Effects of Diet, Dry Matter Level and Sodium Hydroxide Treatment on the Ensiling Characteristics and Utilization by Lambs of Cattle Waste-Rye Straw Mixtures

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Aines ◽  
W. D. Lamm ◽  
K. E. Webb ◽  
J. P. Fontenot
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rye Straw ◽  
Characteristics And Utilization ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

Chemical processing of wheat straw and cotton by-products for fattening cattle 3. Performance of animals receiving material in complete feeds

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Levy ◽  
Z. Holzer ◽  
Y. Folman
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

ABSTRACTThe fibrous roughages, wheat straw (WS) and cotton stalks (CS), were left untreated or treated with 30 g sodium hydroxide per kg, and residual alkali was either neutralized with sulphuric acid or left unneutralized. All roughages were pelleted and used either in complete feeds or separately. The effects of these treatments on the nutritive value of the roughages were examined in digestibility trials in vitro and in vivo, and in a 7·month feeding trial of a factorial arrangement of 2 × 3 × 2, in which the roughages constituted 350 g/kg of the diets. Approximately 150 g/kg of the neutral-detergent fibre (cell wall) constituents of both roughages was solubilized by sodium hydroxide treatment, while the changes in acid-detergent fibre components (cellulose and lignin) were much smaller, although evident.In vitro-dry matter digestibility of wheat straw was 22 % higher than that of cotton stalks, and its increase due to NaOH treatment was 50% and 30% for wheat straw and cotton stalks, respectively. In vivo digestibility of organic matter of wheat straw was increased from 0·47 to 0·59, and that of cotton stalks from 032 to 037. The increase was evident in all components except protein, in which digestibility was reduced. The increase in the metabolizable energy values of wheat straw from 6·86 to 7·45MJ/kg dry matter and that of cotton stalks from 4·77 to 5·10MJ/kg dry matter following sodium hydroxide treatment was not reflected in daily live-weight or carcass-weight gain in the feeding trial. The animals offered NaOH-treated roughages had significantly more fat trim, and more fat in the large depots. Including roughages in complete feeds revealed no advantage in metabolizable energy conversion into live weight.

HIGH MOISTURE GROUND EAR CORN, HIGH MOISTURE BARLEY OR SODIUM HYDROXIDE TREATED BARLEY FOR LACTATING COWS: MILK PRODUCTION AND RATION UTILIZATION

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. KUNG Jr. ◽  
B. W. JESSE ◽  
J. W. THOMAS ◽  
J. T. HUBER ◽  
R. S. EMERY
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fecal Ph

Whole barley was treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in laboratory trials. Dry matter disappearance from nylon bags in the rumen of whole barley treated with 2.5, 3.5, or 4.9% NaOH for 30 h was 59.6, 72.4, and 93.0%, respectively, compared with 82.2% for untreated ground barley. In a subsequent lactation trial, 24 Holstein cows (eight per treatment) were fed high moisture ground ear corn, high moisture rolled barley or high moisture whole barley treated with 3.5% NaOH. Milk persistencies tended to be greater for cows fed high moisture rolled barley, next for ground ear corn and least for NaOH-treated barley. Milk composition was similar for all treatments. Dry matter intake was greatest for cows fed ground ear corn and lower for those fed the barley diets. Alpha-linked glucose and pH of feces were similar for cows fed ground ear corn and high moisture rolled barley diets, but fecal pH was lower and alpha-linked glucose concentrations three times greater for NaOH-treated barley. Digestibility percents of dry matter, acid detergent fiber and nitrogen were 61.4, 25.3, 64.7 for ground ear corn; 64.4, 38.0, 67.1 for high moisture rolled barley; and 56.8, 43.2, 54.8 for NaOH-treated barley, respectively. Rumen grain turnover estimated by excretion of ytterbium in feces was greatest for NaOH-treated barley (9.09%/h), intermediate for ground ear corn (6.10%/h) and lowest for high moisture rolled barley (4.93%/h). Key words: Dairy, sodium hydroxide, high moisture grains

The effect of Beckmann's treatment by sodium hydroxide on the digestibility and feeding value of barley straw for horses

1941 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grahame Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Basal Ration

The digestibility coefficients of old barley straw fed with a basal ration of oats, bran and maize to two adult horses and of the same straw after treatment by Beckmann's method were ascertained. The coefficients of the nitrogen-free extractives and the crude fibre of the untreated straw were 33·23 and 38·24 respectively and of the treated straw 54·14 and 63·71. There was a reduction in the digestibility of the small quantity of protein and fat.Taking into account the 14·5% of dry matter lost during treatment, the starch equivalent value of the treated material was somewhat higher than that of poor quality meadow hay.The digestibility coefficients were considerably lower for an immature horse previously maintained entirely on fresh grass.

Validation of new systems for protein evaluation in ruminants by testing the effect of urea supplementation on intake and digestibility of straw with or without sodium hydroxide treatment

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
D. A. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

SUMMARYMilled barley straw, either untreated or treated with 70 g of NaOH/kg straw was supplemented with four levels of urea, namely 0, 6, 12 or 18 g/kg and fed ad libitum to young sheep. For the untreated straw, dry-matter intakes were (g/day) 423, 451, 441 and 463, while the digestibility of organic matter was 458, 467, 490 and 483 g/kg, respectively. For the treated straw, the intakes of dry matter were 355, 402, 531 and 567 g/day and the digestibility of organic matter was 423, 480, 589 and 628 g/kg respectively.The different responses to urea supplementation of treated and untreated straw are discussed in relation to a new system of estimating protein requirements for ruminants put forward by the Agricultural Research Council.

scholarly journals Determination of Uric Acid

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Harold Nishi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Serum Sample ◽  
Colorimetric Procedure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

Abstract The Archibald colorimetric procedure for determination of uric acid has been adapted for automation. The major differences from the original manual procedure after sodium hydroxide treatment of the serum sample are neutralization with hydrochloric acid and dialysis of the serum instead of precipitation to remove protein. At the rate of 40 samples per hour, the automated procedure shows good correlation with the manual procedure.

Effects of Grinding and Sodium Hydroxide Treatment on Poplar Bark

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Gharib ◽  
R. D. Goodrich ◽  
J. C. Meiske ◽  
A. M. El Serafy
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

Urea treatment as a means of preserving/processing moist wheat for intensively finished cattle

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 54-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lewis ◽  
B.G. Lowman ◽  
M. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Urea Treatment

Wheat requires processing for feeding to cattle otherwise large amount remain undigested. Processing methods can be mechanical or chemical (sodium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia) but these require specialised equipment and/or the use of contractors. The objective of this trial was to evaluate moist wheat fed whole, but treated with urea at harvest as a means of generating ammonia in situ, in diets for intensively finished cattle.Eighty tonnes of wheat (variety Riband) was harvested on 21-22 August 1997 at a dry matter (DM) of 750 g/kg and treated immediately with 53 l/tonne of a urea solution (430 g urea/litre) to supply 30 g urea/kg wheat DM. Treatment was achieved by applying the urea to the wheat as it was augered into the storage silo, which was then sealed with polythene.

scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment on LLDPE/DS Composites: Tensile Properties and Morphology

2018 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 012061
Author(s):  
Abduati Alnaid ◽  
N Z Noriman ◽  
Omar S Dahham ◽  
R Hamzah ◽  
S Sudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment
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