Inclusión en deporte adaptado: dos caras de una misma moneda

Resumen: El presente ensayo pretende mostrar al lector los procesos inclusivos que en la actualidad se están dando en el ámbito del deporte adaptado. En una primera instancia, se aborda el concepto de inclusión, exponiendo las bases filosóficas y prácticas (incluso algunas legislativas) que sustentan la misma, ubicándolo en un modelo actual de consideración del usuario de actividades físicas y deportivas como ente que interactúa con las condiciones de práctica y los elementos que facilitan o dificultan la misma. En un segundo término, se aborda el proceso actual de inclusión para con las organizaciones de deporte adaptado, exponiendo algunas de las controversias derivadas de dicho proceso, especialmente en lo que se refiere a las clasificaciones funcionales, que perpetúan el discurso de las necesidades especiales. Finalizaremos con una propuesta de continuo de inclusión que matiza las posibilidades de práctica inclusiva y específica, pudiendo dar una respuesta más rica y variada a las necesidades del individuo; más allá de las dos caras opuestas de una misma moneda. Inclusion in adapted sport: two sides of the same coin Abstract: This paper shows current inclusionprocesses in adapted sports. First, some aspects about inclusion are discussed from philosophical and practice perspectives, and its relationship with a functional and health-related model related physical activity and sport activities where client interacts with the personal and environment factors (facilitators and barriers). Second, current inclusion process in sport organizations is explained, exposing some of the disputes arising from this process, especially in regard to functional classifications and its relation with the special needs discourse. Finally, we propose a continuum for inclusion in physical activity and sports, from specific to full inclusion that offers more opportunities and ways of practice; more than two faces of the same coin.

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Investigating Parental Beliefs Concerning Facilitators and Barriers to the Physical Activity in Down Syndrome and Typical Development

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/2158244016687799 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 215824401668779 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marianna Alesi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Typically Developing Children ◽

Home Based ◽

Semistructured Interviews ◽

The Family ◽

Sport Activities ◽

Facilitators And Barriers

Family is a crucial factor to determine the amount, the duration, and the complexity of children’s sport activities. This study aims at comparing the beliefs concerning the involvement in sport activities among parents of children with Down syndrome (DS) and parents of typically developing children (TDC). A phenomenological theoretical framework was adopted to realize semistructured interviews with the parents. The participants were 35 parents: 19 with children and adolescents with DS and 16 with TDC. The main facilitation/barrier themes identified by the parents of children with DS were the family and the expert at Adapted Physical Activity (APA) instructors. Conversely, the parents of TDC identified social factors related to family as the only barrier. One of the issues that emerge from this study is the lack of home-based physical activity (PA) intervention programs aimed at involving families and children.

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Clustering of Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity among Youth: A Cross-National Study

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.14.4.401 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 401-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Simon J. Marshall ◽

Stuart J.H. Biddle ◽

James F. Sallis ◽

Thomas L. McKenzie ◽

Terry L. Conway

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young People ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

National Study ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Health Related ◽

The Usa ◽

Cross National Study ◽

Two Sides

Few studies have attempted to describe patterns of sedentary behavior among children and examine how these relate to patterns of physical activity. A group of 2,494 youth aged 11–15 years from the USA and UK completed a physical activity checklist. Low intercorrelations between sedentary behaviors suggest youth sedentariness is multifaceted and cannot be represented accurately by any one behavior such as TV viewing. Cluster analysis identified three groups of young people, differentiated by the level and type of sedentary behavior and physical activity. Physical activity and sedentary behavior are not two sides of the same coin. Further study should examine the health-related outcomes associated with sedentary behavior and the modifiable determinants of these behaviors among young people.

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Painful Choices: A Qualitative Exploration of Facilitators and Barriers to Active Lifestyles Among Adults With Osteoarthritis

Journal of Applied Gerontology ◽

10.1177/0733464815602114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 1091-1116 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rachael C. Stone ◽

Joseph Baker

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

Care Providers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Health Related ◽

Facilitators And Barriers ◽

Aging Adults

Research has indicated physical activity and exercise can effectively attenuate biopsychosocial osteoarthritis-related symptoms in adults, more so than other management strategies; however, both leisure and structured physical activity are scarcely recommended by health care providers, and remain rarely adopted and adhered to in this patient population. Using qualitative interviews, the present study investigated potential facilitators and barriers to physical activity for adults with osteoarthritis. Fifteen participants (30-85 years of age) with osteoarthritis engaged in semi-structured interviews, which focused on experiences with physical activity/exercise, daily osteoarthritis management, and experiences with health professionals’ recommendations. Analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that pain relief, clear health-related communication, and social support facilitated physical activity. Physical pain, psychological distress, and inadequate medical support were the most frequently expressed barriers. The present study supports the biopsychosocial nature of osteoarthritis, which may have important implications for advancing exercise as an effective and long-term intervention strategy in aging adults with osteoarthritis.

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‘Sport’ as a Medium of Health Promotion. The Perspectives of the Sport and Health Systems in Germany / ‚Sport‘ als Gesundheitsmedium. Die Perspektiven der Sport- und Gesundheitssysteme in Deutschland

Sport und Gesellschaft ◽

10.1515/sug-2014-0202 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Enrico Michelini

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Health System ◽

Health Systems ◽

Health Ministry ◽

External Interference ◽

German Health ◽

Sport Activities ◽

Health Related ◽

Promotion Of Physical Activity

SummaryWithin the health-related promotion of physical activity (more intensive) forms of sport activities are not seen as a necessary option (Michelini, 2015). In this paper, this position is compared with the perspective of the sport system on sport as medium of health promotion. Within a systems theoretical framework (Luhmann, 1984), the German Olympic Sports Confederation and German Health Ministry programmes are analysed and contrasted (Mayring, 2003). The documents reveal different perspectives on sport as a medium of health promotion. Moreover, different systemic logics lead to communications which often aim to protect organisational meanings and competences from the external interference of other systems. In this context, the health system's logic appears to be more dominant. This may lead to an evolution of sport system programmes that is shaped by reacting to the operations of the health system.

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