Desempleo y salud: Un análisis de la repercusión de la crisis económica sobre la salud de los españoles

In this paper we explore the consequences of the economic crisis on the Spanish adult health with special emphasis on the effects of unemployment. We use the conceptual model of Dahlgren and Whitehead. We analyze longitudinal microdata from the Survey of Living Conditions (ECV) 2006-2011 and cross-sectional microdata from the National Health Survey of Spain (ENSE) 2011-12, using econometric models to explain the level of physical and mental health of individuals and their changes when varying income and employment status. Our analysis of ECV concludes that while the housing conditions and needs met proxies significantly influence self-assessed health, neither variations in individual income or the shift from employment to unemployment have a significant influence. Models based on data from the ENSE, however, conclude that after controlling for other determinants of health, unemployment has a significant negative impact on physical and mental health, and that impact is stronger the longer unemployment lasts.

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Family caregiver’s loneliness and related health factors: what can be changed?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1181538/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Sylvie Bonin-Guillaume ◽

Sylvie Arlotto ◽

Alice Blin ◽

Stéphanie Gentile

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older People ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Long Term Conditions ◽

Obesity And Diabetes

Abstract Background Loneliness is a public health issue which may affect the entire population. Loneliness is associated with depression, sleep disorders, fatigue and increase the risk of obesity and diabetes. Risk factors for loneliness include poor social network and poor physical and mental health. The main objective was to study factors related to loneliness of family caregivers caring for independent older people. Methods We performed a non-interventional observational cross-sectional study in south-eastern France. Family Caregivers caring for people aged 70 and over living at home were included. These older people were independent, without long-term conditions and who applied for professional social assistance for daily living. Data were collected through a questionnaire, administered face-to-face or by telephone. Loneliness and perceived health status were measured through a single-question. Burden was assessed through the Mini-Zarit Scale, frailty was measured through the Gerontopole Frailty Screening Tool. Results Of the 876 caregivers included, 10% felt lonely often or always. They reported more physical and mental health issues than those who did not feel loneliness (p<0.001). Family caregivers with loneliness were more likely to be looking after a parent and were twice as likely to have a moderate to severe burden (OR=2.6). They were more likely to feel anxious (OR=5.6), to have sleep disorders (OR=2.4), to be frail (OR=2) and to feel their health as poor or bad (OR=2). Conclusions Loneliness has a negative impact on health, frailty and burden of family caregivers. Means must be implemented to anticipate the consequences of the loneliness felt by family caregivers, notably by orienting them towards the relevant services.

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Smartphone Addiction among Qatar University Students: A Cross-Sectional study

University of the Future: Re-Imagining Research and Higher Education ◽

10.29117/quarfe.2020.0203 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reem Ashour ◽

Sana Elashie ◽

Bayan Alkeilan ◽

Mujahed Shraim

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Academic Performance ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Social Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional

Aims: The aim of this study was to: (I) estimate the prevalence of SPA among students in Qatar University (QU); (II) assess the correlation between daily duration of smartphone use (SPU) and SPA; (III) assess the relationship between SPA with (a) current Grade point Average (GPA), (b) psychological distress, and (c) students’ perceived negative impact of SPU on their learning and academic performance, sleep at night, social activity, and physical and mental health. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study using a selfadministered survey to address the aims of the study. An electronic survey was distributed to all QU students registered in the Fall 2019 in addition to a paper survey distribution to fifteen classes, selected at random from all colleges in QU. The survey used smartphone addiction scale (SAS) to measure SPA; General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28) to measure the likelihood of student having “psychological distress”; ten statements to identify students perceived negative impact of SPU on academic performance, sleep at night, physical and mental health, and social activity; current GPA as a measure of academic performance. Descriptive statistics and multivariable linear and logistics regression analyses were performed to analyses the data. The Study was ethically approved QU institutional review Board. Results: A total of 717 students participated in the study. The mean daily duration of SPU among students was 6.5 hours per day (SD= 3.7), and he prevalence of SPA was 59%. Duration of SPU in hours and SPA score (r=0.282, p= <0.001). The prevalence of psychological distress among students was 51.0%. Increase in daily duration of SPU, male gender, presence of psychological stress, not having a chronic disease, and not performing physical exercise in the previous week were independently associated with increased odds of SPA. We found a significant interaction between gender and psychological distress with SPA. Male students with psychological distress were at lower odds of SPA than female students with psychological distress (OR= 0.39; 95% CI 0.17, 0.87). SPA was a statistically significant predictor of all included domains of perceived negative impact of SPU, including sleep at night, learning in class, study time, academic performance, physical and mental health, and social activity. After adjustment for significant variables, students with no SPA had increased odds of having higher current GPA category by 2.04 times (1.05, 3.95) than students with SPA. The characteristics of students did not vary significantly according to survey completion method. The sensitivity analyses showed similar findings between the predictors and the outcome variables in all analyses. Therefore, our sensitivity analyses suggest that our findings are unlikely to have been affected by selection bias, response bias, or social acceptability bias. Conclusion: SPA is highly prevalent among QU students. SPA or longer duration of SPU have negative impact on academic performance, psychological distress, and perceived physical and mental health, and social activity.

