Blood pressure by age, gender, height, and socioeconomic level in school populations in Cali, Colombia

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) is a vital sign that should be recorded in children and adolescents. Studies have shown that hypertension in children can lead to adult cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death in many countries, including Colombia. The aim of this paper was to show the blood pressure data in a school population, 7 to 18 years of age in the city of Cali. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to assess risk factors for chronic diseases in a school population of Cali, Colombia, which included anthropometry, blood chemistry, physical work capacity, oral health, diet, and BP. Two pediatricians registered BP by auscultatory method in both arms according to standard method. BP data, their relationship with age, gender, height, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and salt intake were reported for this student population. Results: A total of 2807 students from different Educational institutions in the urban area of Cali were evaluated. Some 92.2% of the school population had normal BP with values below the 90th percentile, 3.8% had blood pressure between 90 to 95th percentiles or prehypertension, and 3.2% were hypertensive with blood pressure above the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height percentiles according to standards. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases with age, height, and in males the values are slightly higher. No significant differences were found in systolic and diastolic BP regarding socioeconomic status. There was no difference between right and left arm BP. Higher sodium intake in diet and body mass index increase systolic BP levels. Conclusions: The data found agree with those reported in the literature. Socioeconomic level does not influence blood pressure values in the population studied.

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Seventeen-Year Changes in Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Elevated Blood Pressure, and Diabetes Phenotypes in a Cohort of Filipino Women

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539518800366 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 561-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Linda S. Adair ◽

Christopher Kuzawa ◽

Thomas McDade ◽

Delia B. Carba ◽

Judith B. Borja

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

The Philippines ◽

Secular Trends ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Nutrition Survey

Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes have risen dramatically in Asia, but few cohort studies track age and secular trends in these conditions. We use Cebu (The Philippines) Longitudinal Health and Nutrition survey data to document 1998 to 2015 prevalence and co-occurrence of body mass index (BMI; >25 kg/m2), high waist circumference (WC; >80 cm), elevated blood pressure (EBP; systolic ⩾130 or diastolic ⩾85 mm Hg), and type 2 diabetes among ~2000 women aged 29 to 62 years in 1998; and identify their relationship to community, household, and individual factors using longitudinal logistic regression. Prevalence (1998-2015) rates were 35% to 49%, BMI >25 kg/m2; 32% to 58% high WC; 21% to 59% EBP; and 2% to 14% diabetes. Only 20% of women had none of these conditions in 2015. Diabetes was strongly driven by age and secular trends in high WC related to higher socioeconomic status and urbanization. Hypertension increased with age in lower socioeconomic status rural and more affluent urban women. Results underscore the continuing need for public health measures to prevent obesity and to identify and treat hypertension and diabetes.

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Hubungan IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh) dengan Ketahanan (Endurance) Kardiorespirasi pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Dokter Unand 2009-2012

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i2.263 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Reny Jayusfani ◽

Afriwardi Afriwardi ◽

Eti Yerizel

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Medical Student ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Body Mass ◽

The Body ◽

Physical Work ◽

Physical Work Capacity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Average Maximum ◽

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

AbstrakSaat ini terjadi peningkatan kelebihan berat badan terutama pada generasi muda disebabkan oleh diet yang tidak tepat dan gaya hidup yang tidak aktif. Peningkatan berat badan ini akan berakibat pada penurunan daya tahan kardiorespirasi hingga berdampak pada kapasitas kerja fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan ketahanan kardiorespirasi pada mahasiswa FK Unand. Penelitian dilakukan pada mahasiswa FK Unand Padang dari Desember 2012 sampai Februari 2013. Studi observasional analitik ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah subjek 30 orang. Ketahanan kardiorespirasi didapat dengan menghitung nilai VO2maks menggunakan tes ergometer sepeda metode Astrand 6 minute cycle test. Dilakukan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa rerata IMT 23,2 ± 5,1 dan rerata volume oksigen maksimal 39,5 ± 12,1. Uji regresi linear menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara IMT dengan ketahanan kardiorespirasi dengan tingkat hubungan sedang (r=0,567, p<0,05) dengan pengaruh sebesar 32,1% (R2=0,321) dan persamaan regresi yang didapat adalah Y=70,827 – 1,349X. Kesimpulan hasil studi ini adalah semakin tinggi indeks massa tubuh semakin rendah ketahanan kardiorespirasi.Kata kunci: volume oksigen maksimal, indeks massa tubuh, ketahanan kardiorespirasi AbstractNowadays, there are many cases about increasing the weight of body, especially at younger generation. It is caused by anappropriate diet and inactive lifestyle. Increasing of weight will cause declining of cardiorespiratory endurance. So that, it will impact on physical work capacity. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between cardiorespiratory with Body Mass Index (BMI) in medical student of Andalas University.The research was done on medical student of Andalas University Padang in December 2012 until February 2012. This research used observational study with cross sectional design study. The subject of this research were 30 people. Cardiorespiratory endurance was obtained by calculate the value of VO2max. This measurement used ergometer bicycle with the method was using Astrand 6 minute cycle test. This test measured the weight and height body. Statistical analysis was simple linear regression. The result found that the average of BMI is 23.2 ± 5.1 and an average maximum oxygen volume is 39.5 ± 12.1. Linear regression found that there is a moderate significant effect between BMI and cardiorespiratory endurance (r=0.567, p <0.05) with the effect about 32.1% (R2 = 0.321) and the regression equation was Y = 70.827 to 1.349 X.In conclusion, the subjects have average cardiorespiratory endurance level and normal body mass index. If the body of mass index is higher, the cardiorespiratory endurance

