Diagnosis of parasitic infections in vermiform appendix in patients with appendicitis in Kirkuk city, Iraq

The present study is conducted in Kirkuk city, Iraq; between July to December 2018. Within this period 197 resected appendix are examined to investigate the parasitic infections that may associated with appendicitis. Direct with concentrated methods are used in luminal content examinations. Also, histological examination of haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections is performed to diagnose the parasitic infections in the lumen and within the appendix tissue. The parasitic infection reported in 12.69% cases included four species, as well as a mixed infection. Entamoeba histolytica (trophozoite and cyst), Giardia lamblia (trophozoite and cyst), Cryptospordium sp.(oocyst) and Enterobious vermicularis (adult worm and ova) are recorded. The most common determined parasite is E. histolytica (8.63%). The parasitic infection within the resected appendix reported in females (8.12%) more than males (4.57%). The parasitic infections in the study are prevalent in patients within the age groups 13 to 18 years and 19 to 24 years (3.55% for each one). http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.123

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A coprological survey of gastro-intestinal parasites of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Kurigram district of Bangladesh

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8752 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

MAA Mamun ◽

N Begum ◽

MMH Mondal

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Water Buffaloes ◽

Toxocara Vitulorum ◽

Coprological Examination ◽

Males And Females ◽

Paramphistomum Cervi

Epidemiology of gastro-intestinal parasites of water buffaloes was investigated in Kurigram district of Bangladesh between November 2007 and October 2008 through coprological examination. A total of 236 water buffaloes were examined, among them 144 (61.02%) buffaloes were found infected with one or more species of gastro-intestinal parasites. Nine species of gastro-intestinal parasites were identified, of them four species were trematodes, namely, Paramphistomum cervi (29.24%), Fasciola gigantica (22.46%), Schistosoma indicum (1.27%), Schistosoma spindale (0.85%); three species were nematodes, namely, Toxocara vitulorum (2.54%), Strongyles (0.85%), Strongyloides sp. (0.42%) and two species were protozoa, namely, Eimeria sp. (3.39%) and Balantidium coli (37.29%). No cestode was detected. Among the gastro-intestinal parasites mixed infection was common. In this investigation, prevalence of parasites in relation to age, sex and seasonal dynamics was also studied. Significantly (p<0.01) higher prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites was observed in rainy season followed by summer and winter seasons. Males and females were almost equally (odd ratio 1.08) susceptible to gastro-intestinal parasitic infection. In the age groups, young (< 2 to 5 years) were mostly (p<0.01) susceptible to gastro-intestinal parasites. In the present study, EPG (Egg/cyst Per Gram of Feces) was also determined. The range of EPG varied from 100-5000 among the identified parasites. The results of the present investigation revealed that the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in buffaloes is very common and quite severe. It is imperative that integrated strategies and measures be taken to control gastrointestinal parasitic infections in buffaloes in kurigram district and elsewhere in Bangladesh. Keywords: Buffalo; Gastro-intestinal parasites; Kurigram district DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8752 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 103-109

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Among the Patients Visiting Sub-Regional Hospital, Dadeldhura, Nepal

Himalayan Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/hijost.v5i01.42145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (01) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

Madhav Raj Sharma ◽

Sohan Jha ◽

Pawan Jha ◽

Prashant Dahal

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Tap Water ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Protozoan ◽

Management Actions ◽

Protozoan Infection

Intestinal parasitic infections caused by intestinal helminthes and protozoa are the most common human infections endemic throughout the world especially in tropical and subtropical countries including Nepal. This study was conducted to study the prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients visiting Sub-Regional Hospital, Dadeldhura, Nepal. Altogether 480 stool samples were collected from April 2017- October 2017. Microscopic examination of stool was done by using formal-ether concentration technique in the Microbiology Laboratory of Sub-Regional Hospital, Dadeldhura Nepal. The overall prevalence rate was found to be 10.625%. The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in males (52.94%) than in females (47.06%). In the age group below 15 years, the prevalence was found to be higher (52.94 %) than other age groups. Total 6 species of intestinal parasites; 2 (33.33%) were protozoan parasites viz. cysts and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia, and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica, and 4 (66.67%) were helminths viz. ova of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichuria, Hymenolepis nana, and Ancylostoma duodenale. The infection rate was found to be higher in people taking normal tap water. The study concluded that intestinal protozoan infection is still a public health problem of concern among the people of Dadeldhura. The prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection was found to be high in children and low educated groups in Dadeldhura. Thus, health education along with infection management actions and awareness programs for sanitation improvements are required to reduce protozoan infections.