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Neighborhood Walkability and Physical and Mental Health among Older Adults Living in a Deprived Community

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2355 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 620-621

Author(s):

Rie Suzuki ◽

Jennifer Blackwood ◽

Shailee Shah ◽

Noah Webster

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Assistive Device ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neighborhood Walkability ◽

Walking Programs

Abstract Background Identifying the factors to improve the quality of life (QOL) is vital to decrease morbidity and mortality rates among older adults. Although unfavorable neighborhood features have a significant negative impact on QOL, few studies have investigated these relationships in a deprived community. The purpose of the study was to understand how neighborhood walkability is associated with QOL using the SF-36 among urban-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited in 2018 and 2019 at regional health clinics in Flint, MI. To be eligible, participants had to be over 65 years old and Flint residents. Results Of the 132 participants, the majority were female (66%), African American (77%), single, divorced, or widowed (75%), and educated below GED level (84%). After adjusting for gender, assistive device use, medication, and the Supplemental Security Income receipt, multiple regression analysis revealed that those with better perceptions of land-mixed use and accessibility within their neighborhood were more likely to have better physical health (β = .36, p<.05). However, the perceptions of greater pedestrian safety were associated with the poor physical and mental health (PCS; β = -0.19, p <.05; MCS; β = -0.25, p < .05). Perceptions of the presence of walking hazards and crime were not significantly associated with QOL. Discussion Findings suggest that neighborhood walkability characteristics are associated with physical health. The development of walking programs with accessible neighborhoods will be urgent to improve the health-related QOL for older adults living in a targeted community.

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COVID-19 pandemic impact on headache in healthcare workers: a narrative review

Headache Medicine ◽

10.48208/headachemed.2021.17 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 75-82

Author(s):

João Gabriel de Azevedo José Romero ◽

Franklin Teixeira de Salles-Neto ◽

Juliana Stuginski-Barbosa ◽

Paulo César Rodrigues Conti ◽

Camila Megale Almeida-Leite

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Case Reports ◽

Original Research ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Published Evidence ◽

Life Education ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Background: Pandemic of COVID-19, the potentially fatal disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, had caused intangible consequences on global health systems, economy, daily life, education, travel, leisure, work, and mental health. Its impact on mental and physical health, especially in health professionals, has been described. Objective: This study aimed to review and discuss the published evidence regarding the presence of headache on COVID-19 healthcare workers. Methods: In this review, we searched for all articles published in various data bases including PubMed / Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science and all original research studies, letters to editor, case reports, commentaries and reviews published in English, Portuguese or Spanish were searched. Two researchers independently analyzed published articles in order to include/exclude based on inclusion or exclusion criteria. Results: Thirteen articles were included. All studies included in this review were observational; eleven were cross-sectional studies, one was a prospective/cohort and one was a retrospective. Two studies evaluated psychological outcomes, mental health disorders and associated factors, one study investigated symptoms and causes of somatic symptom disorder and all other studies evaluated headaches associated with Personal Protective Equipment (PPI). Conclusions: The present review shows that COVID-19 pandemic has negative impact on physical and mental health in healthcare workers and headache has been associated to psychological stress and work overload during pandemic. Further studies are necessary to better investigate COVID-19 pandemic effects on headaches and other neurological conditions.

