scholarly journals The archaeology of Stonehenge - a preliminary survey

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Knuckey ◽  
Ken Kippen
Keyword(s):  
Field Component ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Archaeological Material

No archaeology data has been published from the Stonehenge region of central western Queensland.  Indeed the only archaeological activity carried out in the area to this point in time, has been sporadic forays by one or two consultants, leading to a restricted amount of information being available for public comment.  The following paper begins the process of addressing this situation by discussing archaeological sites found during the field component of a consultancy in the Stonehenge-Longreach district.  General interpretations are offered regarding prehistoric human behaviour and the paper also highlights some problems associated with the interpretation of archaeological material in the field.

scholarly journals Lessons from Star Carr on the vulnerability of organic archaeological remains to environmental change

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (46) ◽  
pp. 12957-12962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty High ◽  
Nicky Milner ◽  
Ian Panter ◽  
Beatrice Demarchi ◽  
Kirsty E. H. Penkman
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
Environmental Materials ◽  
The Last Glacial ◽  
Organic Remains

Examples of wetland deposits can be found across the globe and are known for preserving organic archaeological and environmental remains that are vitally important to our understanding of past human–environment interactions. The Mesolithic site of Star Carr (Yorkshire, United Kingdom) represents one of the most influential archives of human response to the changing climate at the end of the last glacial in Northern Europe. A hallmark of the site since its discovery in 1948 has been the exceptional preservation of its organic remains. Disturbingly, recent excavations have suggested that the geochemistry of the site is no longer conducive to such remarkable survival of organic archaeological and environmental materials. Microcosm (laboratory-based) burial experiments have been undertaken, alongside analysis of artifacts excavated from the site, to assess the effect of these geochemical changes on the remaining archaeological material. By applying a suite of macroscopic and molecular analyses, we demonstrate that the geochemical changes at Star Carr are contributing to the inexorable and rapid loss of valuable archaeological and paleoenvironmental information. Our findings have global implications for other wetland sites, particularly archaeological sites preserved in situ.

scholarly journals Potential of the Radiocarbon Method for Dating Known Historical Events: The Case of Yaroslavl, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 615-624
Author(s):  
A V Engovatova ◽  
G I Zaitseva ◽  
M V Dobrovolskaya ◽  
N D Burova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Methodological Question ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The City

We address here the methodological question of potentially using the radiocarbon method for dating historical events. The archaeological investigations in Yaroslavl (central Russia) provide an example. The Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IARAS) has been conducting excavations at the site for many years, and many archaeological complexes dating to different times have come to light. The most interesting of these are connected with the founding of the city by Prince Yaroslav the Wise in AD 1010 (the first fortifications) and with the devastation of the city by the Tatar Mongols in 1238 (evidenced by sanitary mass burials of Yaroslavl's inhabitants). We have conducted a certain experiment, a “reverse” investigation of the chronology of the events. The dates of the events are known from chronicles, archaeological materials, and dendrochronological data for several assemblages. We have taken a large series of 14C samples from the same assemblages, dated them in 2 different laboratories, and compared the data. The accuracy of the 14C dates proved to be compatible with dates found via the archaeological material. The article shows the potential for 14C dating of archaeological assemblages connected with known historical events. The results of the research conducted by the authors serve as an additional argument for the broader use of the 14C dating method in studies of archaeological sites related to the Middle Ages in Russia.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF THE SETTLEMENTS OF OLD RUS PERIOD IN THE ROS RIVER BASIN (Porossya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
A. V. Borysov
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Size And Structure

The preliminary results of the analysis of present database of settlement sites and reconstructed settlements in the territory of the Ros river basin (annalistic Porossya) are considered in the paper. The size and structure of the settlements are analyzed. This paper uses information on the area of distribution of the cultural layer recorded by researchers in the form of literary and graphic descriptions of the sites. Data on the size of settlements of Medieval Porossya region were collected in the thematic geo-information system «Porossya-01». Up to 2020 the Old Rus archaeological sites in Porossya are represented by 263 ones: 145 non-fortified sites, 66 hill-forts, 36 non-fortified settlements adjacent to the hill-forts, 16 finds of archaeological material. This database of archaeological sites has been collected from fieldwork over the last 150 years. Settlements of the 12th — the first half of the 13th centuries can be divided into three main groups by the size of residential area: large (8 ha), medium (3.5—7.1 ha) and small (0.1—3.3 ha). 20 % of the largest settlements of Porossya make 80 % of the entire residential area of the region and, as a rule, are the centers of agglomerations. The number of medium-sized settlements is 62 %. Their total area is 13 % of the total area of all settlements in the Porossya region. The data presented in this paper display the basic idea of the variability of Medieval settlement structures in the territory of the annalistic Porossya. Further this will allow make the comparative analysis and distinguish the regional features of the settlement area in the territory of Southern Rus. The use of data from Porossya will close the archeology to understanding of the characteristics and nature of settlements, to the patterns of their origin and functioning within the limits Medieval social organisms.

scholarly journals OLD RUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX «FEOFANIIA» (basing on the exploration in 2016—2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
І. V. Zotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
The South ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The City ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
The Way