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Intestinal parasite infections and associated factors among inmates of Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-019-4703-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gemechu Ameya ◽

Zerihun Zerdo ◽

Mihret Tesfaye ◽

Chimdo Jabesa ◽

Abayneh Awaje ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giardia Lamblia ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the parasitic infections affecting people living in prison. Helminths and intestinal protozoan infections are the most common parasitic infection that may cause serious life-threatening diseases in inmates living in developing countries. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among inmates living in Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather the data of socio-demographic characteristics, hygiene status of the prisoners, sanitation condition of the prison, and associated factors for IPIs by face to face interview. Direct wet-mount examination and formol-ether sedimentation techniques were used to examine intestinal parasitic infection from stool specimens. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and the IPI. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence association and strength of the associated factors. Result A total of 320 prisoners were participated in this study. Of these, 154(48.1%) of them were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Eight different intestinal parasites species were identified and Giardia lamblia was the predominant parasite. Among infected inmates, nearly one out of four of them had multiple parasitic infections dominated by Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar co-infection. Sleeping in group [AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: (1.0–3.8)], married prisoners [AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: (1.1–2.9)], and hand washing habits after handling soil [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.0–5.6)] were independently associated with IPI. Conclusion High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was detected in Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Absence of hand washing, marital status, and way of sleeping were the factors associated with the IPI. Implementation of mass drug administration, education on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and periodic screening of intestinal parasitic infection is very important to reduce the high prevalence IPIs in prison.

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Intestinal Protozoan Infections Shape Fecal Bacterial Microbiota in Children from Guinea-Bissau.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41486/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian von Huth ◽

Louise B. Thingholm ◽

Poul-Erik Kofoed ◽

Corinna Bang ◽

Malte C. Rühlemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Giardia Lamblia ◽

Large Scale ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Bacterial Phyla ◽

Guinea Bissau ◽

Bacterial Microbiota

Abstract Background: Intestinal parasitic infections, caused by helminths and protozoa, are globally distributed and major causes of worldwide morbidity. The gut microbiota may modulate parasite virulence and host response upon infection. The complex interplay between parasites and the gut microbiota is poorly understood, partly due to sampling difficulties in remote areas with high parasite prevalence and burden. Results: In a large study of children in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, we found high prevalence of intestinal parasites, including hookworms, Entamoeba spp. and Giardia lamblia. By high-quality sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of fecal samples stored on filter paper from a total of 1,204 children, we demonstrate that the bacterial microbiota is more or less unaltered by helminth infections, whereas it is shaped by the presence of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic protozoa, including Entamoeba spp. and Giardia lamblia. Within-sample (alpha) diversity remains largely unaffected, whereas overall community composition (beta diversity) is significantly affected by infection with both nonpathogenic Entamoeba coli (R2=0.0131, P= 0.0001) and Endolimax nana (R2=0.00902, P= 0.0001), and by pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica (R2=0.0164, P= 0.0001) and Giardia lamblia (R2=0.00676, P= 0.0001). Heavy infection load with multiple parasite species induces more pronounced shifts in microbiota community than mild ones. A total of 31 bacterial genera across all four major gut bacterial phyla associates with protozoan infection, including increased abundance of Prevotella, Campylobacter and two Clostridium clades (IV and WIVb), and decreased abundance of Collinsella (associated with irritable bowel syndrome), Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Veillonella and one Clostridium clade (XVIII). Further, we demonstrate that filter papers are usable for storage of samples at room temperature in large-scale studies where immediate freezing is not possible with minor alterations of microbiota composition. Conclusion: In the present largest-to-date study, we demonstrate that the fecal bacterial microbiota is shaped by intestinal parasitic infection, with most pronounced associations for protozoan species. Our results provide insights into the interplay between the microbiota and intestinal parasites, which are useful to understand infection outcome and design further studies aimed at optimizing treatment strategies.

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Epidemiological Survey on Gastrointestinal Parasitic Zoonosis in Cattle of Sirajganj District, Bangladesh

International Journal of Pathogen Research ◽

10.9734/ijpr/2019/v2i230066 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Md. Hazzaz Bin Kabir ◽

K. B. M. Saiful Islam ◽

Kamrul Islam ◽

Mahfuzul Islam ◽

Shah JungyIbna Karim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management System ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Previous History ◽

Winter Season ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Indigenous Cattle ◽