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The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and residency training of family medicine residents: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Turkey

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-021-01576-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hüsna Çevik ◽

Mehmet Ungan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Online Survey ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Short Version ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Training Programmes ◽

Family Medicine Residents

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on resident training in different branches and affected the physical and mental health of frontline residents adversely. This nationwide cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on family medicine residents in Turkey, including the levels of depression and burnout. Methods An anonymous online survey was distributed to all family medicine residents via e-mail and a web link between 28.11.2020 and 12.12.2020. Information on sociodemographic data and the residency programme were evaluated, and factors associated with depression and burnout were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Burnout Measure-Short Version (BMS) respectively. Results Although the weekly average working hours of the 477 respondents increased significantly during the pandemic (p < 0.05), the average weekly working time in the Family Medicine (FM) outpatient clinic decreased. The greatest concern of 58.3% of the residents was fear of transmitting COVID-19 to their family members. 90.2% of the residents stated that training programmes were negatively or very negatively affected. According to PHQ-9 scores, 15.7% of residents had moderately severe, and 14.9% severe depression. The BMS scores of the residents demonstrated that 24.1% had a very severe burnout problem, and 23.3% should seek professional help as soon as possible. Being single, having no children, female gender, lack of personal protective equipments and increased contact time with COVID-19 patients were associated with higher scores in the depression and burnout scales (p < 0.05). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on training programmes for FM residents, who are at the forefront of the pandemic in Turkey, and this situation is closely related to depression and burnout. Due to the unpredictability of the pandemic, long-term plans should be made for the training needs of residents in order to protect their physical and mental health.

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Beyond PPE: a mixed qualitative–quantitative study capturing the wider issues affecting doctors’ well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e050223

Author(s):

Lyndsey Jayne Cubitt ◽

Yu Ri Im ◽

Ciaran James Scott ◽

Louise Claire Jeynes ◽

Paul David Molyneux

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Working Hours ◽

Well Being ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to the medical workforce. This has put them at increased risk of burnout at a time when levels are already worryingly high in the profession, with recent studies consistently showing that around half of doctors meet the validated criteria for burnout.ObjectivesTo understand the wider factors influencing and impacting upon hospital doctors’ well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in England.DesignCross-sectional survey and mixed quantitative–qualitative analysis.SettingAcute National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust in England.ParticipantsAn online survey was circulated in early June 2020 to all 449 doctors employed by the Trust. 242 doctors completed the survey (54% response rate).Primary outcome measuresQuestions assessed occupational details, self-reported changes in physical and mental health, satisfaction with working hours and patterns, availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), medication and facilities, communication and sought to identify areas seen as having a significant effect on doctors’ well-being.Results96% of respondents requiring PPE were able to access it. Nearly half of the respondents felt that their mental health had deteriorated since the start of the pandemic. Over a third stated that their physical health had also declined. Issues identified as having a negative impact on doctors included increased workload, redeployment, loss of autonomy, personal issues affecting family members, anxiety around recovery plans, inadequate access to changing and storage facilities and to rest areas that allow for social distancing. Doctors appreciated access to ‘calm rooms’ that were made available for staff, access to clinical psychology support, free drinks and free car parking on site.ConclusionThe emerging themes are suggestive of increased burnout risk among doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic and encompass factors well beyond shortage of PPE. Small organisational initiatives and the implementation of changes suggested by survey respondents can have a positive impact on doctors’ well-being.

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Quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis

Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jpahs.v5i2.24018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 81-84

Author(s):

Rajani Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Physical Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional

Introductions: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a non-inflammatory degenerative disorder of the joint. It has negative impact on health related quality of life (QOL), both in physical and mental health. This study aimed to assess QOL of patient with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of orthopedic in Patan hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Data was collected from 21st July to 18th August 2017 among 125 knee osteoarthritis patients by face-to-face interview using structured interview. Results: Overall QOL of patients with knee osteoarthritis was good in mental health component mean score (62.09) and poor in physical health with a mean score of (38.18). The physical component of QOL was significantly associated with age (p<0.04) and occupation (p<0.001). There was no association between independent variable and mental component of QOL. Conclusions: The significant proportion of the patients have poor quality of life in physical health component, but majority of patients have good mental health.

