ex K. Heyne using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Eleutherine americana (E. americana) is a medicinal plant commonly found on the island of Borneo, Indonesia. This plant is known to have several biological activities. However, anthraquinone residues are generally present as contaminants. This study was aimed to develop a method of determining the levels of 9,10-anthraquinone in plant extracts and fractions using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The research aims to optimize the mobile phase, the system suitability test, and the system validation. The optimal mobile phase was acetonitrile:distilled water 1:1 v/v with a flow rate of 1.25 mL/min. The validation result shows that the linearity was obtained with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9995 and an r2 coefficient of 0.9991. The estimated limits for detection and quantification values were 0.178 and 0.594 µg/mL, respectively. In the intraday and inter-day accuracy test, the coefficient of variance for reference was 0.627 and 0.774, while the results for the sample were 2.966 and 2.658. The percentage recovery rate for reference was between 98.976–101.452%, and for the sample, the result was 89.191–94.667%. The average 9,10-anthraquinone content in the acetate fraction of E. americana plant was 9.799 µg/g ± 5.243.

PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DI GROW TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine americana Merr)

Dayak onion has many benefits, namely anti-inflammatory, stopping the bleeding, anti-breast cancer, heart disease prevention, immunostimulant, anti-tumor, high blood pressure-lowering drugs (hypertension), and diabetes. Dayak onion bulbs contain flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phenolics, tannins, triterpenoids, and quinones. DI Grow liquid organic fertilizer is the latest generation of organic fertilizer in agriculture. This fertilizer contains nutrients at a balanced level and also plant growth regulators such as auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin. This research aims to find out the interaction and the main effect of planting distance and DI Grow liquid organic fertilizer to the growth and the yield of Dayak onion. The research was carried out in the Experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau, Pekanbaru. This research was carried out during 7 months, starting from April to November 2018. The experimental design is a Completely Randomized Factorial Design. The observed parameters are the relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, the number of clump tubers, clump wet weight, and clump dry weight. The results showed that the interaction between planting distance and DI Grow fertilizer did not significantly affect on all the observed parameters. The main effect of planting distance and DI Grow fertilizer was found on all parameters with the best treatment at a planting distance of 25x30 (J4) and DI Grow fertilizer dose of 9 ml/L of water (D3).

Analgesic Effect of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr.) on Mice (Mus musculus) by Hot Plate Test Method

Introduction: Pain is an unpleasant experience that reduces a person's quality of life. Pain related complain can be treated by administering analgesic drugs. Several studies show that the availability of analgesics is still low, especially opioid analgesics. Dayak onion (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr.) are used by the Dayaks to relieve pain. Several empirical studies have shown that Dayak onion contain compounds including quercetin as a potential analgesic. This research aimed to investigate the potential analgesic effect of Dayak onion using hot plate method.Methods: The research was conducted experimentally on 36 BALB/c male mice which randomly divided into 6 different treatment groups of Dayak onion exctract, aspirin, codein and aquadest. Each group were thermally pain-induced for latency period measurement by the hot plate test method. Obtained data were processed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett test.Results: There was a difference in the latency period between the baseline response time and the response time after being treated in each group. ANOVA test results showed significant results (p<0.05) so that the resulting latency period was significant. Dunnett test results showed significant results (p<0.05) in negative control group. Based on these results, Dayak onion are proven to have an analgesic effect on heat stimulation.Conclusion: Dayak onion possess significant analgesic effect on thermally pain-induced mice. Dayak onion extract 90 mg/kg mouse produced better analgesic effects than aspirin 65 mg/kg mouse.

The Effect of Tiwari Onion (Eleutherine americana Merr) Tablet on Blood Pressure Stability in Diagnosed Hypertension Patients

BACKGROUND: Non-pharmacological management is carried out by adjusting the lifestyle and non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension sufferers. They use herbal therapy, which is believed to have low side effects, easy, and inexpensive, such as Eleutherine americana Merr Tea. AIM: This study aimed to analyze Effect of E. americana Merr Tablet on blood pressure in hypertensive patients to be used as supportive therapy to reduce and stabilize blood pressure. METHODS: This study used a quasi-experimental research design pre-post-test with a control group design, involving 30 respondents. Data collection was carried out for 1 month. Then blood pressure observations were carried out every 1 week for a month after giving E. americana tablets. The sampling technique was purposive sampling method. The data analysis used was the Independent Sample T-Test with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The majority of respondents according to age were in the final elderly age range; 15 people (50%) were 56–65 years old. Most of the respondents involved were female, about 18 people (60%). The respondents’ hypertension category included hypertension Grade 1 (57%) and hypertension Grade II (43%). The independent sample t-test obtained p = systole was 0.029 and diastole was 0.000 (p < 0.005). It showed a significant difference in blood pressure before and after being given E. americana tablets in hypertensive patients. CONCLUSION: Significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with suspected hypertension who obtained E. americana tablets.

