scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment of Rice Straw on Cell Wall Composition and Digestibility of Dry Matter

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Chisato HARADA ◽  
Yutaka NAKAMURA ◽  
Hajime MINATO
2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Chisato HARADA ◽  
Yutaka NAKAMURA ◽  
Hajime MINATO

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Chisato HARADA ◽  
Yoshiko SAITO ◽  
Yutaka NAKAMURA ◽  
Hajime MINATO

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Levy ◽  
Z. Holzer ◽  
Y. Folman

ABSTRACTThe fibrous roughages, wheat straw (WS) and cotton stalks (CS), were left untreated or treated with 30 g sodium hydroxide per kg, and residual alkali was either neutralized with sulphuric acid or left unneutralized. All roughages were pelleted and used either in complete feeds or separately. The effects of these treatments on the nutritive value of the roughages were examined in digestibility trials in vitro and in vivo, and in a 7·month feeding trial of a factorial arrangement of 2 × 3 × 2, in which the roughages constituted 350 g/kg of the diets. Approximately 150 g/kg of the neutral-detergent fibre (cell wall) constituents of both roughages was solubilized by sodium hydroxide treatment, while the changes in acid-detergent fibre components (cellulose and lignin) were much smaller, although evident.In vitro-dry matter digestibility of wheat straw was 22 % higher than that of cotton stalks, and its increase due to NaOH treatment was 50% and 30% for wheat straw and cotton stalks, respectively. In vivo digestibility of organic matter of wheat straw was increased from 0·47 to 0·59, and that of cotton stalks from 032 to 037. The increase was evident in all components except protein, in which digestibility was reduced. The increase in the metabolizable energy values of wheat straw from 6·86 to 7·45MJ/kg dry matter and that of cotton stalks from 4·77 to 5·10MJ/kg dry matter following sodium hydroxide treatment was not reflected in daily live-weight or carcass-weight gain in the feeding trial. The animals offered NaOH-treated roughages had significantly more fat trim, and more fat in the large depots. Including roughages in complete feeds revealed no advantage in metabolizable energy conversion into live weight.


1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. WILMAN ◽  
LIAN WEN ◽  
HONGWEI QIN ◽  
YILUN JI

In order to learn more about the feeding value of stovers and straws, seven diets were compared in one experiment and nine in another. The diets in the first experiment were: the upper and lower parts of lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay, the leaves, upper stem and lower stem of maize (Zea mays) stover and the leaves and stem of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) stover. The diets in the second experiment were: the upper and lower parts of lucerne hay, the leaves, stem and whole stover of millet (Setaria italica), the straw and chaff of wheat (Triticum aestivum), rice (Oryza sativa) straw and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) haulm. The diets were fed to sheep to record rate of intake, voluntary intake and in vivo digestibility. The diets were analysed for cell wall (as neutral detergent fibre), crude protein and lignin. Organic matter degradation and cell wall degradation were recorded in nylon bags in the rumen of cattle.The highest rates of intake (6·8–9·6 g dry matter/min) and voluntary intake (75–103 g dry matter/kg W0·75/day) were with sweet potato haulm and the upper, leafy part of lucerne hay. The voluntary intake of millet leaves, wheat chaff and the lower, stemmy part of lucerne hay was moderately high (46–70 g dry matter/kg W0·75/day). Voluntary intake of leaves was higher than that of stems in the case of millet, sorghum and to a lesser extent maize. The lowest rates of intake were with millet stem, sorghum stem and rice straw (1·8–2·4 g dry matter/min). In vivo digestibility of organic matter was highest (59–67%) for the upper part of lucerne hay, sweet potato haulm, the lower part of maize stem and millet leaves. The leaves of maize were less digestible than the stem, while the reverse was the case with millet. Cell wall content was particularly high (74–78% of dry matter) in millet stem, wheat straw and chaff, rice straw and sorghum stem. Lignin content was low (3·6–4·2% of dry matter) in millet leaves, maize leaves and the upper part of maize stem. Organic matter degradation after 24 h incubation in the rumen was highest (80%) in sweet potato haulm and lowest (39–44%) in millet stem, wheat straw and chaff and rice straw. Cell wall degradation after 96 h in the rumen was highest (76–81%) with the leaves of maize, sorghum and millet and lowest (40–59%) with lucerne hay, millet stem and stover, wheat straw and chaff and rice straw.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tanger ◽  
Miguel E. Vega-Sánchez ◽  
Margaret Fleming ◽  
Kim Tran ◽  
Seema Singh ◽  
...  

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Ray ◽  
B. K. Das

Transverse sections of degummed ramie fiber, after treatment with 24% w/w sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature and the boiling condition, have been examined by light microscopy. The peripheral S1 layer of the secondary wall is not distinctly visible in most of the transverse sections of the fibers after sodium hydroxide treatment at boil. X-ray diagrams of the fibers showed that the conversion to cellulose II was complete in both the conditions of treatment. The microfibrillar orientation and mechanical properties of the fibers were in harmony with the change in the structure of the cell wall.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document