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Friends with malefit. The effects of keeping dogs and cats, sustaining animal-related injuries andToxoplasmainfection on health and quality of life

10.1101/742734 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jaroslav Flegr ◽

Marek Preiss

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractMany studies show that keeping cats and dogs has a positive impact on humans’ physical and mental health and quality of life. The existence of this “pet phenomenon” is now widely discussed because other studies performed recently have demonstrated a negative impact of owning pets or no impact at all. The main problem of many studies was the autoselection – participants were informed about the aims of the study during recruitment and later likely described their health and wellbeing according to their personal beliefs and wishes, not according to their real status. To avoid this source of bias, we did not mention pets during participant recruitment and hid the pet-related questions among many hundreds of questions in an 80-minute Internet questionnaire. Results of our study performed on a sample of on 10,858 subjects showed that liking cats and dogs has a weak positive association with quality of life. However, keeping pets, especially cats, and even more being injured by pets, were strongly negatively associated with many facets of quality of life. Our data also confirmed that infection by the cat parasiteToxoplasmahad a very strong negative effect on quality of life, especially on mental health. However, the infection was not responsible for the observed negative effects of keeping pets, as these effects were much stronger in 1,527Toxoplasma-free subjects than in the whole population. Any cross-sectional study cannot discriminate between a cause and an effect. However, because of the large and still growing popularity of keeping pets, the existence and nature of the reverse pet phenomenon deserve the outmost attention.

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Psychological Stress among Students in Health-Related Fields during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study at Selected Munich Universities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126611 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6611

Author(s):

Kristina Schröpfer ◽

Nicole Schmidt ◽

Sandra Kus ◽

Clemens Koob ◽

Michaela Coenen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Health Related

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a challenging period of upheaval for higher education students. This study aims to assess the factors associated with psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of students in health-related fields at Munich universities in Germany. Students (n = 623) from KSH Munich and LMU Munich completed an online cross-sectional survey. Information on demographics and academic and everyday difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as data on physical and mental health were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the outcome. The prevalence for higher psychological stress was 44% among the study population. Factors associated with higher psychological stress were: lower overall life satisfaction (p < 0.0001), worsened health situation (p < 0.0001), lack of social support (p = 0.0301) and social interaction (p = 0.0115), worries about financial difficulties due to loss of income (p = 0.0134), stressful thoughts about a second wave (p < 0.0001), feeling unable to positively influence the situation (p = 0.0262) and study-related effects, such as perceived study burden (p = 0.0003) and likely delay in studies (p = 0.0178)). The COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant negative impact on the mental health of students in health-related fields. Proactive efforts to support the mental health and well-being of students are needed.

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Socio Demographic and Clinical Profile of Indoor Female Patients of RINPAS

Indian Journal of Psychiatric Social Work ◽

10.29120/ijpsw.2017.v8.i1.13 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Rajni Suri ◽

Anshu Suri ◽

Neelam Kumari ◽

Amool R. Singh ◽

Manisha Kiran

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Health Problems ◽

High Rate ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional

The role of women is very crucial in our society. She cares for her parents, partner, children and other relatives. She performs all types of duties in family and also in the society without any expectations. Because of playing many roles, women often face many challenges in their life including both physical and mental. Mental health problems affect women and men equally, but some problems are more common among women including both physical and mental health problems. Aim of the study - The present study is aimed to describe and compare the clinical and socio-demographic correlates of female mentally ill patients.Â Methods and Materials: The study includes 180 female mentally ill patients based on cross sectional design and the sample for the study was drawn purposively. A semi structured socio-demographic data sheet was prepared to collect relevant information as per the need of the study. Result: The present study reveals that the socio-demographic factors contribute a vital role in mental illness. Findings also showed that majority of patients had mental problems in the age range of 20-30 have high rate. Illiterate and primary level of education and daily wage working women as well as low and middle socio-economic status women are more prone to have mental illness. Other factors like marital status, type of family and religion etc also important factors for mental illness. Keywords: Socio demographic profile, female, psychiatric patient

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