BAWANG TIWAI (Eleutherine americana) SEBAGAI KRIM TABIR SURYA MENCEGAH MELANOGENESIS

Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine americana) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak terdapat di kalimantan dan digunakan sebagai ramuan alami oleh masyarakat Dayak. Secara turun temurun bawang tiwai diyakini dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan berbagai macam penyakit infeksi (bakteri, jamur, dan virus) dan penyakit tidak menular (stroke, jantung koroner, kanker, dan lain-lain). Berdasarkan penelitian terbaru senyawa eleutherin yang terdapat pada ekstrak bawang tiwai memiliki aktivitas anti- melanogenesis atau menghambat pigmentasi kulit. Hal ini mendorong penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memformulasi bawang Tiwai menjadi sediaan tabir surya atau sunblock yang dapat menghambat proses melanogenesis yang disebabkan oleh radiasi UV matahari.

UJI INVIVO EKSTRAK UMBI BAWANG HUTAN (Eleutherine americana Merr.) TERHADAP GAMBARAN MAKROSKOPIS ORGAN JANTUNG TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus)

ABSTRACTForest onion bulbs (Eleutherine americana Merr.), Including the Iridaceae family, have been used for generations by the Dayak people as medicinal plants for various types of diseases such as breast and colon cancer, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and stroke. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect and side effects of extracts of forest onion bulbs to the macroscopic description of cardiac organ in rats. Thirty male white rats Wistar strain was used as research object, which is divided into three groups of dose that applied with the ethanol extract of Forest onion bulbs orally (5mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 15mg/ml) and one group as controls for comparison. The tests were carried out for 15 days, with observations made against the body weight of rats, macroscopic observation of cardiac organ and observation of cardiac organ weights. The results showed that the provision of forest onion bulbs extract did not cause significant changes based on the graph of observations made on the macroscopic image of the heart organ and the weight of the rats. Keywords : Forest onion bulbs (Eleutherine Americana Merr.), cardiac macroscopic, white rat (Rattus norvegicus) ABSTRAKUmbi bawang hutan (Eleutherine americana Merr.) termasuk familia Iridaceae, secara turun temurun telah dipergunakan oleh masyarakat dayak sebagai tumbuhan obat untuk berbagai jenis penyakit seperti kanker payudara dan kolon, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, hiperkolesterol dan strok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dari konsumsi ekstrak Umbi bawang hutan terhadap gambaran makroskopis organ jantung pada tikus putih. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan hewan percobaan tikus putih jantan galur wistar berjumlah 30 ekor, yang dibagi dalam empat kelompok dosis yang diberi ekstrak etanol umbi bawang hutan secara oral yaitu (5mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 15mg/ml) dan satu kelompok kontrol sebagai pembanding. Masa pengujian dilakukan selama 15 hari, dengan pengamatan yang dilakukan berupa pengamatan berat badan tikus, pengamatan makroskopis organ jantung dan pengamatan berat organ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ektrak umbi bawang hutan tidak menimbulkan perubahan yang signifikan berdasarkan grafik pengamatan yang dilakukan pada gambaran makroskopis organ jantung serta penimbangan berat badan tikus. Kata kunci : Umbi bawang hutan (Eleutherine americana Merr.), makroskopis jantung, tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus)

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ARANG SEKAM PADI DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine americanaMerr.) SEBAGAI RANCANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) PADA MATERI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN KELAS XII SMA

This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of rice husk charcoal and cow manure on the growth of Dayak onions (Eleutherine americana Merr.) And produce Student Worksheets for class XII SMA. This research was conducted in Jayapura Village, Siak Regency, in October-December 2019. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized factorial design consisting of 2 treatments using a combination of rice husk charcoal and cow manure and each treatment was repeated as much 3 times. The parameters of this study were leaf length, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf wet weight, and tuber wet weight. The design of LKPD development refers to the stages of the Problem Based Learning model which are simplified into the Analyze and Design stages. The results showed that the combination of rice husk charcoal and cow manure can increase the growth of Dayak onions significantly affected at a dose of 90 gr/tan (S2K2) with the best treatment on each parameter observed. The results obtained will be used as a development material for the growth and development of Class XII SMA in KD 3.1 and 4.1. The results of the design of learning tools in the form of Syllabus, RPP and LKPD.