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Blood Pressure Association with Sodium Intake from Snacks Among Undergraduates of Afe Babalola University, Nigeria

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 152-152

Author(s):

Kayode Ajayi ◽

Ibidayo Alebiosu

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Metabolic Equivalent ◽

The Mean

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the association between blood pressure (BP) values and sodium intake from snacks. Methods The mean weekly consumption of snacks was evaluated in 1500 randomly selected undergraduate aged 16–24 years by a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into quartiles of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The mean weekly exercise level was calculated as the product of duration and frequency of each activity (in hours/week), weighted by an estimate of the metabolic equivalent of the activity (MET) and summed for the activities performed. The whole cohort was divided into tertiles of exercise and the individuals were classified as; sedentary, moderately active and active. The cut of points in the whole cohort were respectively; ≤10, 11–29, ≥30 MET h/week. Exercise levels were therefore expressed as MET h/week. Results The mean age, metabolic equivalent of activity (METs), body mass index (BMI) and mean sodium intake from snacks per day were; 20.10 ± 1.44 years, 25.51 ± 10.03 METs h/week, 24.86 ± 4.80 kg/m2 and 1.5 g/day respectively. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) ranges between 104.43 ± 4.89 mmHg and 137.27 ± 16.71 mmHg while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ranges from 71.24 ± 7.83–83.11 ± 12.03 mmHg. The SBP and DBP significantly increased from the lower to the higher tertile of sodium from snacks and with increasing frequency of salty snacks consumption (P < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression model, being in the highest SBP quartile (≥115 mmHg) was significantly associated with consumption of sodium from snacks (odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.82; P = 0.001), age, gender and body mass index. Also, being in the highest DBP quartile (≥70 mmHg) was significantly associated with consumption of sodium from snacks (odds ratio (OR) = 2.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41–5.69; P = 0.003), age, body mass index, but not with gender. Conclusions The study has shown that a strong association exists between sodium intake from snack, daily frequency of consumption of salty snacks and blood pressure. Public education and social marketing are needed to motivate the undergraduate to choose healthier snacks with lower sodium content. Funding Sources The study did not receive any funding from any source.

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P4346Religious education and midlife observance are associated with lower coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality 23 years later

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0754 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Eilat-Adar ◽

U Goldbourt

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Reference Group ◽

Middle Aged

Abstract Objective To determine whether self-reported religiosity is associated with decreased coronary mortality risk in middle-aged men when rates are adjusted for known confounders. Design The Israeli Ischemic Heart Disease (IIHD) Project (n=10,232) was chosen by stratified sampling of civil servants and municipal male employees, men aged 40–65 in 1963. Subjects were seen upon enrollment (1963) and at two follow-up visits (1965 and 1968). Extent of religiosity according to belief and practice collected in 1965 on a scale from 1 to 5. Religiosity was defined as follow: (1) The most-strict observance of religious rules “Haredim”. (2) “Religious” (3) “Traditional” (4) “Secular” (5) The part of the latter who declared themselves to be “nonbelievers” were categorized as “agnostic”. Main outcome measure Coronary heart disease (CHD) death, determined from death certificates in 23 years of follow-up Results Among 9245 participants, 1098 died from CHD during 23 years follow up. Ever smoking, Body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status were significantly lower while age and diabetes were higher according to increasing religiosity. Religiosity was inversely related to CHD mortality. Demographic, anthropometric characteristics according to religion, and odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), for CHD mortality, (using agnostic as a reference group) are presented in table 1. Characteristics according to religion Religiosity Haredim (n=2103) Religious (n=1528) Traditional (n=1782) Secular (n=2085) Agnostic (n=1747) P for trend Age years (SD) 50.2 (6.9) 48.8 (6.6) 48.4 (6.7) 48.8 (6.6) 45.9 (6.8) <0.001 Ever smoking% 58.7 67.6 70.7 71.9 72.6 0.001 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 136 (21) 135 (20) 135 (21) 134 (20) 135 (20) 0.115 Diabetes (%) 9.8 11.1 8.3 8.8 6.5 <0.001 Socioeconomic status 2.2 (1.3) 2.3 (1.1) 2.7 (1.1) 2.7 (1.2) 3.1 (1.4) <0.001 BMI kg/m2 (SD) 22.5 (3.6) 25.9 (3.5) 25.9 (3.2) 25.6 (3.2) 25.4 (2.9) 0.028 Cholesterol (mg%) 201 (38) 207 (41) 208 (39) 214 (40) 218 (40) 0.001 Number of death (% category) 187 (8.9) 161 (10.5) 185 (10.4) 228 (10.9) 225 (12.9) <0.001 OR (95% CI)* 0.67 (0.53–0.85) 0.85 (0.67–1.08) 0.84 (0.67–1.05) 0.87 (0.71–1.08) 1 *Adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, socioeconomic status, body mass index and cholesterol. Conclusion Religiosity was associated with lower CHD death in employed middle aged Israeli men followed up prospectively for 23 years.