History Of

This study was conducted to evaluate the zoonotic gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle at Sirajganj district of Bangladesh during the period from February, 2016 to November, 2016 by coproscopy examination. A total of 150 fecal samples of cattle were collected from the study areas, which examined and found 41 (27.33%) were positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infections that has zoonotic importance. The prevalence of parasitic infection was significantly higher in female (33.7%) than in males (19. 4%). The prevalence of parasite was recorded higher in cross breed than in indigenous cattle which are statistically significant (p≤0.05). In case of age groups, the highest rate of infection was observed in adult of >1 years (28.5%) and the lowest in calves aged ≤1 year (25.4%). Moreover, the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites were higher in poor body conditioned cattle (36.3%) than that of malnourished (34%) and healthy cattle (22.4%). In case of management system, the prevalence of parasitic infections was higher in cattle reared in free range (40.0%) than cattle reared in semi-intensive (28.5%) and intensive system (25.5%). Furthermore, parasitic infections were higher in summer (36.5%) followed by winter season (25.5%) and rainy season (15.7%). A significant correlation (P=0.00) has been found between diarrheic non-diarrhea cattle. Finally, prevalence was significantly (P=0.02) higher in cattle with no previous history of anthelmintic use. From this study, it is concluded that gastrointestinal parasitic infection is a major threat to cattle health and production at Sirajganj district irrespective of age, sex, management system, breed, season, diarrheic and anthelmintic usage.

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Prevalence of the common intestinal parasitic infections and predisposing factors among the asymptomatic primary school children in Finoteselam town, West Gojam Zone, Amhara region (Ethiopia).

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.2.0210 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 173-188

Author(s):

Maru Wassie Yenene ◽

Abayneh Unasho Gandile

Keyword(s):

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

And Control

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) have been still quite common in developing countries including Ethiopia, particularly in children with low socio-economic and poor living conditions. Previous studies in Ethiopia have shown high burden of intestinal parasitic infections among the primary school children. The effective prevention and control of parasitic infections require research work based on the identification of intestinal parasites including associated predisposing factors. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of common intestinal parasitic infections and predisposing factors among the asymptomatic primary school children. Methods: A school based cross- sectional study was conducted from September, 2019- January, 2020 and a total of 422 asymptomatic primary school children were involved in the study. Specimens of the stool samples were examined using the standard parasite and ova method. Direct microscopy using saline and iodine wet mount preparation was used to examine the presence of eggs and larvae of helminthes and trophozoites and cysts of protozoan parasites and formalin ether concentration method was used for quality assurance. Structured questionnaires were also used to collect quantitative data on socio-demographic characteristics and predisposing factors. Analysis of the data was made manually using the thematic framework method including descriptive statistics. Results: Among the 422 students (aged 5-14 years) participated in the study, 245(58%) were positive for one or more intestinal parasites. Of the total infected participants, 192(45.5%) were single infections and 53(12.6%) were double infections identified. Seven types of intestinal parasitic infections were identified in the present study. The most prevalent parasite was Giardia lamblia 95(22.5%) followed by hook worm 58(13.7%). Age groups 5-9 years old were more infected, 173 (70.6%) than age groups 10-14 years old 72(29.4%). This result also showed parasitic infections were associated with predisposing factors related to infectious cycles. Concluding Remarks and Recommendations: The present study revealed that there was a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among students in the targeted primary schools. Therefore, all stakeholders should give attention to raise awareness about the prevention and control mechanisms of intestinal parasitic infections. Moreover, the health services of the local government should develop a habit of mass public health education and deworming intervention to improve the level of parasitic infection and environmental hygiene in the study area.

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Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients of Psychiatric Hospital Rumuigbo, Rivers State, Nigeria

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2019/v37i230163 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

N. C. Eze ◽

A. E. Abah ◽

D. O. Ezeoru

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Hospital ◽

Stool Specimen ◽

Intestinal Parasite ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Wet Mount ◽

Rivers State

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among patients of psychiatric hospital Rumuigbo, Rivers State, Nigeria between June to September, 2017. Stool specimen were collected and analyzed from 203 patients for ova, larvae or cysts of intestinal parasites using direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques. Of these, 78 (38.4%) were infected. Five parasitic infections were identified of which Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest prevalence (39.7%). Others included hookworm (8.4%), T.trichuria (4.4%) and 2 protozoans: Entamoeba histolytica (7.4%) and G. lamblia (3.0%). The occurrence of these parasites varied significantly (p< 0.05). Patients suffering from Schizophrenia had the highest prevalence of infection 33 (78.6%) followed by patients with Substance Abuse Disorder 11(37.9%), while the least prevalence was found among patients suffering from Anxiety disorder. Parasitic infection was most frequent among patients aged 18-27 years and higher among males 45 (47.9%) than the females 33 (30.3%).Prevalence of these parasitic infections varied significantly among sexes and age groups. This study has documented a higher prevalence of intestinal parasite amongst the mentally challenged in our society, re-emphasizing the need for intermittent de-worming among all the patients.