The material and archaeological context of the research of Architectural and Archaeological Expedition of the IA NAS of Ukraine in 2016—2017 are considered in the paper. The group of sites dating to the 11th—13th centuries is located in the southern part of Kyiv named Feofania. This archaeological complex includes the hill-fort and three settlements. The officers of the Kyiv Archaeology Department Dr. O. Manigda and V. Kryzhanovsky made the surveying of the site. The exploration in 2016—2017 is connected with the construction of residential complex on the territory of settlement 2. Due to it the large area of the settlement — 2850 m2 — was discovered and explored. During the excavations 55 archaeological sites of Old Rus time were discovered. Among them are the residential and industrial buildings, outbuildings. The latter includes the object with a complex of adobe kilns (such structures have a very few analogies). The large number of archaeological material was collected among which are the items with the city nomenclature. Paleobotanical remains are distinguished in a separate numerous category of material. The traces of two fires have been occurred at the settlement. If the second fire is related to the collapse of the settlement during the Tatar-Mongol invasion (1240), the first one dates to the end of 11th — beginning of the 12th century, and the reason of it is unknown. Summing up the previous results, it is possible to refer the settlements No. 2 to the type of settlements privately owned by representatives of the feudal class. The group settlements and the hill-fort formed the block-post controlling the way to Kyiv from the south. In addition to Medieval antiquities the number of finds and objects of the Late Bronze — Early Iron Ages, as well as three burials of the late 18th—19th centuries, which apparently related to the cemetery of Saint Panteleimon Monastery, were discovered.

scholarly journals Analytical methods to differentiate Romanian amber and Baltic amber for archaeological applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Teodor ◽  
Simona Liţescu ◽  
Antonela Neacşu ◽  
Georgiana Truică ◽  
Camelia Albu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detection ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe study aims to establish several definite criteria which will differentiate Romanian amber and Baltic amber to certify the local or Baltic origin of the materials found in archaeological sites on the Romanian territory, by using light microscopy and performing analytical methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-variable angle reflectance and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. Experiments especially by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, were applied to a wide range of samples with controlled origin. The methods were optimised and resulted in premises to apply the techniques to analysis of the archaeological material.

Acoustic Ground Discrimination Techniques for Submerged Archaeological Site Investigations

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Lawrence ◽  
C.R. Bales
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Acoustic Signature ◽  
A Site

Single beam acoustic ground discrimination systems (AGDS) based on standard echo sounders are routinely used for commercial and research applications. Analysis of the return echo signals using these systems produces indexes of seabed "roughness" and "hardness" which have been used to classify seabed type and are here used to map submerged archaeological materials.The aim of this paper is to assess the potential for this technology to characterize submerged archaeological sites. Benefits of characterizing sites in this way include the potential for assessing future impacts on the archaeological material based on the assessment of sediment type and stability from the acoustic data. The technology could offer a means by which sites can regularly be monitored for changes over time, allowing for mitigation strategies to be employed to prevent loss of cultural material.AGDS systems have already been shown to differentiate wide-ranging bottom types over large areas of seabed. Examples are given from two archaeological sites where trials of one particular AGDS indicate that it is possible for small areas of seabed containing exposed archaeological material to be readily distinguished from the surrounding seabed in terms of the character of the acoustic responses.Further research is necessary to determine if, on a site-to-site basis, relationships can be established between acoustic signature, generic archaeological material, sediment type and the degree of preservation of archaeological material.

scholarly journals Bam Archaeological Mission: a new archaeological research programme in Kerman Province, Iran

Antiquity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (363) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mutin ◽  
Omran Garazhian
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Preliminary Survey

The Bam Archaeological Mission aims to investigate ancient settlement in the Bam-Narmashir region of Iran. Preliminary survey has identified over 200 new archaeological sites, with renewed excavation at the key site of Tell-e Atashi revealing structural evidence of Neolithic occupation.

scholarly journals Late Chronology in Hualfín Valley (Catamarca, Argentina): A Revision from 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Wynveldt ◽  
Bárbara Balesta ◽  
María Emilia Iucci ◽  
Celeste Valencia ◽  
Gabriela Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Bayesian Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Period ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Methodological Problems

AbstractThis article addresses chronological problems about archaeological sites traditionally associated with the Belén culture from Hualfín Valley (Catamarca, Argentina), analyzing background research, radiocarbon dates obtained by A Rex González before 1970, and 14C dates made since 1996. First, we critically review the chronological sequence built by González for Belén sites, which include the Late period (AD 1100–1480) and Inca period (AD 1480–1536), subdivided into three phases. Methodological problems that could affect results of the first 14C dates are discussed. Based on this review, we present new 14C dating considering extraction contexts, types of samples, calibration curve data used, the laboratory where each date was obtained, and their methods of measuring, characteristics of sites of origin, and associated archaeological material. Finally, using calibrated ranges and Bayesian models, we suggest groups of events that would correspond to different times in the history of late occupations in the valley.

USING RADIOCARBON DATA TO CHRONOLOGICALLY CONTROL POPULATION DENSITY ESTIMATES DERIVED FROM SYSTEMATICALLY COLLECTED INTRA-SETTLEMENT DISTRIBUTIONAL DATA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Brandon T Ritchison
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Radiocarbon Data ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Fine Time

ABSTRACT Population density is an important variable in the development of social complexity. Estimating population densities from the archaeological record requires combining estimates of population, area, and time. Archaeological population estimates tend to be reported as a maximum population derived from the total accumulation of discrete archaeological material types, usually ceramics or radiocarbon (14C) dates. However, given the palimpsest nature of the archaeological record at recurrently occupied archaeological sites, these maximal, total estimates are, at best, a poor reflection of contemporaneous populations. I present a method for calculating average yearly population densities for occupations at a large, multicomponent site using a combination of distributional data and 60 14C dates. By employing this method at other sites in the same region, modeling intra-regional population dynamics at fine time scales will be possible.

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