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Abstract P239: Diet Modifies Cardiometabolic Effects Of DOCA-salt In C57BL/6J Mice

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.p239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Chetan N Patil ◽

Vanessa Oliveira ◽

Megan Opichka ◽

McKenzie L Ritter ◽

John J Reho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Energy Efficiency ◽

Body Mass ◽

Energy Flux ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Sodium Retention ◽

Digestive Efficiency ◽

Salt Treatment ◽

Total Sodium

The deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt model of hypertension is widely used to investigate the neurohormonal regulation of blood pressure. We investigated the modulatory effect of three common “chow” diets upon cardiometabolic consequences of DOCA-salt treatment in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice (6 wks of age) were randomly assigned to 5L0D (LabDiet 67138, 4.0 g Na/kg), a Soy-free extruded diet (Envigo 2920, 1.5 g Na/kg), or an NIH-31 modified open formula diet (Teklad 7913, 3.1 g Na/kg) and provided with autoclaved deionized water for 3 weeks (n=16/diet). At 9 weeks of age (ie, before DOCA-salt), intake behaviors and energy flux were assessed using metabolic caging and bomb calorimetry. Before DOCA-salt, body mass, digestive efficiency, energy efficiency, total sodium intake, urine volumes, and apparent sodium & potassium retentions (ie, ingested-urine loss) were significantly modified by diet (p<0.05), but calories absorbed per day was not. Mice (n=8/diet) were then implanted with a DOCA pellet (50mg, sc) and provided 0.15 M NaCl as an additional drink option, or underwent sham surgery (n=8/diet). At 12 weeks of age (ie, after DOCA-salt), intake behaviors and energy flux were again assessed before tissue harvest. After DOCA-salt, body mass, energy efficiency, total sodium intake, urine volume, apparent sodium retention, and renal renin mRNA were significantly affected by a diet x DOCA-salt interaction (p<0.05). In contrast, digestive efficiency and apparent potassium retention were modified by diet (p<0.05), and calories absorbed per day, plasma sodium, and plasma potassium were affected by main effects of diet (p<0.05) and DOCA-salt (p<0.05), but these endpoints were not modified by a diet x DOCA-salt interaction. Combined with analyses of tissue masses, expression of various renal electrolyte transporters, blood chemistries, and urinalyses, these many endpoints highlight a multitude of cardiometabolic outcomes of the DOCA-salt model that are sensitive to environmental contexts such as diet. Ongoing work is investigating the modulatory effect of diet upon increases in total body sodium retention and blood pressure induced by DOCA-salt treatment, and roles for varied sodium vs protein contents of the diets in these effects.

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Distribution of blood pressure, body mass index and smoking habits in the urban population of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and associations with socioeconomic status

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/31.1.240 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 240-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

Pascal Bovet ◽

Allen G Ross ◽

Jean-Pierre Gervasoni ◽

Mashombo Mkamba ◽

Deo M Mtasiwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Urban Population ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Smoking Habits

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Association between Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index (Bmi) and Age amongst Women in a Community in Cross River State of Nigeria.

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention ◽

10.18535/ijmsci/v5i3.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 3630-3633

Author(s):

Omotoso AJ ◽

Chinenye Nwosu ◽

Ekpe EL ◽

Ekpe SL ◽

Kingsley A ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Cross River ◽

Cross River State ◽

High Body

BACKGROUND: High body mass index (obesity) is a great health threat to aging individuals which results in increased blood pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Study was carried out in four different communities namely: Ikom, Akamkpa, Calabar South and Calabar Municipal of Cross River State, Nigeria. It was carried out amongst 130 women who voluntarily gave their consent during a cervical screening done in their various locations during the period of December 2016 to January 2017 in Cross River State, Nigeria. Blood pressure was measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer to obtain both the diastolic and systolic blood pressure of the various individuals. The height and weight were obtained using a weighing balance and a stadiometer respectively to get the weight and height. It was summarized age group wise and cut off points gotten from the individuals and reviewed using the WHO classification of body mass index classification. Data obtained were presented using frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: Underweight individuals (8)had a total percentage of 6.15%.A total of 46(35.40%) of the individuals were of normal weight..46 and 30 of the individuals had a percentage of 35.40% and 23.08%respectively(overweight and obese).A maximum number of the individuals were normal(were neither prehypertensive nor hypertensive). 49 and 19 individuals were prehypertensive in systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively and 7 and 16 were hypertensive in systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively. CONCLUSION: A high body mass index and hypertension correlate with advancing age. and can be prevented by living an acceptable lifestyle devoid of it Triggers like alcohol, smoking ,reduced salt intake etc and having a regular routine check-up done periodically.

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