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Relationships between anaemia and parasitic infections in adolescent girls of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v42i1.23340 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 91-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hasina Banu ◽

Hamida Khanum ◽

Md Anwar Hossain

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Giardia Lamblia ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Parasite Infection ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Slum Area ◽

Level Of Education

A total of 1570 adolescent girls (aged 10-19 years) of rural, urban and slum areas in and around Dhaka city were investigated to determine the association of anaemia with parasitic infection. About one third (33.50%) of the adolescent girls were found to be infected with one or more protozoans (Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia) and helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichura, Strongyloieds stercoralis, hookworms). Anaemia (32.22%) was reported among the adolescent girls and 39.52% anaemic girls were infected with intestinal parasites against the 30.63% non anaemic cases. Anaemia was significantly associated with parasitic infestation (?2 =11.76, p<0.000). Percentage of anaemic cases was higher in slum area (38.75%) and lower in urban area (24.11%) respectively. Socioeconomic status of the adolescent girls had also impact on the prevalence of parasites and anaemia. Parasitic infestation was much lower (16.10%) among the literate compared to the illiterate respondents (47.58%). The prevalence of parasite infection was positively associated with illiterate adolescent girls (?2=171.27, OR=4.73, p<0.000). The level of education was inversely related (r = -0.98, p<0.01) with the prevalence of anaemia. Unhygienic latrine users were associated with parasite infection (OR=2.80) and anaemia (OR=2.16) respectively. The present study revealed that parasitic infection and socioeconomic status may be responsible for anaemia among the adolescent girls.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(1): 91-103, 2014

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Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in patients attending National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, from 2013 to 2015: A retrospective study

Bhutan Health Journal ◽

10.47811/bhj.56 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 46-49

Author(s):

Karma Norbu ◽

Adeep Mongar ◽

Nima Dorji ◽

Leki D. Drukpa

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Giardia Lamblia ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Public Health Intervention ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

National Referral Hospital

Introduction: Infection with intestinal parasites continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide. There is no information on the prevalence of these intestinal parasites in patients visiting the National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan. Methods: The study utilized information of stool data from 2013 to 2015 and was analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Wet and Iodine mount technique were used for identification. Results: The overall intestinal prevalence rate was 2.1%. Out of 5919 stool samples, Giardia lamblia has the highest rate of 0.93%, followed by Entamoeba coli 0.15%, Trichomonahomonis 0.19% and Taeniaspp. 0.17%.Giardia lamblia infection was 1.03% in males and 0.85% in females. The overall prevalence rate of parasitic infections was highest in >56 years age group with 2.83% in females and 2.0% in males. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites is a concern in the country. Furthermore, this study provides insights to develop effective public health intervention for reducing parasitic infections in the country.

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Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasites among Schoolchildren from Two Primary Schools in Rama Town, Northern Ethiopia

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/5750891 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Yordanos Gizachew Yeshitila ◽

Hagos Zewde ◽

Tesfahun Mekene ◽

Aseer Manilal ◽

Serawit Lakew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction. Worldwide, about 3.5 billion people are affected by intestinal parasitic infections, and the majority of them are children. A perusal of the literature indicates that in Ethiopia, nearly one-third of schoolchildren are found to be infected by some sort of intestinal parasites. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among schoolchildren in Rama town in Northern Ethiopia. Methods. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among primary school children from two schools in Rama town during June 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to identify environmental, sociodemographic, and behavioral factors while stool specimens were collected and examined for parasites using direct wet smear with saline preparation. Data analysis was completed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences version 24 statistical software. Results. A total of 312 school children with a mean age of 11.3 years were included. Among them, 24.4% (76) were found to be positive for at least one of the parasites. The overall infection rate was the highest among the 10–14 age groups (26.7%). Females were predominantly infected (26.7%). Altogether, eight species of intestinal parasites were identified. The most predominant protozoan and helminths were E. histolytica/dispar (10.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (7.4%), respectively, and infections were mostly mono-parasitic. Coinfections with two and three intestinal parasites were identified among 13 (4.2%, [13/302]) and 2 (0.6%, [2/302]) cases, respectively. Prevalence of intestinal parasites was higher among children who did not wash their hands regularly before meals (AOR: 2.30, CI: 1.32, 4.0, p < 0.001) and those who frequently swam in streams (AOR: 3.12, CI: 1.07, 9.08, p < 0.021). Conclusions. The study revealed a high prevalence of parasitic infection and inadequate personal hygiene practices like poor handwashing and also the habit of swimming by schoolchildren in contaminated water bodies, especially the study area. To minimize the burden caused by parasitic infection, periodic deworming programs and health education should be provided to enhance the awareness of concerned participants are also warranted.

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